PARTS OR COMPONENTS OF

METALLIC RPD (REST)

Dr. OGUNRINDE T. Joshua

Dept. Of Restorative Dentistry.

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 COMPONENTS OF METALLIC RPD

* Saddle
* Occlusal Rest and similar components
*Retainers: Direct retainer
Indirect retainer
*Connectors ( Major / minor)
* Stress breakers or Stress equalisers
*Artificial teeth
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COMPONENTS OF METTALIC RPD

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RESTS (occlusal,cingulum, and incisal rest )
Definition:
A rigid component of RPD resting in a recessed
preparation on the occlusal, lingual or incisal surface to
provides support to the denture
A rest is a component of a RPD that extend over a
prepared tooth surface to provide support to the
denture.
*A rest may be placed upon : occlusal surface of molar
or premolar - Occlusal rest
* Cingulum of anterior teeth - cingulum rest
* Incisal edge of anterior teeth - incisal rest 4
 Definition cont

*When the area of the rest is extended to a

large proportion of occlusal surface - Onlay

Precision manufactured attachments placed

within a crown or retainer- Intracoronal
(Precision) Rest

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 Occlusal rest

This is a cast metal projection attached to a partial

denture extending on to the prepared occlusal
surface of a standing tooth. It may be part of the
clasp arms or may be a seperate component not
related to the clasp.

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Requirement of ideal occlusal rest
1. It must fit the tooth accurately with bevealed
margin to prevent food stagnation.
2. It may rest on a natural depression on the
occlusal surface or occupy a prepared surface on
the tooth or on an inlay restoration.
3. It should cover one-third of the marginal ridge
and extend to 1/3 to 1/2 the mesio-distal surface
of the tooth.
4.It must be at right angle or less to the long axis of
the tooth..
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Requirement of ideal occlusal rest (cont)
5. The internal angle of the seat should be rounded
to prevent fracture
6. It should be made in cast metal
7. It must not gag the occlusion
8. It must have sufficient bulk / of adequate
thickness to prevent deformation. This depends on
i)the alloy used ii)the heaviness of the
bite/occlusion iii) wether the the rest is opposed
by natural or artificial teeth.
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 Functions
1.It transmits vertical load to the abutment teeth
thereby supporting the saddle .
2. It helps in transmission of lateral load
3. It deflect food.
4.Maintain the arm of the clasp in the correct
vertical relation on the abutment tooth thus
preventing the clasp arm moving towards the
tissue. This prevents damage to the tissue and
preserve the retentive effort of the clasp. (i.e.
maintain a clasp -tooth relationship)
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 Functions cont
5.May improve occlusion.
6. May correct occlusion
7. May act as indirect retainer
8. It prevent super-eruption of tooth on which it
is placed where no opposing tooth is present to
perform this function.
9. Provide reference for relines or impressions in
free end saddle dentures

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Rest seat preparation: aim
1. To provide space between the occlusal surface
of the upper and lower teeth.
2. To allow a rest of adequate thickness and
strenght to be used.
3. To provide a more favourable tooth surface for
occlusal rest than those existing on the natural
tooth.
4. To provide a shape on the tooth surface that
gives a desirabe amount of bracing.

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 Principles of rest seat preparation
1. Floor of the rest seat should be at right angle to
the long axis of the tooth. *Avoid preparing a rest
seat that slope towards the marginal ridge
2.All rest seat preparation in posterior teeth
should have rounded proximal margin because a
sharp margin result in a reduction of the metal at
the point where strenght is required.
3. The rest seat should be of adequate width and
depth. The width should be such that it is broadest
at the point of attachment to the saddle (rounded
triangle shape). 12
 Principles of rest seat preparation cont
4. The shape of the preparation should be sauser
shape rather than box shaped.
5. Preparation should be within the enamel. Un
avoidable penetration of the dentine will require a
provision of restoration on the tooth especially in
young patient.
6. Rest seat are usually prepared interproximally i.e
mesially or distally or both but occasionally it may be
prepared lingually on the lingual cursp of lower molar.

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 Preparation of Rest Seats
No anesthesia
High-speed hand piece
Light pressure
+/- Water spray
Minimal heat is generated
Keep in enamel

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Preparation of Rest Seats cont

Occlusal Rest Seats with:

-Diamonds
-Medium round carbide burs

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 Rest seat form
*No sharp line angles
*Rounded triangular shape
*Base of triangle should be 1/3bucco-lingual width
*Marginal ridge must be lowered and rounded (1-
1.5mm)
*Floor inclined towards the center
*Angle formed by rest and minor connector should be
less than 900
*Floor should be concave or spoon shaped or saucer
shaped (Prevents horizontal stresses & torque)
Others: Box shape, Flat shape 16
Occlusal Rest seat form

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 CINGULUM REST
Cingulum rest is ultilizes on the palatal or lingual
surface of anterior teeth especially the upper
canine.
When the cingulum is well developed other teeth
that are favourable for the use of cingulum rest
are upper central incisors, and lower canine. The
use of cingulum rest is usually unsatisfactory
because of the slope of the palatal surface of
maxillary anterior which are not suitable to carry
the the rest when the enamel is prepared. In such
situation, an inlay cavity is cut on the tooth and
the rest is placed on the inlay 18
 Cingulum rest cont
Advantage: Cingulum rest presents easthetic
advantages in that it does not show metal.
Disadvantages:
it may require extensive tooth preparaton
which may result in caries, hypersensitivity.
It may present a positive bulging on the tooth
surface in an area of high tongue activity and so
may give rise to tongue irritation.
Horrizontal tooth movement may arise from
horizontal force components developed on an
incline plane . 19
 Cingulum rest cont

Inadequate space may be a problem for using a

cingulum rest where the anterior teeth relationship
is close.
Apart from providing support for the denture, it
may provide reciprocation for retentive clasp arm.

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 Cingulum rest seat preparation
No anaesthetia
Fast hand piece

Place in sound tooth structure or restorations

Not on amalgam restorations

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Preparation of Cingulum
Rest Seats
Long, medium diameter cylindrical
bur or diamond

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Cingulum rest
seat form

*Inverted “V”
* < 900
* Rounded margin

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 INCISAL REST
Incisal rest are placed on anterior teeth and they
present easthetic problem. They are therefore
used on anterior teeth where cingulum rest
cannot be used.
Generally they present as an extension of metal
on the lingual or palatal surface of anterior teeth
and terminate on the prepared surface on the
incisal edge. It is required that the anterior
posterior thickness of the tooth is adequate to
receive the rest
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 Intracoronal (Precision) Rest

Precision manufactured attachments placed

within a crown or retainer

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 Onlays
When an occlusal rest is extended to cover the
whole or most of the occlusal surface of a tooth , it
is called an onlay. It may be cast in gold or cobalt-
chromium or combination of metal and acrylic.

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Question

Question

Question

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Thank you for

Listening

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