HSE IN THE WORKPLACE

ELEC-01001/04

Unit:- Electrical Safety

Objective 1: -Identify the safe work practices to protect from
arc flash hazards.

Outcome: Apply safe work practices for electricians.

What is Arc Flash?
An "arc flash" is an electrical short circuit
that originates from an exposed live
conductor, and then travels through the air
until it reaches another conductor or the
ground. Arc flash happens when there is a
breakdown of electrical resistance (or
impedance) in the air surrounding a
conductor. If there’s enough voltage present
in the conductor while air resistance is low,
the voltage can make its own low-impedance
path that arcs through the air and straight to
the ground, or
Arc flash can be caused by many things including:
 Dust or conductive dust in electrical equipment
 Dropping tools inside of electrical equipment
 Accidental touching of electrical equipment
 Condensation in electrical equipment
 Material failure
 Corrosion
 Faulty installation

Corrosion
Three factors determine the severity of an arc flash injury:
Proximity of the worker to the hazard
Temperature
Time it takes the circuit to break

Typical negative effects from an arc flash include:

Burns from clothing burning onto skin
Fire
Flying objects such as molten metal
Blast pressure upwards of 9700 kg/m2
A sound blast in which noise can reach 165 dB
Heat of upwards of 20 000°C.
An arc fault is a high power discharge of electricity between two or more
conductors. This discharge generates heat, which can break down the
wire's insulation and trigger an electrical fire. Arc faults can occur
through normal aging of a system, they also occur while personal are
present. Resetting a breaker, racking a beaker or completing live work
with covers removed are all arc fault hazards.
Personnel exposed to an arc flash event would likely receive severe
burns, shrapnel embedded from the blast, temporary blindness,
temporary hearing loss. Severe burns could continue after the arc flash
event if the worker’s clothing continue to burn.
Addressing the Hazards
Shock and electrocution have long been recognized as a serious
workplace hazard. In recent years arc flash has also become recognized
as a serious workplace hazard. Canadian Occupational Health and Safety
Regulations have been developed to address these hazards. These laws
require an employer to take reasonable precautions to prevent electric
shock and burn injuries. The Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
Z462:
Workplace Electrical Safety is the document most often referenced for
electrical safety.
CSA Z462: Workplace Electrical Safety Standard is a standard of the
Canadian Standards Association. It addresses electrical safety
requirements for employees and provides guidance on the assessment of
electrical hazards and design of safe work spaces around electrical power
systems. It stipulates requirements for identifying hazardous equipment
and for the development of safe work procedures around this equipment.
This standard also gives guidance to electrical workers on the selection
of personal protective equipment (PPE) and protective clothing for
protection from electrical arc flash hazards.
Terms
There are many terms that are unique
to the subject of arc flash hazard and
safe work practices.
 An arc flash hazard analysis
determines the risk of personal
injury as a result of exposure to
incident energy from an electrical
arc flash.
 The arc flash boundary is the
minimum “safe” distance from
exposed energized conductors or
circuit parts that has the potential
for an arc flash.
 Arc duration is the total time it takes system protective devices to
detect and interrupt a fault current.
 An arc fault current results from a short circuit or electrical contact
between two conductors at different potentials in which the impedance
or resistance between the conductors is zero.
 Incident energy exposure is the amount of thermal incident energy to
which a worker face and chest could be exposed at working distance
during an electrical arc event. Incident energy is measured in joules
per centimetre squared( J/cm² ) or calories per centimeter squared
(cal/cm²).
 Typical working distance is the sum of the distance between the
person standing in front of the equipment and from the front of the
equipment to the potential arc source inside the equipment.
Hazard Risk Categories
There are five hazard/risk category (HRC) levels of electrical task, which
are numbered by severity from 0 - 4. Greater emphasis than normal
should be placed on de-energizing the equipment before working on or
near exposed electrical conductors or a circuit part when the energy
exceed 40 cal/cm² at working distance.
Safe Work Practices
CSA Z462-12 requires an employer to develop and implement an
Electrical Safety Program. It also defines the requirements for safe work
practices and requires audits and revisions to keep the safety program up
to date. Basic compliance to CSA Z462 requirements is established with
a five-step process for safety and operability .
In Step l the employer develops, implements and audits an electrical
safety program. This is a living document that covers all areas of the
company's electrical safety practices including:
Lock out procedures
The method of qualifying workers
Selection and application of PPE
Methods of establishing a safe work area
Arc flash hazard calculations
Equipment labelling
Worker audit procedures
Step 2 is an electrical system engineering study that is overseen by
professional engineers familiar with the power distribution and control
equipment and the calculation methods required.
An arc flash hazard analysis determines the arc flash boundary, the
incident energy at the working distance and the PPE that People use
within the arc flash boundary. An arc flash hazard analysis must be
updated when a major renovation or modification takes place .
CSA Z462-12 requires that equipment that is likely to be examined,
adjusted, serviced or maintained while energized must be field-marked
with a label. The label must contain at least one of the following:
 The available incident energy and the corresponding working distance
 The minimum arc rating of PPE
 The required level of PPE
 The highest hazard/risk category for the equipment

