FORCEPS DELIVERY

&
VARIOUS TYPES Of FORCEPS

Moderated by :- Dr charu Ma’am

Made by :- Ayushi Singh
Definition
• Obstetric forceps is a pair of instrument, especially designed to assist
extraction of the foetal head and thereby accomplishing delivery of
the foetus.
Parts of forceps
Parts of forceps are :-
• Blade
• Shank
• Handle
• Blade :- blade is fenestrated to facilitate good grip to fetal head. There is
usually a slot in the lower part of fenestrum of blade to allow the upper end of
axis traction rod to be fitted.
• The blade has got two curves :-
1. Cephalic curve:- It is the curve on the flat surface which when articulated
grasp the fetal head without compression the radius of the curve is 11.5cm
( 4.5″).
2. Pelvic curve :- The curve on the edge is to fit more or less the curve on the
axis of birth canal (Curve of carus) It form a part of Circle whose radius is
17.5cm (7″). The front of the forceps is the concave side of pelvic curve
How to identify the blades ?
• The term right & left are used with respect to the mother.
• When articulated :- place the instrument in front of the pelvis with the top
of the blade pointing upward and concave side of pelvic curve forward.
The blade which correspond to the left of the maternal pelvis is left
blade and that to the right side is right blade.
• When isolated :-
1. The tip should point upward
2. The cephalic curve is to be directed inward and the pelvic curve forward.
Varieties of Forceps
• Ever since either Peter l and Peter II Of the chamberlen family
invented the forceps around AD 1600, more than 700 varieties were
invented or modified.
• Most of them are historical interest only. But only three varieties are
commonly used in present day obstetric practice.
• These are :-
Long Curved forceps
Short curved forceps
Kielland forceps
 Long - curved obstetric forceps
• Long curved obstetric forceps is relatively heavy and
is about 37cm (15″) long .
• In India, das’s variety ( named after sir kedar nath
das) is commonly used with advantages.
• It is comparatively lighter and slightly shorter than
its western counterpart.
• But is quite suited for Comparitively small pelvis and
small baby of Indian women.
Pipers forceps :-
• Longest forceps
• It is used for delivering after coming
head of breech.
• These forceps have English lock.

Tucker Mc Lane forceps.

• These are the only forceps with solid
blades
Short curved obstetric forceps (Wrigley)
• The instrument is lighter about a third of the
weight of an ordinary long curved forceps.
• The instrument is short which is due to reduction
in the length of the shanks and handles.
• It has a marked cephalic curve with a slight pelvic
curve.
 Kielland forceps

• It is a long almost straight (very slight pelvic

curve) obstetric forceps

• It has got a sliding lock which facilitates the

correction of asynclitism of the head.

• One small knob in each blade is directed

towards the occiput.