ART

INTEGRATED
PROJECT
English
Presented By:Vishwaraj Ganesh Pomane
Roll – 889 Division - B
School – J.N.V. Satara

Teacher - George Joseph

Aurangabad
The most beautiful district in maharashtra
Aurngabad
Aurangabad is a city in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the administrative headquarters
of Aurangabad district and is the largest city in the Marathwada region.[8] Located on a hilly
upland terrain in the Deccan Traps, Aurangabad is the fifth-most populous urban area in
Maharashtra with a population of 1,175,116. The city is known as a major production center
of cotton textile and artistic silk fabrics. Several prominent educational institutions, including
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, are located in the city. The city is also a
popular tourism hub, with tourist destinations like the Ajanta and Ellora caves lying on its
outskirts, both of which have been designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 1983.[9]
Other tourist attractions include the Aurangabad Caves, Daulatabad Fort, Grishneshwar
Temple, Jama Mosque, Bibi Ka Maqbara, Himayat Bagh, Panchakki and Salim Ali Lake.
Historically, there were 52 Gates in Aurangabad, some of them extant, because of which
Aurangabad is nicknamed as the "City of Gates". In 2019, the Aurangabad Industrial City
(AURIC) became the first greenfield industrial smart city of India under the country's
flagship Smart Cities Mission.
 Paithan, the imperial capital of the Satavahana dynasty (1st century BCE–2nd century CE), as well as
Daulatabad or Dēvagirī, the capital of the Yadava dynasty (9th century CE–14th century CE), are
located within the limits of modern Aurangabad. In 1308, the region was annexed by the Delhi Sultanate
during the rule of Sultan Alauddin Khalji. In 1327, the capital of the Delhi Sultanate was shifted from
Delhi to Daulatabad (in present-day Aurangabad) during the rule of Sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq,
who ordered a mass migration of Delhi's population to Daulatabad. However, Muhammad bin Tughluq
reversed his decision in 1334 and the capital was shifted back to Delhi. In 1499, Daulatabad became a
part of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. In 1610, a new city named Khaḍkī was established at the location of
modern Aurangabad to serve as the capital of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate by the Ethiopian military
leader Malik Ambar, who was brought to India as a slave but rose to become a popular Prime Minister
of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. Malik Ambar was succeeded by his son Fateh Khan, who changed the
name of the city to Fatehnagar. In 1636, Aurangzeb, who was then the Mughal viceroy of the Deccan
region, annexed the city into the Mughal Empire. In 1653, Aurangzeb renamed the city as
"Aurangabad" and made it the capital of the Deccan region of the Mughal Empire. In 1724, the Mughal
governor of the Deccan, Nizam Asaf Jah I, seceded from the Mughal Empire and founded his own Asaf
Jahi dynasty. The dynasty established the State of Hyderabad with their capital initially at Aurangabad,
until they transferred their capital to the city of Hyderabad in 1763. Hyderabad State became a princely
state during the British Raj, and remained so for 150 years (1798–1948). Until 1956, Aurangabad
remained part of Hyderabad State. In 1960, Aurangabad and the larger Marathi-speaking Marathwada
region became a part of the state of
 History of aurngabad
 Khaḍkī was the original name of the village which was made a capital city by Malik Ambar, the Prime Minister of Murtaza
Nizam Shah II, Sultan of Ahmednagar. Within a decade, Khaḍkī grew into a populous and imposing city. Malik Ambar died
in 1626.[12] He was succeeded by his son Fateh Khan, who changed the name of Khaḍkī to Fatehnagar. With the capture of
Daulatabad Fort by the imperial troops in 1633, the Nizam Shahi dominions, including Fatehnagar, came under the
possession of the Mughals.
 In 1653, when Mughal prince Aurangzeb was appointed the Viceroy of the Deccan for the second time, he made Fatehnagar
his capital and renamed it Aurangabad. Aurangabad is sometimes referred to as Khujista Bunyad by the chroniclers of
