Strategic Current Leading Internal

Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to

Solutions zation Challenges the Future

hmoop
S trateg
s
Presents
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Envisioning road safety -

UPSRTC
- A n o u t s i d e - i n p e r s p e c t i v e

W e a r e h e r e
A. Preliminary Analysis B. Detailed Solution C. To-be implementation
 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

UPSRTC Strategic Priorities

External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

Imm edi at e acti on steps required to address the growing problem of road acci dents in UP

Corporation Overview Reasons for the problem

Motto: “Provision of adequate, efficient, well-coordinated, comfortable and economical
services to our passengers, while earning enough for self-sustenance & growth.”

Founded in 1947 (59 yrs) Profitability: 123cr. (#1 in states)

Fleet 12.4K+ Daily top line: 12cr per day Vehicular Condition
Human Error Road Intervention
Daily ridership 1.8Million+ Bus stations under purview: 300+  Failure to yield right of way & failing to obey traffic signals together cause 11% of fatal
accidents
 Inadequacy to meet traffic demands, accident likelihood 35% higher in un-marked blind
Problem Overview
turns
Alarm: The loss of lives due to road Alarm: Ceteris paribus, at current growth
accidents cause 3% loss of the state trend, unfortunately UP will become the  62% Fatalities involve heavy vehicles like Trucks & Buses, mainly due to outdated
GDP to Uttar Pradesh annually. state with highest road accidents by 2025.” fleet, low maintenance
Emerging priorities
for UPSRTC
18% 18% 18%
10.3 Lacs Karnataka UPSRTC Strategic priorities
Kerala 18% 21% 22%
15%

UP 18%
20% 22%
1.5 Lacs
22% Quality Road Safety Practices Service Efficiencies Operational-Financial Feasibility
MP 22%
15% 21%
Embracing innovative road Efficiently provide services and Delivering impact in a simple
TN 25% 20% practices to ensure passenger continuously improving quality yet efficient and cost-effective
17% safety & well-being & adopt best practices manner
0.22 Lacs
2019 2022 2025E

Source: Team analysis; Batrakova (2015) Influence of Road Conditions on Traffic Safety; Gupta, Kaur (2021) Impacts of Road Condition, Traffic and Manmade Features on Road Safety; UPSRTC website; The Times of India
 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

Evaluation of Current Measures

External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

Details
Asses si ng the current safety measures in place and suggest i ng i mprovements to the same

Driver Training & Skill Dos & Don’ts: Alcohol Medical Check-ups & Advanced
development Testing Worker Safety preventive practices

Evaluation
Criteria

Strategic benefits

Operational ease

Financial requirement

Technology adoption

Manpower need

Pain Points Overworked drivers Customized requirements Frequent break-down of Reckless driving by other
Identified pain needing rest & sleep for Intra & Inter city travel buses enroute vehicle drivers
points through
primary
interviews with Workshops for technical Real time data update by Add regular eye check- Supplement with modern
stakeholders Measures for awareness location ups to schedule technology
& experts
Improvement Conductor training for in- Flash list of best Complement with safety Collaborate with startups to
vehicle safety practices on screens drills acquire skills

Source: Expert interviews; Team analysis Please refer “Voice of Experts” slide in the annexure for further details.
 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

Benchmarking Best Practices

External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

Viewing the best- in- class practi ces to t ry and learn key nuances regardi ng the problem at hand
Emerging focus areas for Uttar Pradesh What top 3 states in India are doing ?
Impressive initiatives
by states leading by
Deteriorating Driving Increasing Environmental example
Fast Urbanization
Conditions
ITS demonstration stretch
Pressures Gujarat between Surat & Hariza
LOCAL Benchmarking

providing junction mgmt.

• •
Urbanization and income growth
drive cities’ population, and
commuting distances & times
Tightening Regulations
• Multiple regulations are being
deployed to restrict road access or
favor low-emission vehicles
• Traffic congestion, road safety
issues & lack of parking spaces
impacting driving experience
Improving Public
Transport
• Major investments in infrastructure
have improved the coverage,
reliability and comfort
Air quality has become a major gadgets & lane violation
concern, increasing awareness to monitoring cameras
alternative solutions Rajasthan
Forgiving roads, black
spot removals, retrofitted
Fast Penetration of New vehicles, road safe education in
Technologies education boards
Kerala
1st State in the country
• Fast adoption of new mobile to establish Road Safety
applications to plan, book and Authority to ensure 4E’s of
enhance mobility experience road safety

What leading countries are doing?

