OUR UNIVERSE

Sai kamal varshith

CONTENTS
Summary
Research
Sun
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
 CONTENTS
Comets  Theese are important
Universe
 slides
Universe 2
More about space
Star life
Star life 2
4d
Space time
Black holes
galaxies
 SUMMARY

We are going to learn about solar system

And more about space
 RESEARCH

So this is the graph of

This is outer
inner
solar system This is the sun
planets orbits
 SUN

Our sun is the largest object in our solar system. It makes 99.89% mass
of our solar system. It has a diameter of 1.3927 million km. It gives us
heat and light by nuclear fusion by merging hydrogen atoms and
heulium atoms
 MERCURY

 Mercury is the 1st planet from sun.Mercury is the smallest object in

our solar system. It only takes 88 days to orbit the sun. It is the 2nd
hottest planet in the solar system. It has a diameter of 4,900km
 VENUS

 Venus is the 2nd planet from our sun. } Venus is the hottest planet
in the solar system with a temperature of (464 degrees centigrade). It
is called sister to earth. It has a day bigger than its year. It has a
diameter of 12,000km
 EARTH

 Earth is the 3rd planet from our sun.Earth is the only planet which has
life on it (still astronauts are finding earth like planets) Its our natural
home . It has the perfect temperature 15-30 centigrade. It has the
diameter of 13,000km
 MARS

 Mars is the 4th planet from our sun.Mars is the only planet that has
red dust (rust) on it. It has dust storms that cover 1/3 of the planet.
It has soil called martian soil. It has co2 in high concentration. It has a
diameter of 6,800km
 JUPITER
 Jupiter is the 5th planet from our sun.Jupiter is the largest planet in
the solar system. It has metalic hydrogen on it. Also it has the great
red spot is a storm that three earths can fit inside. 1 day on it = 10
hours . It has a diametre of 1,40,000km
 SATURN
 Saturn is the 6th planet from our sun.Saturn has rings that are thinner
than a razer blade. It has hydrogen and heulium. Saturn has highest
no. of moons – 82 moons. It has the diameter of 1,16,000km
 URANUS

 Uranus is the 7th planet from our sun.Uranus is tilted 98 degrees.

Uranus was 1st invented planet by telescope. It is called Neptunes
twin . It has the diametre of 51,000km
 NEPTUNE

 Neptune is the 8th planet from our sun.Neptune is the coldest planet
in the solar system about -210 c. a year on Neptune is 164 earth
years. It was 1st invented by using maths. It has a diameter of 49,000
PLANET 9 [STILL NOT DISCOVERED]

 Planet 9 is still not discovered it is just a myth

 Planet 9 is just a hypothetical planet
 It could be about the size of earth
 Still we are getting information using sattelites
 The distance beetwen sun and planet 9 is estimated about
 560+260
−140  AU[1]
 PLUTO [DWARF PLANET]

 Pluto is classified as a dwarf planet in 2006 by the iau

 Its classified beacause a planet should maintain 3 laws to become a
planet
 1)a planet shoud be sphereical in shape
 2)it should have a fixed orbit
 3) it should clear its orbit
 Pluto does not have the 3rd law
 WHAT IS A COMET?

 Comets are chunks of rock from space debris, but have ice mixed in
as well. Generally, they have very
 long orbits, and when they come close to the Sun.
 Comet
 the heat boils off frozen ice from them, and pushes it into a lore
bright tail... Comets are much bigger than meteors and can be seen
before they enter our atmosphere.
 Comets can be seen for many weeks, as they move slowly across the
sky.
 UNIVERSE

Our universe is a vast expanse of space,which contains everything that

exsists it is expanding as pg 19 and has the explotion of big bang

fact

The term big bang

was coined by the
English astronomer
and mathematician;
sir fred hoyle during
a 1949 radio
broadcast
 UNIVERSE 2

 To learn click words in gold colour

 Bag jib not hot hell
 MORE ABOUT OUR UNIVERSE
 There are many stars in the universe like sun eg .sirus a and b and many
other solar systems like eg. Sirus star system
 There are many earth like planets eg. Kelper-452b
 This all started with a explosion called big bang the first atoms formed they
are hydrogen and heulium then, gravity was created this all was 13.7 billion
years ago by time,our solar system was created 4.5 billion years ago, first
earth was a lavaball ,but as time goes,the astroids bring small amounts of
ice,then earth turned into a snowball life formed and dinosaurs ruled earth,
after many millions of years earth became living home
 We live in the milky way galaxy which diameter is 1,00,000ly
 The planets outside solar system are called exoplanets
 The planets outside universe are called extroplanets
 Universe is 4d that means it has no end in time and area
 Our universe is expanding 2477.50 miles/sec
 STAR LIFE

