English Term 1

Coverage
Level 8.2
Term 1
2022-2023
:Contents

Coverage

Preparation – grammar

Preparation – functional language

Level 8.2

Term 1 Academic Year 2022-2023

 The Coverage, Grammar and Functional Language PowerPoint

Within this document, you will find information about the coverage for this term. The lexis family that assessments will
contain is mentioned as well as the particular grammatical and functional language points that will be tested in the exams
at the end of this term. In the preparation sections, you will find examples and explanations for the grammatical and
functional language points that will be assessed this term.

The grammar preparation section has an example sentence that illustrates the grammatical point. It follows this with an
explanation of the meaning of the example sentence. Next, the specific grammatical structure used within the example
sentence is detailed followed by an explanation of the circumstances under which the particular structure is used. More
example sentences using the structure are given at the end of the slide.

In the functional language preparation section, there are examples of the particular language point followed by an
explanation of how the particular are used. In the associated grammar section, language points that comprise the
structure or can be used to in conjunction with the language point to express the stipulated function are detailed.

Although detailed, the slides within this PowerPoint are designed to be used as a starting point for teachers to construct
lessons around the language points that are explored here. The slides are intended to be used individually as a resource
within a lesson and to be incorporated as part of instruction incrementally throughout the term to ensure that students
have been exposed to all the language points in the coverage ahead of their end of term exam. Therefore, the
PowerPoint should not be presented at a single event or in its entirety. Some functional language points may overlap
with grammatical points in the coverage, and in that case, it is possible to combine slides. However, this resource should
be considered to be a collection of individual slides that teachers can use to enhance students’ learning.
 Term 1
Coverage

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 Term 1 Coverage

Topic(s): Education

Lexis Grammar Functional Language

   
environment,​ Passives: with reporting verbs​ Describing causes and consequences​
 ​
technology​ Passives: present continuous Expressing regret​
passive
Speculating and making deductions
​Conditionals: third conditional​
Describing people​
Modals: present modals (deduction)​
Expressing opinion​
Adjectives: comparatives​
Expressing certainty, probability, and doubt
Adjectives: superlatives​

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Grammar

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Do you know if that woman can run this project? 
I think so! She's thought to be a highly skilled mechanical engineer.

Meaning People believe that she is a good mechanical engineer. 

Passive reporting statements

Grammatical
it + passive reporting verb + (that) + clause
structure
subject + passive reporting verb + to + infinitive

We use passives with reporting verbs 'thought / considered / believed’ to report

Usage
beliefs, reports, rumours, etc.

They are reported to be the most talented chefs in town. 

Other examples Everyone was believed to have passed the exam. 
It is thought that the rain will continue into next week.
 Laptops being
replaced

Why haven’t the IT students completed the online project? 

The students’ laptops are being replaced so they don’t have access.

The students cannot do any online work right now because they do not have
Meaning
their laptops. 

Grammatical Present continuous passive 

structure subject + is / are + being + the past participle

We use the present continuous passive to talk about some ongoing actions
Usage performed around the moment of speaking. The passive voice is used to focus
on the receiver of the action, not on who is carrying out the action. 

Animal habitats in the rainforest are being destroyed due to expanding human

Other examples development.
Environmental threats are currently being reviewed by the government. 
If you’d told me about the meeting in advance, I would have attended.

He could have gone to the meeting if someone had told him before it started,
Meaning
but no one did.

Grammatical Conditionals: third conditional

structure 'if' + past perfect, hypothetical with 'would’ + have + past participle

We use the third conditional to describe a hypothetical past action and to

Usage
imagine the results of that action.

If I’d studied harder and more regularly in university, I would have got the
Other examples career I wanted.
If you hadn’t eaten so much food, you wouldn’t have felt sick all night.
Oh Fatima! I’m too tired to work today. 
You’ve been resting for most of the day, Aisha. You can’t be tired. 

Fatima is suggesting that Aisha is well rested because of the amount of time
Meaning
she has spent doing nothing.