In addition, the label must also contain all of the following:

The nominal system voltage
The arc flash boundary
The date of the hazard analysis
Labels that comply with two different requirement levels from the
minimum requirement to a detailed description of the hazard.
Step 3 is to conduct regularly scheduled safety training and audits for ail
electrical workers. Employees must receive safety training specific to the
hazards of arc flash, arc blast and shock. The employer is to verify that
each worker complies with the safety related work practices specified by
CSA Z462-12. Canadian regulations require employers to provide
information, instruction and supervision to a worker to protect the health
and safety of the worker.
Step 4 is to ensure adequate supplies of PPE and proper tools. CSA Z462
requires workers working in areas where electrical hazards are present to
be provided with and use protective equipment that is designed and
constructed for the specific parts of the body to be protected and for the
work to be performed. This can include arc-rated shirt and pants, an arc-
rated coverall or a multi-layer arc flash suit.
Step 5 is maintenance of all electrical distribution system components.
Electrical distribution equipment that is properly installed and
maintained is much less likely to experience an arc flash incident.

Additionally, the active components in electrical distribution systems are

made up of fuses, circuit breakers and protective relays that help protect
the system in the event of an electrical fault. These devices have a critical
role in controlling arc flash energy so it is crucial to keep these devices in
proper operating condition. Without proper over-current protection, a
sustained arcing-fault event can subject electrical workers to much
higher than anticipated levels of arc flash energy.
Personal Protective Equipment
Personal protective equipment, commonly referred to as "PPE", is
equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious
workplace injuries and illnesses.

PPE designed to protect against arc flash hazards is called arc-rated (AR)

clothing. AR clothing has been tested against exposure to an electric arc,
and its AR rating (expressed as a number) represents the amount of
incident energy the clothing can block or absorb.
The balaclava is used in combination with an arc-rated face protection
shield as part of PPE to protect against the thermal hazards of an electric
arc. It effectively protects the neck and back of the head that are
vulnerable to the radiation emitted during an arc flash incident.
Arc Flash Switching Hoods are inherently flame resistant, providing
protection from electrical arc flash and flash fire.

Face protection shield Balaclava Switching Hood

Safe Work Practices
Step 1: The employer develops, implement and audit an electrical safety
program. This is a living document that covers all area of the company
electrical safety practices including:
 Lock out procedure
 The method of qualifying workers
 Selection and application of PPE
 Methods of establishing a safe work area
 Arc flash calculation
 Equipment labelling
 Worker audit procedures
Step 2: Is an electrical system engineering study that overseen by
professional engineers familiar with the power distribution and control
equipment and the calculation methods required. An arc flash hazard
analysis must be updated when a major renovation or modification takes
place.

Step 3: Is to conduct regularly scheduled safety and audit for all

electrical workers. Employees must received safety training specific to
the hazards of an arc flash, arc blast and shock.

Step 4 : Is to ensure adequate supplies of PPE and proper tools. This can
include arc-rated shirt and pants, an arc-rated coverall or a multi-layer
arc flash suit.
Note: Wearing of clothes, especially synthetic fabrics like nylon, in an
electric arc incident may make injuries worse than if the skin was not
covered at all. Denim jeans and jackets, cotton shirts, cotton/ synthetic T
shirt are all fuel sources that ignite and burn.

Step 5: Is the maintenance of all electrical distribution systems

components. Electrical distribution equipment that is properly installed
and maintained is much less likely to experience an arc flash incident.
ELEC-01001/04

Unit:- Electrical Safety

Objective 2: - Identify and describe lockout procedures.

Lockout Procedures
Lockout procedures are designed to isolate or shut off
machines and equipment from their power sources
before employees perform any servicing or
maintenance work. There are many types of hazardous
energy that must be lockout such as mechanical,
electrical, pneumatic, thermal and chemical.