Hydrogen fusion star

Turning disc of hydrogen

supernova
 STAR LIFE(2)

White
dwarf
Black hole
Neutron star

White hole Black dwarf

pulsar
 4D

 The meaning of 4d is that a thing that changes over time

 Like tessract a thing that is surrounded by 3d
 To learn more about 4d click this link
www.youtube.com/watch?v=HxUI1AeRO6Y
 A tessaract is a object which has height,length,width, and along with
tregnth
 Tregnth is nothing but time as a dimension
 See a 3d object is peripendicular to a figure in 2d and has another
dimension
 SPACE TIME

Spacetime (or space-time continuum) is a scientific interpretation that

combines space and time as one whole. Scientists perceive the Universe
as having three dimensions of space(0d’1d’2d’3d)and one dimension of
time(4d). By combining space and time into a single concept, they have
simplified a large number of physical theories, as well as described the
biggest and smallest of celestial features.
 BLACK HOLES
 Black holes are the mystirious holes in universe
 They have infinite gravity
 Black holes are formed when a massive star dies
 When black holes die white holes form[theory]
 First picture of black hole was taken in 2019 ad
 Black holes bend space time
 When we get closer to black holes time slows down
 A black hole forms when a star’s outer part collapses and falls into
core of the star
 Black holes loose 0.0000000001% of their mass once in 1 lakh years
2019 picture of black
hole
 WHITE HOLES [NOT TRUE]

 Sciencetists theori’s say that if black holes existed white holes also
could be existed
 They work opposite to black holes
 Like they have the minus gravity in which it throws out of its hole
 Sciencetists say that its formed after a black hole dies
 GALXIES

 Galaxies are large bunch of stars

 They have a large supermassive black holes in centre
 Galaxies are measured in light years
 Galaxies are massive
 There are millions of galaxies in the universe which form galantic
superclusters
 A galaxy cluster, or cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of
anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound
together by gravity[1] with typical masses ranging from 1014–1015 solar
masses. They are the largest known gravitationally bound structures in
the universe and were believed to be the largest known structures in
the universe until the 1980s, when superclusters were discovered.[2]
 One of the key features of clusters is the intracluster medium (ICM).
 ALIENS [THEORY]

 Humans think that they are not only human civilization and another
civilization on an another planet.So since 60 years we are trying to
search,contact,speak with aliens.

Humans sent many signals

like sattelites the tv show
that we are watching now
can be travelled millions of
light years
 THE AROCIEBO MESSAGE

The arociebo message is the message of aliens

It is 2500 coding numbers[I think]
]It is a sound through which it is hypothetically a picture
 RADIO SIGNALS

 This is intresting radio signals are intresting

 Beacause they can travel long distances like even light years with
messages
 Even our tv show radio signals can travel so far from earth
 Even the arociebo message which is sent to another civallization is
also produced by radio signals
 Radio signals are formed by radio waves which are small waves then
light
 Sattelites are used this purpose also
 If we use this signals properly we could communicate with aliens
 STARS

 Stars are large masses of burning fuel

 There are different types of stars m type stars o type and so on
 Smaller stars last longer bigger star last shorter they burn it hydrogen
and covert them to helium then to oxygen then to neon and so on
 M TYPE STARS

 M - type stars are the most common stars in the universe, known
as red dwarfs. 
 Their mass is below 40% of the mass of our sun, Sol. Their luminosity
 is very dim and red in color. These stars have very long lifetime
because they burn their hydrogen slowly.
 O TYPE STARS

 An O-type star is a hot, blue-white star of spectral type O in the 

Yerkes classification system employed by astronomers. They have temperatures
in excess of 30,000 kelvin (K). Stars of this type have strong absorption lines of
ionised helium, strong lines of other ionised elements, and hydrogen and
neutral helium lines weaker than spectral type B.
 G TYPE STARS
 A G-type main-sequence star (Spectral type: G-V), often called a yellow dwarf,
or G star, is a main-sequence star (luminosity class V) of spectral type G. Such a
star has about 0.9 to 1.1 solar masses and an effective temperature between
about 5,300 and 6,000 K. Like other main-sequence stars, a G-type main-
sequence star is converting the element hydrogen to helium in its core by means
of nuclear fusion
 K TYPE STARS

 A K-type main-sequence star, also referred to as a K dwarf or orange

dwarf, is a main-sequence (hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type K
and luminosity class V. These stars are intermediate in size between
red M-type main-sequence stars ("red dwarfs") and yellow 
G-type main-sequence stars
 L TYPE STARS

 A Class L star is a stellar class that includes early brown dwarfs and

ultracool low mass stars. They are generally 65 - 90 times as massive
as Jupiter and their temperature is generally 1,300 - 2,400 K.
WHICH IS THE NEAREST STAR TO EARTH

 Which is the nearest star to Earth?