India still 5-6 years Automatic speed control Zero Emission Vehicle
GLOBAL Benchmarking

behind in the road through mobile Executive Order, 2018

safety era cameras
Aim to put zero emission
Proved quite effective in vehicles and infra on road
Scandinavian countries

Cross Generation
Speeding Speed Indication
Project Devices
People across 3 To raise driver awareness pf
generations meet to learn their travel speeds and other
about road safety actuated flashing signs used
at intersections

Source: Boston Consulting Group; Constructionworld, Team analysis

 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

Recommendations ~ Internal
External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

Viewing the i nternal environment under UPSRTC control to recomm end acti onabl e steps

1
Vehicle Procurement Policies 2 Standards & Maintenance 3 Technological
Upgradation
 58% of annual purchases from licensed &  Go beyond the Bus Body Code and the  Strive for newer, safer & fuel efficient technologies
approved vehicle manufacturers such as ABS standard for commercial vehicles to like adaptive cruise control, front impact protection
TELCO & Ashok Leyland include CCTV cameras, etc. learning from pioneers like Volvo

 Adopt strict tenure policies for  All tyres must meet the requirements of rolling  Install GPS devices & speed trackers on all vehicles
depreciation & replacement of vehicles assistance, wet grip, rolling sound with real time data updates to follow with prompt
to ensure no obsolescence emissions in adherence to the AIS action

FF
FF OV FF OV

4 OV
Workload Management
5 Day-to-day Operations Control 6 Supervision & Skill Development
 Prepare benefits package for drivers to
ensure their loyalty & commitment  Strict vigilance on normal operations  Set up training teams for regular workshops &
towards the organization including part replacements & new modules explaining new technology and better
equipment practices of day to day functioning
FF OV
 Automated & cloud based daily  Control running capacity of vehicles to
scheduling to confirm proper shift prevent overcrowding which might lead to OEMs &
changes & distributed working hours disbalance Annual Spend: Vehicle man.
58%
₹650 Mn on Spare parts Tires &
FF ₹500 Mn on Renovation retreading man.
FF OV OV
Source: Team analysis; Batrakova (2015) Influence of Road Conditions on Traffic Safety; Gupta, Kaur (2021) Impacts of Road Condition, Traffic and Manmade Features on Road Safety; UPSRTC website; The Times of India
 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

Recommendations ~ External
External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

Viewing the broader envi ronm ent to suggest pot ent ial courses of action involvi ng mul ti pl e s t akeh ol ders

7
Road Infrastructure 8 Other Vehicles 9 Awareness & society
 Glareinvolvement
minimization techniques:  Enforce ethical & responsible driving  Mobilize the masses and conduct awareness
-Trees on dividers mechanisms on other vehicles on the road: workshops across educational institutions, community
-Proper distancing of hoardings & banners -Over-Speeding gatherings, etc. with the help of both state and non-
-Road studs & arrows for better markings -Driving under intoxication influence, etc. state Samaritan agencies
FF OV
 Road guardrails & barricades using  First aid kits and training for our drivers and
advanced shapes & metals for absorbing conductors to provide first response 4 Es to ensure safety
shock upon impact and reducing damage medical aid to other people on the road
EDUCATIO
 Lobby with law & transport agencies to retrofit
N
 Separate lane markings for Buses &
other vehicles with safety equipment like
heavy vehicles to ensure easy stoppages,
especially on intra city routes
ABS, seatbelts & under run protection devices ENGINEERING
(FUPD, SUPD, RUPD, etc.)

 Proper marking of crossings, potential  Educate and propagate the concepts of ENFORCEMENT
blind spots & blackspots and heavy ‘Self Explaining Roads’ & ‘Forgiving
pedestrian traffic areas including speed Roads’ to reduce wrong way & minimize
breakers to ensure speed control violations in line with global practices
EMERGENCY
CARE
 Roadside amenities for drivers at regular  Mandate vehicle safety standards such as
intervals on highways like repair assistance, airbags & knee protection mechanisms to
food outlets, restrooms, etc. reduce fatalities

FF
FF OV
Source: Team analysis; Batrakova (2015) Influence of Road Conditions on Traffic Safety; Gupta, Kaur (2021) Impacts of Road Condition, Traffic and Manmade Features on Road Safety; UPSRTC website; The Times of India
 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

Feasibility Assessment
External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

Crit i cal evaluati on of the f eas i bi l i t y of recomm ended actions under a self - developed f ramework

Overall Financial Feasibility Operational Feasibility

Recommendations Score Cost Yield /

Time
Resis
Risk Return Impleme
tance

ntation
Vehicle

1. Vehicle procurement & Replacement

2. Standards & Vehicle maintenance

3. Technological upgradation
Human

4. Driver benefits & Workload management

5. Day-to-Day Operations control

6. Supervision & Skill development

Screened out 3
recommendation post
Ecosystem

financial & operational

infeasibility as per our
7. Road Infrastructure development framework i.e., in lines
with UPSRTC objectives
8. Other Vehicles control
Source: Expert interviews; Team analysis Please refer “Solution Gameboard” slide in the annexure for further details.
 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

Prioritization
External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

Summarizing the pr i ori t i zat i on m et hodol ogy adopted and chal king out an i ndi cat ive future roadmap:

