3 Law of

rd

Thermodynamics
 Problems
1. Calculate ΔS° for the reaction of liquid isooctane C8H18
with O2(g) to give CO2(g) and H2O(g) at 298 K.
 Problems
1. Calculate ΔS° for the reaction of liquid isooctane C8H18
with O2(g) to give CO2(g) and H2O(g) at 298 K.
2. Phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) is a chlorinating agent that is frequently used in
organic chemistry to replace oxygen with chlorine. Given ΔSvap = 93.08 J/(mol·K) and
ΔHvap = 35.2 kJ/mol, does POCl3 spontaneously convert from a liquid to a gas at
110°C? Does it spontaneously crystallize at 0°C if ΔHfus = 34.3 kJ/mol and ΔSfus = 125
J/(mol·K)? Using the information provided, what is the melting point of POCl3?
2. Phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) is a chlorinating agent that is frequently used in
organic chemistry to replace oxygen with chlorine. Given ΔSvap = 93.08 J/(mol·K) and
ΔHvap = 35.2 kJ/mol, does POCl3 spontaneously convert from a liquid to a gas at
110°C? Does it spontaneously crystallize at 0°C if ΔHfus = 34.3 kJ/mol and ΔSfus = 125
J/(mol·K)? Using the information provided, what is the melting point of POCl3?
3. Calculate the standard free-energy change (ΔG°) at 25°C for the reaction H2(g)
+O2(g)⇌H2O2(l) . At 25°C, the standard enthalpy change (ΔH°) is −187.78 kJ/mol,
and the absolute entropies of the products and reactants are S°(H2O2) = 109.6
J/(mol·K), S°(O2) = 205.2 J/(mol·K), and S°(H2) = 130.7 J/(mol·K). Is the reaction
spontaneous as written?
4.
5. A sample consisting of 1 mole of Argon is taken through the following cyclic
process: a) Isobaric expansion at 1 atm from 25 to 50 liters. b) Isochoric cooling at
50 liters from 1 to 0.5 atm. c) Isothermal compression to the initial state. Calculate
∆S, ∆G, ∆A for each step and for the cycle. Argon may be considered ideal gas with
Cv=3/2R, Cp=5/2R, and S°298=154.84 J/mol K.

Assignment
Thank You.