Country

year(s)
Early Childhood Development (ECD)
Support for Learning

Early Stimulation & Responsive Care Early childhood, which spans the period up to 8 years of age,
100
is critical for cognitive, social, emotional and physical
development. During these years, a child’s newly developing
87
brain is highly plastic and responsive to change. Optimal
80 early childhood development requires a stimulating and
nurturing environment, access to books and learning
materials, interactions with responsive and attentive
60 55
caregivers, adequate nutrients, access to good quality early
Percent

childhood education, and safety and protection. All these

40 aspects of the environment contribute to developmental
outcomes for children.

20 16 Children facing a broad range of risk factors including

poverty; poor health; high levels of family
0
and environmental stress and exposure to violence, abuse,
Father Mother Any adult household member neglect and exploitation; and inadequate care and learning
opportunities face inequalities and may fail to reach their
Percentage of children age 2-4 years with whom the father, mother or adult household members engaged in activities that
promote learning and school readiness during the last three days developmental potential. Investing in the early years is one of
the most critical and cost-effective ways countries can reduce
Note: Activities include: reading books to the child; telling stories to the child; singing songs to the child; taking the child
outside the home; playing with the child; and naming, counting or drawing things with the child
gaps that often place children with low social and economic
status at a disadvantage.

Attendance at Early Childhood Education Programmes

100
85
80
76
63 68 65
61 59 59
60
45
38
40
18
20
Percent

0
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3 4 U n nd Po Ri
ge ge te tt e
A A t at t a
es es
lo
w gh
hi
ith ith
w w
on on
gi gi
Percentage of children age 3-4 years attending an early childhood education programme, by background characteristics Re Re

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Learning Materials & Child Supervision

Access to Play & Learning Materials Inadequate supervision of children

Region Left in inadequate supervision

3 or more children's books 50
National 5

Region 1 3
2 or more types of playthings 55
Region 2 3

Region 3 3
Toys from a shop/ manufactured toys 87
Region 4 2

Region 5 2
Household objects/ objects found
outside
65 Region 6 8
Regions 7&8 10

Homemade toys 25 Region 9 21

Region 10 5
0 20 40 60 80 100

Percent
Percentage of children under age five according to their access to play and learning materials Percentage of children under age five left alone or under the supervision of another
child younger than 10 years of age for more than one hour at least once in the last
week, by region

Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI)

ECDI: Total Score & Domains, SDG 4.2.1 ECDI: Disaggregates

100
ECDI 56

80

60
Physical 97
Percent

Learning 95 40

Social-emotional 75 20

Literacy-numeracy 63
0
Area of Wealth Maternal ed- Sex of child Age of child ECE at-
0 20 40 60 80 100 residence Quintile ucation tendance

Percent
ECDI: Early Childhood Development Index; percentage of children age 3-4 years ECDI by various characteristics
who are developmentally on track in literacy-numeracy, physical, social-emotional, ECE = early childhood education
and learning domains Note: Data for children whose mother has no education are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.

The Country Multiple Indicator Cluster The objective of this snapshot is to Further statistical snapshots and the Survey
Survey (MICS) was carried out in 2014 by the disseminate selected findings from the Findings Report for this and other surveys are
National Bureau of Statistics as part of the Country MICS 2014 related to Early available on mics.unicef.org/surveys.
global MICS programme. Technical support Childhood Development (ECD). Data from
was provided by the United Nations Children’s this snapshot can be found in tables TC.10.1,
Fund (UNICEF). UNICEF and Name of other LN.1.1, TC.10.2, TC.10.3 and TC.11.1 in the
organizations providing financial support Survey Findings Report.
provided financial support.