Lockout is the placement of a lockout device on any

energy isolation apparatus (circuit breaker, slide gate,
line valve, disconnecting switch, etc.) to ensure that
the energy isolating device and equipment being
controlled cannot be operated until the locked device
Lockout procedure
steps from 1 to 9 :
Disconnect Switches
The disconnect switch
disconnect the main power
supply to the motor starter.
Pull the starter disconnect
handle to the off position
once the machine has been
shut down. Lock the
handle in the off position.
Blades to
disconnect
switch
Locks are to be installed on the switch or circuit breaker by a worker
doing the repairs or alterations to the equipment. The lock must be able
to be opened by one key only. Do not use a common key that anyone else
may have.
In addition to locks, many company require the use of information and
warning tags. These tags provide additional information that is useful to
other working in the vicinity of the locked out equipment.
Lockouts are used when a piece of equipment requires more than one
person to lock it out. They may be persons of the same trade or different
trades working on different parts of equipment. Operators may need to
co-ordinate this equipment with other machinery for system to operate
properly. Persons responsible for testing the equipment prior to start up
after repair may be involved. Each employee involved must be able to
apply his or her own lock and tag. To facilitate multiple locks on switch
or valve of a piece of equipment, lockout are used.
ELEC-01001/04
Unit:- Electrical Safety

Objective 3: - Identify the safe work practices to

prevent electrical shock.
Electrical Dangers
Electrical shock occurs when a person touches any electrically charged
object while at the same time touching another surface that can conduct
the electricity to the ground. Common sources of electrical shock are
bare and damaged wires, machinery and tools, and extension cords.
Proper grounding and electrical safety devices can help prevent electrical
shock.
Overheated electrical equipment can cause fires. This is why motor
control centres and transformer, for example are mounted on non-
combustible material.
Safe limit approach distances must be considered when working or
operating machinery near overhead power lines. Until it is verified what
the voltage of the power is, maintain a safe distance of 7m.
When electrical equipment is used in a potentially combustible
environment, explosion proof enclosures are used.

Explosion proof enclosures

Effects of Current on a Body
When an electrical current passes through the body, the nervous system
experience an electric shock. The intensity of the shock depends mainly
on the strength of the current and the path taken by the current through
the body and the duration of contact. In extreme cases the shock causes
the failure of the normal action of the heart and lungs, resulting in
unconsciousness or death.
 Dry skin has an average resistance of 100,000Ω to 600,000Ω. Wet skin
has a resistance of about 1000Ω. Internal body resistance from hand to
foot is roughly 400Ω to 600Ω, ear to ear resistance can be as low as
100Ω.
Note: The current is the killing
factor in electrical shock.
Voltage determines how much
current flows through a given
body resistance.
Shock Prevention
The following procedures may prevent electrical shock.
 Avoid wearing finger rings, jewellery, chain and metal watch. They may be caugh
moving parts or come in contact with electrical circuits.
 Assume that every circuit is live. Respect all voltage sources and circuits as
potentially dangerous.
 When using large switchgear, stand to the side, not in front of it.
 Use proper lockout procedures.
 Rubber gloves must be electrically tested according to industry standards and the
manufacturer requirements once per year or more frequently. A date stamped on the
gloves, indicating the time of last inspection. In addition, they must be thoroughly
examined and air tested each time before use.
 Wood or fiberglass must be used to prevent electric shock. Wooden ladder should
never be painted because some paint is conductive and may hide defects in the wood.
When operating large switchgear, stand to the side, not in front of it.
 Fire extinguishers of dry chemical or carbon dioxide types must be
used for electrical fires. Multiple purpose dry chemical extinguishers
are the most convenient because they can be used on all types of fire.
Water extinguishers must not be used to fight an electrical fire.
Emergency Action
In case of an electrical shock, these steps are to be taken :
 Remove the victim
 Prevent further injury
 Send for qualified help
 Eliminate the danger
 Report the accident
Remove the victim
Isolate the source of supply. If the voltage cannot be isolated, use loose
dry clothing or non metallic belt to pull the victim away form the source
of supply. The rescuer must used a good insulator to prevent himself
from getting shock. If the victim is in contact with over 750V (High
voltage) use only high voltage safety devices.
Prevent Further Injury
If the victim is breathing without assistance and is out of danger, keep
the person quiet and at rest to help prevent further injury. The patient
may relapse into severe physical shock after apparent recovery if
permitted to move. A victim of electric shock may fall or be thrown and
suffer injuries not directly related to the electric shock. A rescuer must be
aware that attempts to move a victim can severely aggravate back, neck
or other injuries.
Send for Qualified Help
Electric shock may cause a person to stop breathing, cause irregular
heartbeat or stop the heart. If either breathing or heartbeat seems to have
stopped, the victim needs qualified help. Time is critical. A person
trained in first aid and CPR can offer life-saving assistance while waiting
for an ambulance. Even if the person is conscious, breathing and has a
pulse they may have burns, sprains, broken bones or internal injuries.
Call for proper medical attention.

