Political

ideologies
 “Ideologies”
-An ideology is more or
less a coherent set of ideas
that direct or organize a
specific political action
(Heywood 2013). It consists
of belief and value systems

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“Political Ideologies”
-Political ideologies are so
powerful that they do not
only direct individual
behavior.
They also shape the
structure of a government, a
political system, and an
entire country.

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 A political Ideology
has 2 dimension.

Goals and method.

Where with every
desired goal there is
corresponding method.

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 3 Classification of Ideologies

> The Anti-Government

Ideologies.
> Right-Wing Ideologies
> Left-Wing Ideologies

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 1. The Anti-Government Ideologies
> The most common example is Anarchism.
It is the political system that literally wants to
abolish governments. Usually, through
violence and acts of lawlessness

The good side of this is its goal, “a society of

self-governed individuals with better freedom.”

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 1. The Anti-Government Ideologies
> Nihilism
Which glorifies destruction as an end
itself rather than rebuild society.
This is revolve around the belief that
man exist for no purpose.

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 2. Right-Wing Ideologies
> This are ideologies that oppose
change,
looking into the past as wisdom.

*It is not uncommon for some people to be

afraid of change, especially if they have seen
effective type of ruling.

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 2. Right-Wing Ideologies
> Monarchism
It wants to centralize authority and political
order
Letting that person exercise all the power
alone.

*Even Aristotle, a Greek philosopher deem monarchism

to be the best form of government if it ruled by wise
king, not a tyrant.
Ex: Brunei and UAE
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 2. Right-Wing Ideologies
> Fascism
A totalitarian political system led by a
great leader together with his political
party.

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 2. Right-Wing Ideologies
> Fascism
The great thing which is also a bad thing in this
ideology is that it is based on too much
Nationalism and Racism
-one country followed it and started World
War.

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 2. Right-Wing Ideologies
> Nazism
Which could be seen by Adolf Hitler and with
his political army, ruled the whole Germany.

Nationalism, Ethnicity and Racism

Seen on how they look themselves as the race
superior to the Jews.
-this action led to Holocaust, the genocide
which exterminated approximately 6 million
Jews
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 2. Right-Wing Ideologies
> Capitalism
The most powerful and economically wise
ideology of the right,
the basis of the “first world countries”
Fuelled by the phrase “Greed is good”

Today, most country used this ideology like

United States, Europe and China(which
follows Communism)
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 2. Right-Wing Ideologies
> Capitalism
This ideology provides justification for big
companies which are multinational like
Mcdonalds and Microsoft.

This kind of ideology is not actually bad, for it

elevates our virtue of freedom and
independence

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 2. Right-Wing Ideologies
> Capitalism
It oppose central government,
It is logical to oppose higher taxes and
supports free trade, because it aims to make
money.

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 3. Left-Wing Ideologies
> Opposed Right-Wing Ideologies
> Promote human being to live together as a
whole`
Without separation of social barriers(upper
class, middle class, lower class).

This aim social equality and abolish injustice.

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 3. Left-Wing Ideologies
> Socialism
Is mainly about government ownership and
rejects the idea of individualism. Opposed the
idea of Capitalism.

This circulates around the idea of common

ownership, meaning everybody will have the
right to participate on how global resources
will be used.
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 3. Left-Wing Ideologies
> Communism
Defined as Radical Equality.

Aim: To replace private property and profit

based economies with public ownership.

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 3. Left-Wing Ideologies
> Marxism
Ideology founded by Karl Marx
According to him, all societies evolve to
historical stages.

Thesis(a dominant economic pattern)

Antithesis(contains new and conflicting
pattern)
=Synthesis(a new economic stage)
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 2. Left-Wing Ideologies
(Dialectic Process, Hegel and Marx)

Thesis- Starting Point/Status Quo

Antithesis-Mechanism for Change(ideas does not support
status quo)

Synthesis-Progress
*Note: THIS IS A PROCESS and so, DOES NOT END.

Wanting to overthrow “Monopoly Capitalism”.

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 Ideologies and
the Philippine Society
According to Buendia (1992), ideologies are critical in
a country’s political life as they make and unmake
regimes and governments. He continued, “in the
Philippines, ideologies remain to be sharpened and
fashioned to the country’s needs and demands for
development.

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