Aurangzeb's reign.
 In 1667 Muazzam, son of Aurangzeb became governor of this provinence. Before him Mirza Rajah Jai Singh was in-charge
of this provinence for some time.[
In 1681, after Aurangzeb's coronation as emperor, he shifted his court from the capital city of Delhi to Aurangabad in
order to conduct his military campaigns in the Deccan. The presence of Mughal elites in the city led to urban
development, as numerous public and private buildings were constructed. Though Aurangzeb chose not to reside in
the city after 1684, the city retained importance as the primary military outpost of the Mughal Deccan, attracting
wealth and turning Aurangabad into a centre of trade; the manufacture of embroidered silks emerged during this
period and is still practiced in Aurangabad today. Mughal Aurangabad was also a cultural hub, serving as an
important centre of Persian and Urdu literature. During the Mughal era, Aurangabad had an estimated population of
200,000 people, living in 54 suburbs
In 1724, Asaf Jah, a Mughal general and Nizam al-Mulk in the Deccan region, decided to secede from the crumbling Mughal
Empire, with the intention of founding his own dynasty in the Deccan. Aurangabad continued to be politically and culturally
significant for the next 40 years as capital of Asaf Jah's new dominion, until his son and successor Nizam Ali Khan Asaf Jah II
transferred the capital to Hyderabad in 1763.[16][17] The loss of Aurangabad's privileged position led to a period of economic
decline; by the beginning of the 19th century, the city had become notably underpopulated, leading to the crippling of its
administration, and its buildings were in decay.[18] However, Aurangabad would continue to be important as the "second city"
of the Nizam's dominions for the remainder of the polity's lifetime.
In 1816, the British established a cantonment outside Aurangabad (as they did in other parts of the Nizam's dominions), but were
discouraged from entering the city proper by the Nizam's officials. [20] As a princely state under British suzerainty, the Nizam's 
Hyderabad State was quasi-autonomous, meaning that Aurangabad's culture was somewhat free of colonial influence
Bal Thackeray in 1988 proposed the city to be renamed as Sambhajinagar. The local governing body i.e., City Corporation
 passed a resolution on name change in 1995.[27] On 29 June 2022, the Shiv Sena-led Maharashtra cabinet approved the renaming
of Aurangabad to Sambhaji Nagar, after Sambhaji Bhosale, second Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire
Geography of Aurangabad
Climate and rainfall
 Climate
Aurangabad features a semiarid climate under the Köppen climate classification. Annual mean temperatures range from 17 to
33 °C, with the most comfortable time to visit in the winter – October to February. The highest maximum temperature ever
recorded was 46 °C (114 °F) on 25 May 1905. The lowest recorded temperature was 2 °C (36 °F) on 2 February 1911. In the
cold season, the district is sometimes affected by cold waves in association with the eastward passage of western disturbances
across north India, when the minimum temperature may drop down to about 2 °C to 4 °C (35.6 °F to 39.2 °F)
Most of the rainfall occurs in the monsoon season from June to September. Thunderstorms occur between November to April.
Average annual rainfall is 710 mm. The city is often cloudy during the monsoon season and the cloud cover may remain
together for days. The daily maximum temperature in the city often drops to around 22 °C due to the cloud cover and heavy
rains.
 Demographics
 According to the 2011 Indian Census, Aurangabad has a population of 1,175,116, of which 609,206 are
males and 565,910 are females. Population in the age range of 0 to 6 years is 158,779. The total
number of literates in Aurangabad was 889,224, which constituted 75.67% of the population with male
literacy of 79.34% and female literacy of 71.72%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of
Aurangabad was 87.5%, of which male literacy rate was 92.2% and female literacy rate was 82.5%.
The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population is 229,223 and 15,240 respectively. There were
236659 households in Aurangabad in 2011