 The nearest star to Earth is the Sun. The mean distance of the Sun
from the Earth is approximately 150 million km (93 million miles),
though the distance varies as the Earth moves from perihelion in
Proxima Centuari January to aphelion in July. The Sun is an ordinary
star, yet from Earth. it looks bigger than the biggest stars, since it is
closer than them.
AFTER THE SUN, WHICH IS THE NEAREST
STAR TO THE EARTH?
 After the Sun, which is the nearest star to the Earth? After the Sun,
the next nearest known star to the Earth is the Proxima Centauri. This
nearest neighbour to the Sun is a tiny red dwarf star, some 4.22 light-
years ((39.9 trillion km) away from us.
 ARE STARS EVENLY DISTRIBUTED
ACROSS THE UNIVERSE?
 No! Stars are not spread uniformly across the Universe, but are
normally grouped into galaxies along with interstellar gas and dust. A
2010 estimate of total star count in the observable Universe was 300
sextillion (3x1023) While tis often believed that stars only exist within
galaxies, intergalactic stars have also been discovered.
HOW MANY TYPES OF STAR SYSTEMS
ARE THERE?
 Star systems are of different types. A system of two stars is called a
'binary star' or 'double star'. Sirius and Procyon are an example of a
binary system. A system of more than two stars is called a 'multiple
star system. Multiple star systems are called 'triple', 'trinary' or
'ternary', if they contain three stars; 'quadruple' or 'quaternary', if
they contain four stars; 'quintuple' with five stars; 'sextuple' with six
stars; 'septuple' with seven stars; and so on. These systems are
smaller than 'open star clusters', whic have more complex dynamics
and typically have from 10 to 1,000 stars.
 WHAT IS A STAR SYSTEM?

 A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars which orbit

each other, bound by a gravitational force. By definition, star clusters
or galaxies are actually a large number of stars bound by gravitation.
Alpha Centauri, which has Proxima Centauri star, is the star system
that is closest to the earth

The hottest of the known,

stars is Eta Carinae, located
about 7,500 light-years
from the Sun, and has the
fact
surface temperature of
72,0000 F compared to that
of Sun's i.e. 10,0000 F
ALPHA CENTAURI STAR SYSTEM
 The nearest star system to us is the alpha
centauri star the distance is about 4 light years
 It is triple star system
 It mainly consists of 3 stars alpha centauri a,
alpha centauri b,proxima centauri
 Alpha a is bigger than our sun while alpha b is
small proxima is much small
 These stars have orbits like alpha a and b have
same orbit and proxima has another orbit
these 3 stars meet one in 18000 years
 PROXIMA B

 This planet is found in proxima centauri’s orbit

 It is known as of it has theories for life existence
 Scientist will send 1 centimetre long object which can travel 20% of speed
of light to study it
 It has 1.1 % mass of earth it is second planet in its system
RECENT NEWS : BIG BANG THEORY IS
WRONG
 Sattelites prove that big bang theory is wrong.satelites like cosmic
background exploler,plack etc
 The evidence is some stars are older than big bang ex .hd 140283
 This proves they’reve must be something happend
RECENT NEWS: SIGNS OF LIFE ON MARS

 Well,I am not telling life is formed on mars it takes sometime but

they are some signs
 The sign is the nasa perseverance rover detected some organic cells
near a crater
 The crater was a pond in 3.5 billion years ago
 Well the real truth is in 2030 another mission to send those mars
samples to earth will be launched that’s when see the truth
NEW DOUBT:WHAT IS OUTSIDE THE UNIVERSE
 Well according to my analasis there is no such thing called outside
the universe[theory]
 Yes but what we can say what is outside the observable universe
 And the answer could be normal space
 But we cannot say what is outside of the unobservable universe
because universe itself is outside so we cannot say what is outside of
the unobservable universe
 Some say that there is multiverse but some not say these are just
scientists expect.
 WHO CREATED THE UNIVERSE

 Well as we can say design has a designer so who designed this

universe

 God
 He also controls our actions every thing every dimension he is the
nature of universe who controls it he is every thing he is multi
universal
 FINAL PAGE

 Email your suggestions at kantheesh@gmail.com or call 9490758619

 Thanks
-sai kamal varshith

Thanks
-sai kamal varshith