Grammatical Modals: present modals (deduction)

structure subject + present modal + verb 

We use present modals of deduction (must, may, might, could, can’t) to make
guesses about something based on the information that we have. When we
Usage
are sure of something, we use ‘must,’ ‘must have’ or ‘can’t.’ When we are less
sure, we use ‘might’ or ‘could.’
She must be concerned about the environment because she uses recycled
Other examples materials daily. 
Noone is answering the door, they might still be at the mall.
There are more new environmental gadgets on the market than we have time to review on
the blog. 

The speaker is overwhelmed with new gadgets to write about. The comparison
Meaning
is being made between the number of gadgets and the amount of time.
Adjectives: comparatives
be + comparative adjective + noun/verb phrase + than + noun/verb phrase
Grammatical subject + (be) + comparative adjective + prepositional phrase + than + noun
structure phrase
present participle clause + (be) + comparative adjective + present participle
clause

We use comparative adjectives and phrases followed by ‘than’ when

Usage
comparing two noun or verb phrases or clauses.

Having good study techniques is often more important than spending lots of
time memorising facts.
Other examples
He was more concerned with the quality of the cloth he ordered than the
environmental impact of producing it.
This school’s dedication to the welfare of its students is among the best in the country.

The school has a focus around the health and wellbeing of its students and is part
Meaning
of the top group in the country for student welfare.

Grammatical Adjectives: superlatives

structure 'one of / some of / among' + superlative phrases

We use superlative adjectives to express that something or someone is either the

Usage
top or bottom of a specified group. 

The presentation on the impact of climate change was one of the most interesting
lectures I have ever attended. 
Other examples
It was, in fact, the Emirati athletes who were some of the best competitors in the
competition.
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Functional Language

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The ice caps are melting in the Arctic due to the rising temperatures. 

Many endangered animals are losing their habitats as a consequence of millions of

trees being cut down. 

Exhaustion and ill health are a result of a poor work-life balance. 

Functional
Describing causes and consequences
language point

Associated
Subordinating conjunctions, noun phrases, adverbial linkers
grammar

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If I’d been on time for the football match, I would have seen the full game rather than just
the highlights. 

I deeply regret not spending more time searching for employment before accepting my
current job role. 

If I had watched the documentary on plastic pollution, I would be more informed about how
to reduce the use of harmful materials.

Functional
Expressing regret
language point

Associated
Pronouns, third and mixed conditionals, past perfect
grammar

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It is difficult to say, but I predict that plastic bags will be permanently removed from stores
next year. 

Dubai police believe that the suspect must have been from the local community.  

You ought to have your locks changed. There have been many robberies. 

Functional
Speculating and making deductions
language point

Associated
Modals of deduction, present perfect
grammar

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Salma is a highly educated and talented professional. She has a passion for building online
platforms and is skilled in web development. 

The thief, a slim, cleanshaven, medium height man with large blue eyes, is wearing clothes
which are dirty. He is highly dangerous and should be avoided. Any sighting of the criminal
should be reported to the authorities at once.

Functional
Describing people
language point

Associated
Pronouns, position adjectives, present simple, noun phrases
grammar

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I have my doubts that the new movie will be released in the local cinema tomorrow evening.

It is unlikely he will go travelling before passing his English exams. 

To the best of my knowledge, the weather conditions will be dangerous tomorrow.

I’m absolutely certain that the writer will complete his masterpiece very soon.
Hmm, I don’t know about that. We’ve been waiting for several years now!

Functional
Expressing certainty, probability, and doubt
language point

Associated
Future time (will), prepositional phrase
grammar

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I’m absolutely certain that planting more trees and taking public transport can have a
significant and immediate effect on our environment. 

I’m of the opinion that reducing the number of cars on the road, and therefore the amount
of CO2 emissions, can improve the air quality in our cities. 

As far as I am concerned, this man should not be the chief CEO of that company. 

Functional
Expressing opinion
language point

Associated
Pronouns, present modals, prepositional phrases
grammar

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