 Religion
 The majority of the population in Aurangabad are Hindus (51%), followed by 30% Muslims, 15.2% 
Buddhists and 1.6% Jains. There are a substantial number of adherents of Sikhism and Christianity in
the city.[36] Buddhists are of Navayana tradition who are mostly scheduled castes.
 Language

 Marathi is the official language of the city. Marathi is also

the most commonly spoken language in the city, followed
by Urdu and Hindi.
 Culture
 The culture of Aurangabad city is heavily influenced by the culture of Hyderabad. The old city
still retains the cultural flavour and charms of Muslim culture of Hyderabad. Its influence is
reflected in the language and cuisine of the locals. Although Urdu is among the principal
languages of the city, along with Marathi and Hindi, it is spoken in the Dakhni – 
Hyderabadi Urdu dialect
 Wali Dakhni also known as Wali Aurangabadi (1667–1731 or 1743) was a classical poet of Urdu
 from Aurangabad. He was the first established poet to have composed in Urdu language.
Prominent poets like Shah Hatem, Shah Abro, Mir Taqi Mir, Zauq and Sauda were among his
admirers. Other prominent poets from Aurangabad include Siraj Aurangabadi, Azad Bilgrami
 and Sikandar Ali Wajd.
 Abul Ala Maududi one of the Muslim scholars (1903–1979) was born in Aurangabad, India.
Syed Abul A'ala Maududi was born to Maulana Ahmad Hasan, a lawyer by profession. [48] His
father was "descended from the Chishti line of saints.[49] He was also the founder of Jamaat-e-
Islami, the Islamic revivalist party
 Tourist attractions
 Aurangabad Caves: These are situated at a distance of 5 km (3 mi),
nestled amidst the hills are 12 Buddhist caves dating back to 3 A.D. Of
particular interest are the Tantric influences evident in the iconography
and architectural designs of the caves.

 Bibi Ka Maqbara: Aurangabad is known for the Bibi Ka Maqbara

 situated about 3 km (2 mi) from the city, which is the burial mausoleum
of Emperor Aurangzeb's wife Dilras Banu Begum, also known as Rabia-
ud-Daurani. It is an imitation of the Taj Mahal at Agra and due to its
similar design, it is popularly known as the "Taj of the Deccan"
 Daulatabad Fort
 Devagiri Fort, also known as Daulatabad or Deogiri, is a historic fortified
citadel located in Devagiri village near Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. It
was the capital of the Yadava dynasty (9th century–14th century CE), for a
brief time the capital of the Delhi Sultanate (1327–1334), and later a
secondary capital of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate 
 In 1499, Daulatabad became a part of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate, who used it
as their secondary capital. In 1610, near Daulatabad Fort, the new city of
Aurangabad, then named Khadki, was established to serve as the capital of
the Ahmadnagar Sultanate by the Ethiopian military leader Malik Ambar,
who was brought to India as a slave but rose to become a popular Prime
Minister of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. Most of the present-day fortifications
at Daulatabad Fort were constructed under the Ahmadnagar Sultanate
 Cuisine
 Naan Qalia is a dish that is associated with Aurangabad in India. It is a concoction
of mutton and a variety of spices. Naan is the bread made in tandoor (Hot furnace)
while Qalia is a mixture of mutton and various spices.
 Aurangabadi food is much like Mughlai or Hyderabadi cuisine with its fragrant 
pulao and biryani. Meat cooked in fresh spices and herbs is a speciality, as are the
delectable sweets. The local cuisine is a blend of Mughlai and Hyderabadi cuisine,
with an influence of the spices and herbs of the Marathwada region
 Transport
 Air-Aurangabad Airport is an airport serving the city and has connecting flights to 
Hyderabad, Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Udaipur, Tirupati, Visakhapatnam
 and Thiruvananthapuram. In 2008, flights were made available to the people travelling to
the Hajj pilgrimage
 Rail[edit]
 Aurangabad railway station is the major railway station under Nanded railway division of
the South Central Railway zone. It is located on the Secunderabad-Manmad section and
has rail connectivity with major cities such as Delhi, Hyderabad, Latur Road, Manmad,
Mumbai, Nagpur, Nanded, Nashik Road, Nizamabad and Pune. The work of DPR
preparation is ongoing for metro in Aurangabad from Shendra and Waluj. [62] The work of
surveys and DPR is also ongoing for high speed rail line from Mumbai to Nagpur, which
will have a halt in Aurangabad.
 Education
 Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University (BAMU) is located in Aurangabad city. Many colleges
in the region are affiliated to it. The university has 101 Colleges affiliated in Aurangabad and 99 Colleges
in Beed, 53 & 55 Colleges affiliated in Jalna & Osmanabad
 Government College of Engineering, Aurangabad is an autonomous engineering college. It was
affiliated to the Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University and was established in 1960.
The construction of the college was started in 1957 and was completed in 1960. Marathwada
Institute of Technology and Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College are two other engineering
colleges in Aurangabad.
 Maharashtra National Law University, Aurangabad is a state university[64] located in Aurangabad. It
was established in 2017 by the Government of Maharashtra, the third and final university to be
installed through the Maharashtra National Law University Act, 2014
 In 1903, a treaty was signed between British and the Nizam to train the Nizam's Army and it was
decided to establish a proper cantonment. Today the cantonment is spread across 2,584 acres
(10.46 km2) with civil population of 19,274 as per 2001 census