Eliminate the Danger

If one person has already been injured, do not allow the dangerous
condition to persist. Safely eliminate the cause of the injury to prevent
other persons from becoming injured.
Report the Accident
A complete report should be made to your supervisor. These details may
be needed to prevent similar accidents from occurring in the future.
It is recommended that every Electrical worker obtain first aid and CPR
training.
House-Keeping
Effective housekeeping can help control or
eliminate workplace hazards. Poor housekeeping
practices frequently contribute to incidents.
Housekeeping is not just cleanliness. It includes
keeping work areas neat and orderly, maintaining
halls and floors free of slip and trip hazards, and
removing of waste materials(e.g. paper, cardboard)
and other fire hazards from work areas. Effective
housekeeping is an ongoing operation: it is not a
one-time or hit-and-miss clean-up done
occasionally. Periodic "panic" clean-ups are costly
and ineffective in reducing incidents.
Electrical Hazard
You must continually lookout for electrical hazard that might be
obvious to an electrical worker, but go unnoticed by others. These are
some typical electrical hazard found at job sites.
 Cords may be frayed.
 A worker may have removed the ground pin from a plug on a tool.
 Panel cover may be left open, which may exposed live parts.
 Equipment and material may be used for the wrong purpose or in an
unapproved manner.
If the danger cannot be immediately corrected, you should do the
following to help prevent persons from becoming injured:
 Post appropriate warning signs.
 Warn persons in the area.
 Provide physical barriers or suitably guard all hazardous conditions.
General Safeguards
The regulations set out requirements for protection of workers from
dangerous equipment, areas or conditions, such as:
 Protective screens or wire mesh grids to protect workers a11d passers-
by from flying objects
 Safety glass guards on machines to prevent flying chips or splashing
liquids from causing injury
 Moveable shields to separate workers at one grinder, lathe or similar
machine from others in the area
 Barriers around excavations, equipment or covers on holes to prevent
falling or tripping
ELEC-01001/04
Unit:- Electrical Safety

Objective 4: - Describe the use of common hand tools

and equipment related to the electrician trade.
 A Phillips screwdriver has a head with pointed
A Robertson, also known as a square tip edges in the shape of a cross, which fit neatly
screwdriver is used on most combination head into the cross slots of a Phillips screw.
receptacle, switch, and panel screws. Use single-slot screws for carpentry and joinery.

Torx is the trademark for a type of screw head A flat-head screwdriver is a screwdriver with a

with a six-point star intrusion, hence the generic wedge-shaped flat tip, used to tighten or loosen
name star screwdriver. These exist to ensure screws that have a straight, linear notch in their
even more torque can be applied, in mechanical heads
production.
Hand Tools
Doing electrical work takes thought, but using hand tools takes practice.
Having good hand and tool skills makes an electrician more efficient.
Working safely with hand tools in the electrical field is a major skill that
must be continually maintained and practised.
Lineman pliers: a type of pliers Needle-nose pliers: pliers with long,
used by electricians and other slender jaws used for grasping small or
tradespeople primarily for thin objects.
gripping, twisting, bending, and
cutting wire and cable.
Wire strippers: is a small, hand-held Crescent wrench also called an adjustable
device used to strip electrical wrench is useful for turning nuts and bolts
insulation from electric wires. within a certain range of sizes.

Groove Joint Pliers also known Knockout

as tongue and groove pliers are punches are tool
often used for gripping s for creating
irregularly shaped objects. They openings in
can also be used for clamping electrical
materials. They are also cabinets and
commonly used for turning and boxes to run
holding nuts and bolts. conduit, wiring
or cables.
Hacksaw: a fine-tooth hand saw with a blade
held under tension in a frame, used for cutting
materials such as metal or plastics.
Diagonal cutting pliers are used
for cutting wire and small pins in areas that
cannot be reached by larger cutting tools.
Because the cutting edges are diagonally
offset about 15 degrees, these can cut objects
flush with a surface.

