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Semantic Analysis
Semantic Analysis
Semantic Analysis
•Definition: Understanding the meaning of words and phrases in a text after parsing
its syntax.
•Target language: A representation language, including the framework and
vocabulary, depends on the purpose of the natural language understanding system.
•Two types of target languages:
•One designed for language processing with primitives that correspond to language
distinctions.
•One aligned with the requirements of a backend program.
•Role of semantic processing: Creates a target language representation and imposes
constraints based on world knowledge and helps select among competing syntactic
analyses.
•Example: "Is the glass jar peanut butter?" - Semantic processing can impose
constraints to determine if the sentence makes sense based on world knowledge.
Lexical Processing
Consider the sentence "The cat chased the mouse." A Case Grammar for
this sentence would be structured as follows:
• The sentence consists of a subject noun phrase and a predicate verb
phrase.
• The subject noun phrase consists of the determiner "the" and the noun
"cat."
• The predicate verb phrase consists of the verb "chased" and the object
noun phrase.
• The object noun phrase consists of the determiner "the" and the noun
"mouse."
Sentence
/\
/ \
/ \
NP VP
/\ /\
/ \ / \
Det N V NP
| | | /\
the cat chased Det N
| |
the mouse
Conceptual Parsing