MACHINE

LEARNING
Presented by: Simon Manandhar
Bsc.CSIT 1st Semester
Sec “A”
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
01 05 Challenges of
Introduction
Machine Learning
02 Types of Machine 06 Application of
Learning Machine Learning
03 Working 07
Conclusion
Mechanism of ML

04 Why Machine
Learning
2
Introduction
⬢ Development of computer systems that are capable of
learning without being given explicit instructions by
analyzing data patterns using algorithms.

⬢ Computer-assisted method that allows computers to

solve issues with little or no human intervention and
take actions based on previous observations.[1]

⬢ Discover patterns in data and then make predictions

based on often finding answers to questions, detect
and analyze trends and help solve problems.

3
 Supervised
Learning

Types of
Unsupervised
TYPES
Machine Learning
Learning

Reinforcement
Learning
4
 Supervised Unsupervised Reinforcement
Learning Learning Learning

• Supervised learning: Model • Reinforcement learning agent

trained on labeled data with • Unsupervised learning: Model learns to make decisions by
known inputs and outputs. trained on unlabeled data where interacting with an
[2] only inputs are known. environment.[3]

• Goal: Learn a mapping from • Goal : Discover patterns • Goal: learn a policy that
input data to output labels without output knowledge maximizes the long-term reward
for accurate predictions on
new data.

5
Working Mechanism
Data
Data collection
processing

Model selection Feature

and training engineering

Evaluation and
Deployment
6
7
 8

n
atio cy
tom ien on
Au effic ati
predictions

aliz
and
Accurate

son
Per
improvement
Continuous
g
kin a
n-m
isio d
dec rove n
Im
p
te ct i o
De
ud
Fra
Challenges of machine learning
⬢ Bias and fairness

⬢ Complexity

⬢ Data requirements

⬢ Overfitting[4]

⬢ Dependence on technology

9
APPLICATION
OF MACHINE
LEARNING

10
Conclusion
In conclusion, machine learning has revolutionized the way we
approach data analysis and decision-making. By enabling
algorithms to learn from data and make predictions or decisions
without being explicitly programmed, machine learning has
opened up new possibilities in fields ranging from healthcare to
finance to transportation.
However, machine learning also presents a number of
challenges, including data quality and quantity, interpretability,
overfitting, algorithm selection, computing power, bias and
fairness, and regulatory and ethical concerns. Addressing these
challenges requires a collaborative effort between data scientists,
domain experts, and policymakers.
11
 References
[1] "javapoint.com," [Online]. Available: https://www.javatpoint.com/machine-
learning. [Accessed 05 04 2023].
[2] "elearninginductry," [Online]. Available:
https://elearningindustry.com/machine-learning-process-and-scenarios.
[Accessed 06 04 2023].
[3] "coursera.org," [Online]. Available: https://www.coursera.org/articles/types-
of-machine-learning. [Accessed 04 04 2023].
[4] "edureka.co," [Online]. Available: https://www.edureka.co/blog/machine-
learning-applications/. [Accessed 05 04 2023].
 “
Thank you

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