Social Disorganization

Theory
Submitted by:
Jet Paulo Angue
Kristel Cabana
Jessa Dimapilis
Rosalie Dalisay
Christian Marjes
Harvey Torralba
Raffy Ona
Naedine Prado
Social Disorganization Theory
This focuses on the urban
conditions that affect crime
rates;focuses on the development of
high crime areas in which there is a
disintergration of conventional values
caused by rapid industrialization,
increase migration and urbanization
It was popularized by two
Chicago sociologists, Clifford
Shaw and Henry Mckay, who
linked transitional slum
areas the inclination to
commit crime
 Concept of Social
Disorganization theory
is a theoretical perspective that explains ecological
differences in levels of crime based on structural and
cultural factors shaping the nature of the social order
across communities. This approach narrowed the focus
of earlier sociological studies on the covariates of urban
growth to examine the spatial concentration and
stability of rates of criminal behavior.
Social Disorganization :Theory
its history and relevance to
Crime Prevention
SStudies in criminology consistently demonstrate
that crime and other social problems tend to
cluster in particular
Studies types
in criminology of neighborhoods.
consistently demonstrateSocial
that crime
disorganization
and other socialtheory
problemsandtendits more contemporary
to cluster in particular types
reformulations
of neighborhoods.contend
Social these neighborhoods
disorganization theory and its
providemorefertile ground for
contemporary the development
reformulations of
contend these
neighborhoods providechapter
serious crime.This fertile ground
reviewsfor the development
social
of serious crime.This
disorganization theory chapter reviews social
and considers thedisorganization
utility of
theory and considers the utility of this theory in crime
this prevention
theory in crime prevention
initiatives, with a focusinitiatives, with aArea
on the Chicago
focus onand
Project theother
Chicago Areathat
programs Project
focusand other the
on enhancing
programscapacity
that focus on enhancing
of local the capacity
residents to prevent crime. of
It concludes with the limits of social
disorganization theory and notes
the difficulties associated with
engaging communities and
maintaining the involvement of the
community in crime prevention
efforts in areas that need them the
most.
Social Disorganization
and Rural Communities
Social disorganization is defined as an inability of community
members to achieve shared values or to solve jointly experienced
problems (Bursik, 1988). In recent decades, the themes of social
disorganization theory have been more clearly articulated and
extended by Kornhauser (1978), Bursik and Grasmick (1993), and
Sampson and Groves (1989). Shaw and McKay traced social
disorganization to conditions endemic to the urban areas that were
the only places the newly arriving poor could afford to live, in
particular, a high rate of turnover in the population (residential
instability) and mixes of people from different cultural backgrounds
(ethnic diversity). Shaw and McKay's analyses relating delinquency
rates to these structural characteristics established key facts about
the community correlates of crime and delinquency, and their work
remains useful today as a guide for efforts to address crime and
delinquency at the community level.
 Extending social
Disorganization
Current versions of social disorganization theory assume that
strong networks of social relationships prevent crime and
delinquency (Kornhauser, 1978; Bursik and Grasmick, 1993;
Sampson and Groves, 1989). When most community or
neighborhood members are acquainted and on good terms with
one another, a substantial portion of the adult population has
the potential to influence each child. The larger the network of
acquaintances, the greater the community's capacity for
informal surveillance (because residents are easily distinguished
from outsiders), for supervision (because acquaintances are
willing to intervene when children and juveniles behave
unacceptably), and for shaping children's values and interests.
According to the current theory, community characteristics such
as poverty and ethnic diversity lead to higher delinquency rates
because they interfere with community members' abilities to
work together.
 Causes of Social
Disorganization

Elliott and Merrill has ascribed the four main causes

for the disorganization-The social processes under the
three main heads-cultural, political and economic
Cultural lag
Conflicting attitudes and values
Social crises
Referrences

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