ZigBee Technology

ABSTRACT

 What is ZigBee?

 ZigBee Overview

 IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN

 ZigBee Networking Basics

 Technology Comparisons

 Applications

 Conclusion

 References
 What is ZigBee?

ZigBee is a wireless networking technology.

ZigBee is the set of specifications built around the IEEE 802.15.4
wireless protocol.
ZigBee technology is a low data rate, low power consumption,
low cost, wireless networking protocol targeted towards
automation and remote control applications.
ZigBee is ideal for harsh radio environments in isolated locations
 Need for ZigBee
ZigBee was created to satisfy the market's need of a standards-based
wireless network that is

- cost-effective

- supports low data rates

- low power consumption

- secure and reliable

ZigBee is the only wireless standards-based technology:

- that addresses the unique needs of remote monitoring & control and sensory
network applications.
 ZigBee Alliance
 The ZigBee Alliance is an association of companies working together
to enable reliable, cost-effective, low-power, wirelessly networked,
monitoring and control products based on an open global standard
( IEEE 802.15.4 PAN )
 Open and global
 Anyone can join and participate
 Membership is global
 Why the name ZigBee ?

 The name "ZigBee" is derived from the

erratic zig-zag patterns many bees make
between flowers when collecting pollen. This
is suggestive of the invisible webs of
connections existing in a fully wireless
environment, similar to the way packets
would move through a mesh network.
 IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN

 Wireless personal area networks (WPANs) are used to convey information

over relatively short distances.
 The main features of this standard are network flexibility, low cost, very low
power consumption, and low data rate in an Adhoc self-organizing network
among inexpensive fixed, portable, and moving devices
 ZigBee Characteristics
 ZigBee operates as one of three license-free bands
2.4 GHz, 915 MHz for North America, and 868 MHz for Europe
At 2.4 GHz, there are a total of 16 channels available with a maximum data transfer of 250
kbps
At 915 MHz: 10 channels for a max 40 kbps transfer rate
At 868 MHz: 1 channel for a max 20 kbps transfer rate
 ZigBee incorporates a CSMA-CA protocol
This protocol reduces the probability of interfering with other users and automatic
retransmission of data ensures robustness.
Yields high throughput and low latency for low-duty cycle devices like sensors and control.
 DEVICE TYPES

There are three different ZigBee device types

The ZigBee (PAN) coordinator node
 The Full Function Device (FFD)
The Reduced Function Device (RFD)
 ZIGBEE TOPOLOGY

ZigBee Supports 3 Topologies

1. Star topology

2. Peer to Peer topology

3. Cluster Tree or Mesh Topology

Comparison of 3 topologies
Network Layer AND Application Layer

This level in the ZigBee architecture includes

1. The ZigBee Device Object (ZDO)

2. User-Defined Application Profile(s)

3. The Application Support (APS) Sub-layer.

 PHYSICAL LAYER
 The PHY service enables the transmission and reception of PHY protocol data units
(PPDU) across the physical radio channel.
 The features of the IEEE 802.15.4 PHY physical layer are
 Activation and deactivation of the radio transceiver,
 energy detection (ED),
 Link quality indication (LQI),
 Clear channel assessment (CCA),
 Channel selection.
 MAC LAYER
 The MAC service enables the transmission and reception of MAC protocol
data units (MPDU) across the PHY data service.
 The features of the MAC sublayer are
 Beacon Management,
 CSMA-CA Mechanism,
 GTS management,
 Acknowledged frame delivery,
 DATA TRANSFER
Information in a ZigBee network is transferred in packets

Each packet has a maximum size of 128 bytes, allowing for a maximum payload

of 104 bytes.

The ZigBee specification supports a maximum data transfer rate of 250 kbps for

a range of up to 100 meters

A ZigBee network has an optimal superframe structure with a method for time

synchronization
 CONCLUSION
 Comparing ZigBee technology with the present Bluetooth technology it is
evident that ZigBee can have a safe future in this effervescent world of
technology.
 There is definitely a place on the market for ZigBee, since no global standard
exists today in the wireless sensor network area.
THANK YOU!!