Adjustable locking
Torpedo level: a spirit level or bubble level is
pliers are unique
designed to indicate whether a surface is
because they can be
horizontal (level) or vertical (plumb). They
adjusted to a closed
commonly have a magnetic edge to attach to
jaw width and a lock
metal electrical boxes or conduit.
in the closed
position. These pliers
are useful as a hand
held vise.
Pipe wrench are designed to turn
A file is a
threaded pipe and pipe fittings for assembly
tool used to
(tightening) or disassembly (loosening).
remove fine
amounts of
material
from a
workpiece.

Pipe-cutter is a type of tool used by plumbers Pipe reamer's basic job is to remove burrs from
and electrician to cut pvc pipe and pvc conduit the inside of pipes or holes drilled in metal.
pipe. The tool produces a clean cut, and more
convenient way of cutting pipe than using
a hacksaw.
Centre punch is used to mark the centre of a
point. It is usually used to mark the centre of a
hole when drilling holes. A drill has the
tendency to "wander" if it does not start in a
recess. 
Utility knife is a fixed blade knife with a cutting
edge suitable for general work such as cutting
and stripping of insulation.

Cold chisel Wood chisel are used to remove sections of

are suitable wood, but has the wrong tip angle for metal and
for cutting concrete.
steel or
concrete. The
cutting edge
needs to be
sharpened
regularly.
Measuring tape is a flexible ruler used to PVC spring bender allows
 measure size or distance. you to bend PVC conduit
pipe, without the pipe
collapsing or fracturing.

Fish tape: a tool for pulling wires or cables Set screw wrench is used on many pieces of
through conduits and inaccessible spaces. equipment, such as pulleys and levers that are
locked in place with hollow head screws that
have a hexagon shaped hole.
The wire brush is primarily an abrasive
implement, used for cleaning rust and removing
paint. It is also used to clean surfaces and to
create a better conductive area for attaching
electrical connections.
A rivet gun, also known as a rivet hammer or a
pneumatic hammer, is a type of tool used
to drive rivets. Rivet tools are used in a variety
of applications, including repair and
maintenance work, roofing, automotive, and
HVAC industries.

A combination square is a multi-use measuring A claw hammer is a tool primarily used

instrument which is primarily used for ensuring for driving nails into, or pulling nails from,
the integrity of a 90° angle, measuring a 45° some other object.
angle. It can also be used to determine level and
plumb using its spirit level vial. 
A combination wrench, as the name suggests, Pipe vises are used in plumbing to
is a combination of both an open hold pipes or tubing secure while they're cut or
ended wrench as well as a box-ended wrench. threaded.
These can be used to unfasten nuts and bolts
with the box-end, and then separate them
quickly using the open-end.

A ball-peen or ball pein hammer, also known as

a machinist's hammer is used in metalworking
trade.
Hot stick is an insulated pole, usually made
of fiberglass, used by electric utility
workers when engaged on live-line
working on energized high-voltage electric
power lines, to protect them from electric
shock.
Insulating gloves, mats or insulating tools like
hot sticks are life protecting equipment and must
be tested periodically according to the
manufacturers instructions. Gloves are stored in a
protective case so that they are not accidentally
damaged and must be tested every six months.
ELEC-01001/04
Unit:- Electrical Safety

Objective 5: - Describe the use of common power and

specialty tools related to the electrician trade.
Electric Drill
Used primarily for boring holes in nearly all materials, the electric drill
can also be used for a variety of other tasks, facilitated by a number of
accessories and attachments. These include sanding, screw-driving,
grinding, and mixing paint to name but a few. The size of the drill is
determined by the maximum drill bit shank that its chuck can
accommodate.
Cordless Drill
Cordless drill are battery operated and rechargeable, making them more
convenient to use. They are often used as power screwdrivers as well as
drills.
Screw gun
A screw gun is similar to a power
drill, but designed specifically for
driving screws. It automatically
feeds screws from a clip, similarly
to how nail guns feed nails. A
screw gun looks like a drill, but
has a "nose" instead of a chuck.
The nose holds an interchangeable
0.25 inches (6 mm) shank bit,
commonly known as a tip. The
most common type of tip is a 1
inch (25 mm) #2 phillips.
Electric Saws
Jigsaws are used for cutting wood
and metal. They cut holes and odd
shapes in plywood or sheet metal.
Choose the proper blade for the
material being cut.
Reciprocating saws can be used to cut metal or wood. They are usually
used to cut studs, sheathing or pipes that need to be removed or
modified.
Specialty Tools
The safe use of specialty tools includes knowledge about conduits and
tubing benders, pipe dies and threading tools, cable pulling tools,
splicing tools and fuse pullers.
Conduit and Tubing Benders
A manual conduit or tubing bender is a specially shaped tool with the
arc of the bend built in. A channel accepts the conduit or tubing that
helps to prevent it from flattening or kinking during the bending
process. There are several sizes manufactured. Often a bender made for
3
/4" EMT can be used with 1/2" rigid metallic conduit. Generally, one
size of rigid conduit has approximately the same outer diameter as the
next larger size of EMT.
 EMT Bender

