Physiology of botany

IRRIGATION WATER
REQUIREMENTS FOR
COFFEE TREES IN VIETNAM
 Main contents

A
1. Introduction

2. Irrigation methods

3. Water requirements and

suitable irrigation for each
growth stage.

2
 Introduction
• Coffee (Rubiaceae) is a perennial industrial plant, the
total time to grow and develop from seed to old age is
about 25-30 years.
• It is divided into 3 main stages: incubator stage, basic
construction stage, business stage.

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 I. Introduction
• Water is needed mainly to meet the demands of
evaporation (E), transpiration (T) and metabolic needs of
the plants, all together is known as consumptive use (CU).
• Because water used in the metabolic activities of plant is
negligible, being only less than one percent of quantity of
water passing through the plant.
• The water need of a crop thus consists of transpiration plus
evaporation. Therefore, the crop water need is also called
"evapotranspiration".

• Water requiment:
WR = CU + application losses + water needed for special
operations.

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 II. Irrigation methods for Coffee Plants
• There are many irrigation methods: sprinkler irrigation, gravity irrigation, drip
irrigation, localized sprinkler irrigation, etc.

• Self-flow irrigation method:

Coffee is often grown in hilly land, so this method is less effective, because the water is
not evenly distributed.

Self-flow irrigation takes a lot of work to build ditches, and the amount of water loss is
large.

Therefore, this method of watering has many disadvantages, so it should be replaced

by sprinkler irrigation.

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 II. Irrigation methods for Coffee Plants

• Sprinkler irrigation method: Usually

applied in scattered coffee gardens, coffee at
the business stage and the nursery stage.

Advantages: for the highest productivity,

good product quality and high efficiency.

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 II. Irrigation methods for Coffee Plants

• Local sprinkler irrigation method (root

irrigation):

For newly planted coffee gardens, the basic

construction stage has a low coverage rate and
undeveloped roots, using the method of local
sprinkler irrigation to each tree stump.

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 II. Irrigation methods for Coffee Plants
• Drip irrigation method:

Applied to newly planted coffee garden, basic construction stage.

Advantages: saving water for irrigation, especially in places with limited

water resources and often dry.

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 III. Water requirements and suitable
irrigation for each growth stage.

Important rule: Watering the plants at the right time. And watering the plants enough.

1. Coffee nursery stage (6-8 months, plant

height 20-25cm).
Coffee must be watered regularly with a
small amount of water and when the coffee
plant begins to grow, water with a large
amount of water, thereby reducing the
number of watering times.

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 III. Water requirements and suitable
irrigation for each growth stage.
2. Basic construction stage (2-4 years)

Combining measures to keep plants moist with root irrigation (drip irrigation) the amount of
water for each coffee tree is 30 liters/plant (2nd year) and 50 liters/plant (3rd year) for 1
watering. .

The number of watering is from 5-6 times, each time is about 20 days apart.

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 III. Water requirements and suitable
irrigation for each growth stage.
3. Coffee business stage. (20-25 years).

At this stage, coffee has the longest growth period.

• This is the period of coffee for the greatest profit, strongly developing vegetative organs,
flowering, pollination, fruit development, foliage also growing wider and covering the
ground.
• The blooming process requires a lot Targets Common soil Soil
type deterioration
of energy, the plant has strong
Irrigation level 400 - 600 350 - 450
respiration, the need for water at this (m3/ha)
stage is 6-7 times higher than normal, Irrigation cycle 10 - 15 7 - 10
(days)
so it is recommended to use the
sprinkler irrigation method.
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