Week

I. Nature of Mathematics:
PART 2
This week, let - Mathematical Language and syntax and rules
us talk about - Characteristics of Mathematical Language
- Expressions vs Sentences
the following: - Conventions in the mathematical language
- Four Basic Concepts: sets, relations, functions, binary operations

Mr. Armando U. Miranda Jr., MATM 111 Instructor

 Relations and Functions
Relation – is a set of ordered pairs (x, y).
Examples:
A = {(0, 1), (1,2), (2, 3), (3, 4)}
B = {(STEM, Engineering), (ABM, Business Economics), (HUMSS,
AB Philosophy), (GAS, BS Education)}
Function – is a relation in which repetition of any element of its
domain is not allowed. “Bawal umulit si x (1st coordinate)”
Examples:
C = {(0, 0), (-1,1), (1, 1), (-2, 4), (2, 4)} is a function.
D = {(0, 0), (1, -1)), (1, 1), (4, -2), (4, 2)} is not a fcn.
Types of Relation:
One-to-one Ex: President to country (Function)
Many-to-one Ex: Students to teacher (Function)
One-to-many Ex: Priest to mass parishioners (Not a function)
 RECITATION

1. What is the domain of and range of the following relations?

{(-2,2),(2,2),(3,3),(4,20),(5,15)}
Domain=
Range =
2. What is the domain and range of the following relations?
{(-6,6),(1,-4),(4,-6),(3,20),(19,59)}
Domain =
Range =
 RECITATION
 3. Which relations below are functions?
 Relation 1 : {(-1,3),(-2,5),(1,2),(-4,-12)}
 Relation 2 : {(-1,3),(3,5),(6,7),(8,9)}
 Relation 3 : {(3,9),(4,5),(6,7),(9,8)}
 Ans.
 4. Which relations below are functions?
 Relation 1 : {(3,5),(4,6),(6,8),(8,10)}
 Relation 2 : {(3,4),(4,6),(6,8),(8,10)}
 Relation 3 : {(8,1),(4,5),(6,7),(8,9)}
 Relation 4 ; {(-1,1),(2,3),(0,0),(8,9)}
 Ans.
 BINARY OPERATION
 A binary operation in a set S is a way of assigning every ordered pair of elements , a and b,
from the set , a unique response called c, where c is also from set S.

 Binary Operations includes addition, subtraction, multiplication , and division.

 The value f(x) is obtained upon assigning a specific value for x. The variable x represents the
independent variable and variable y represents the dependent variable.
 Given y=f(x) and let a in the domain of f. Then f(a) represents ther second element in the pair
of domain of f, or the value of the function at x=a. The value of f(a) is obtained by replacing a
in f(x).
 BINARY OPERATION
 Examples:
 1. Let f(x) = f ( x)  2 x 3  3 x 2  5 x  2 Find:
 a) f(1) b) f(-1) c) f(-3)
 Solution:
 BINARY OPERATION
4x
 2. f ( x)  Find : a) f(2) b) f(1/3) c) f(a + b)
4x  x

 Solution:
 BINARY OPERATION
 A binary operation on a set is a calculation involving two elements of the
set to produce another elemt of the set.
 Given two functions : f(x) and g(x), then
 1. Sum of two functions : f(x) + g(x)
 2. Difference of two functions : f(x) – g(x)
 3. Product of two functions : f(x)*g(x)
 4. Quotient of two functions : f(x)/g(x) is not equal to 0.
 BINARY OPERATION
 Example :
 Given : f ( x)  x 2  1and g ( x)  x 2  x
 Compute:
 1. f(x) + (g(x)
 2. f(x) – g(x)
 3. f(x)*g(x)
 4. f(x)/g(x), is not equal to 0
 Solution:
 1. f(x) + (g(x)
 BINARY OPERATION
 2. f(x) – g(x) 3. f(x)*g(x) 4. f(x)/g(x), is not equal to 0

 End of
Discussion
Do you have any questions? If none, you may start doing your
offline activity:
Your Performance Task #2 is already published in CANVAS.
Apply your learned concepts on Language of Mathematics
and the concepts on sets, relations and functions.