Hickey for Rigid Conduit

Ratcheting and electric benders with multi-sized shoes are available.
They can make exact bends with little physical effort. Larger sizes of
conduit are often bent using benders operated by electric hydraulic
pumps.
Pipe Dies and Threading Tools
A die is used to form threads on the outside of a conduit or rod. Dies are
made in one piece for the small sizes, but can be made from many pieces
in the larger sizes. The threads are cut to conform to either metric or
national coarse (NC) sizes for bolts and rods. National fine (NF) thread is
uncommon, but may be found on some bolts. National pipe thread (NPT)
is the standard for conduit threads. Pipe threads are tapered, but bolt and
rod threads are straight.

Tri-stand
Pipe dies with handle
Special handles are made to fit dies. Some die handles have ratchets built
in for easy use. Adjustable pipe dies are larger and more complex than
simple block dies. These are used for conduit 1" and larger. They make a
tapered pipe thread. If the conduit is 2 1/2" or larger, a geared adjustable
die is needed. It is usually driven with a power vise and auxiliary drive
shaft while the conduit being threaded is supported in a separate pipe
vise.
Pipe cutter

Pipe reamer
Fish Tapes
Fish tapes are used for pulling cables into raceways. Once the fish tape
is pushed through a conduit or electrical metallic tubing (EMT), the
conductors are attached to the end and pulled into the raceway. One
person pulls the fish tape and another feeds the conductors into the
conduit. Wire lubricant is used on the cables to reduce friction, making
the task easier without damaging the cable. For larger cables you can
pull a rope into the raceway by the fish tape and use the rope to pull the
cables in. Fish tapes may be steel, nylon or non-conductive fiberglass.
Vacuum/Blower Fish Line Systems
Vacuum/blower fish line systems are used
to vacuum or blow a foam plug that has a
string attached to it into a conduit or
EMT. The plugs come in various sizes to
fit each of the sizes of conduit. A rope or
twine is then pulled in to attach to the
cables. This process can be faster than
trying to push a fish tape through a
conduit. It also cleans out any loose
debris that may be in the raceway. Other
systems use compressed air to blow a
string line into a conduit.
Tuggers
Large cables or long runs can be hard to pull by hand. A tugger is used
to make the task easier and faster. This piece of equipment is like an
electric-powered winch. A rope is wrapped several times around a spool
turned by an electric motor. A gearbox makes the spool turn slowly with
lots of pulling power. The speed of the pull can be regulated by the
tension the person applies to the rope.
Exothermic welding is most commonly used for permanently
joining copper conductors. It is the only acceptable means of bonding
copper to galvanized cable. It can also be used on stainless steel, cast
iron, steel, brass, bronze, and more. If joining two dissimilar
metals, exothermic welding is a good option.
Cable cutters
Cable cutters are a high leverage tool that makes the task of cutting larger
cable easier than using diagonal cutting or linesmen's pliers.
Fuse Pullers
Fuse pullers are used to make the job safer. A fuse puller, made of
insulating material, not only makes replacing fuses safer, but makes it
easier to remove a fuse in an enclosure with limited space.
Electrical testers
Electrical testers confirm whether or not a circuit is energized. They do
not display all the details of a multi-meter, but do indicate voltage or no
voltage. Some can test for continuity and others indicate correct or
incorrect wiring of receptacles.
Lifts
Scissor lifts and articulating arm lifts provide a safe and convenient way
of working at heights. They may be electric powered and designed for
indoor use or gas, propane or diesel powered and designed for outdoor
rough terrain. Follow the safe operating procedures that come with the
equipment.

Cherry Picker Lift

Explosive Actuated Tool
Explosive (or powder)
actuated tools are used for
fastening pins, studs or eyes in
concrete or steel The General
Safety Regulations of the
OHSA require that a user of an
explosive actuated tool must
be properly trained in the use
and maintenance of each
model that they are to operate.