HEAT ENERGY

Grade 8 S.Y 2021-2022

Objectives:
1. Differentiate heat and
temperature at molecular level.
2. Describe the scales of
temperature.
3. Describe the effects if heat
is applied to an object.
Do you like cold drink on a hot day? How about hot
soup on a cold day? How do you keep a cold drink
cold and a hot drink hot? You can answer the
“Deep Into Activity” in your module to try how
experts come up with creative ways to keep some
things hot and other things cool.

Today, let’s study the mechanism of heat energy

and how it affects the particles of the given
material.
VOCABULARY
heat Joules
thermal expansion specific heat
temperature
 HEAT is very important in our daily life in
warming the house, cooking, heating the water,
drying the washed clothes, and maintaining our
global temperature.

But, what is the

difference?
 HEAT is……..
• a.k.a THERMAL ENERGY (thermal means heat)
• All materials are made of tiny particles called
molecules.
• Molecules are always moving. (kinetic energy)
• The movement creates heat.
• The faster molecules move, the higher the
temperature.
• As the molecules move faster, they take up
more space and make the object expands.
 When an object is heated, the object expands. This expansion
of material objects on heating is called thermal expansion. On the
other hand, when an object is cooled, the object contracts. This
contraction of material objects is called thermal contraction.
Scales of Temperature
TEMPERATURE CONVERSION FORMULAS:
HEAT ENERGY >>>
 Matter consists of moving particles (atoms
or molecules) which can interact more or less
strongly with one another. The motion of the
particles is increased by raising the
temperature. Because the particles are in
motion, they will have kinetic energy.
 Application:

A fever is the body’s way of

fighting against bacteria and
other harmful invaders. The
body’s thermostat is turned up,
making it generate more heat. In
effect, the body’s temperature
rises, indicating a fever as a sign
of incoming illness or infection.
It is one of the symptoms of
COVID-19.
 Practice Exercise
( 5 items short quiz. Answer in your notebook)
1. Heat is _________________.

A. how hot or cold something is.

B. the sum of all the kinetic and potential energy of
the particles in an object.
C. the flow of energy from a warmer object to a
cooler object.
D. A measure of the average kinetic energy of all
the particles in an object.
2. Specific heat is _________________.

A. the amount of heat required to raise 1 kg of a

substance/material 1o Celsius.
B. the sum of all the kinetic and potential energy of
the particles in an object.  
C. the flow of energy from a warmer object to a
cooler object.
D. A measure of the average kinetic energy of all
the particles in an object.
3. How do the particles move in a liquid
if thermal energy was added to it?

A. very slow then stop

B. fast then slowing down
C. fast then move faster
D. no movement at all
4. Which situation will result in a
decrease in motion of the
particles?

A. solid to gas
B. solid to liquid
C. gas to liquid
D. liquid to gas
5. Which would have greater
thermal energy?

A.a large bowl of hot soup

B.an iceberg
C.both of them have the same
D.neither of them have thermal
energy
ANSWER
KEY:
EXPLAIN:
1.B How heat affects
2. A the particles of a
3. C material?
4. C
5.A