Implementation Confidence Impact Effort Score Formula Used

Recommendation Reach
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
11. Vehicle Procurement & Replacement 3 14 𝐑𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐡 × 𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐭 × 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐟𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞
𝐄𝐟𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐭
232. Standards & Vehicle Maintenance 4 18
= 𝐑𝐈𝐂𝐄 𝐬𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐞
33. Technological Upgradation 4 8

6 Prioritized top
43. Benefits & Workload Management 2 recommendations
objectively to facilitate
5 4. Day to day operations & Control 3 12 UPSRTC management in
decision making
96. Social Awareness & Inclusion 4 18

Implement Maintenance To-be future roadmap

& regular up-keep Keep track of spare parts
measures and renovation practices for
fair and transparent
contracts
Launch tech adoption Tweak long term policies on vehicle
programs for improved procurement and replacement for
Increase Awareness through efficiency & data improved fleet management
collaboration and mgmt.
social
inclusion
Introduce HR policies with Build a safe & sustainable
larger benefits for drivers ecosystem with the help of
expecting loyalty & all stakeholders
commitment
Source: Team analysis
 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

Impact Assessment
External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

Eval uat ing the expect ed impact of suggest ions and mapping them to c learly i dent ify level of required focus
Identifying the variables behind Road Traffic Mortality
Stakeholder & Power Mapping Ease of implementation
Stakeholder / Pillar Educate Regulate Incentivise Mandate
Exposure Factors Mitigating
Variables

Preventive Measures Legislators

Factors Strength
Policies & Investment
Vehicle density of the transportation Regulators
in public infra
Road density & health system
Rating Agencies

Level of influence
Insurance Companies
Passenger Forums
Outcome

Passenger / OEMs
Car Owner Road Traffic Mortality
Tier 1 Suppliers

Perceptual Map showing position of proposed solutions Maturity Assessment

3
2
9 1
Direct Impact

5
4
7
8
6

Time Commitment & Efforts

Source: Team analysis Please refer “Solution Gameboard” & “Maturity Assessment” slide in the annexure for further details.
 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

Risks and Challenges

External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

I dent i fy i ng potenti al r isks and s ugg es t i ng mi t igat i on strategies to counter roadblocks

Potential Risks Implementation Challenges

1 Slow Road surface area growth: High Road infrastructure: High
 Difficult terrains with sharp curves creating natural blind spots
 Motor vehicles growing at 10% CAGR, with growth in road network  High accident-prone blackspots on highways etc.
only 4%
Mitigation: Adopting leading global practices while infra planning & investment
 Challenge to expand road area, specially in urban areas requiring
displacement Medium
Policy & Regulation:
Medium
2 People are averse to  Strong lobbying by corporations against mandatory vehicle safety laws
change:
 Tech advancements and additional rules might be hard for people to accept
Mitigation: Increasing the enforcement score by strict vigilance and
forming a nodal authority to undertake frequent audits
 Though for their own safety, general people might overlook the safety
standards and bypass rules – very hard
to ensure compliance Stakeholder management: Low

 Vast variety of parties involved with different expectations

3 Political motives might hinder strong Medium  Inadequate formalization leading to operating in silos & conflict of
interest
policies
 Undue pressure from large lobby groups and Mitigation: Involving stakeholder participation across levels and concrete
Identified roadblocks metrics to measure results

Blackspots Data Disparities

Road Congestion Infra & Regulation Coordination Difficulties in data collection: Medium
 Inconsistencies in data collection practices
 Federal structure differentiation & variability leading to tampering with
numbers
More than 30% of the road accidents can be achieved only by pursuing recommended
quick wins
Source: Expert interviews; Team analysis
 Strategic Current Leading Internal
Priorities Measures Practices Solutions

Implementation Roadmap
External Prioriti- Risk & Inroads to
Solutions zation Challenges the Future

Proposi ng a three- step approach towards an inclusi ve & evolved road safety envi ronment

Eras of Road Safety Phased approach for introducing changes

0-12 Months
Quick Wins: Medium Term: Long Run:
Stringent regulations,
• More vigilance
• Setting up internal • Introduction of Setting up &
01 &increased awareness
committee & road safety allocation of road
appointing Chief education pilot safety fund,
safety officer to projects in rural partially funded by
periodically review areas the fines
collected 12-36 Months
undertaken
measures • Eliminating high ensuring
risk stretches complete Infrastructural
transparency improvement & use of
• Reflective tapes i.e., black spots on technology for better
be put as state highways; and practices; proper
prescribed as per installing Speed • Improving Road training & skill
02
AIS 090 calming Marking & development
standards to measures / Signals as per
increase night signals IRC standards
visibility
• Compulsory • Stringent fitness 36+ Months
• Implement In-use installation of GPS test for heavy
Vehicles- in Commercial vehicles including
trucks, school Enhance Stakeholder
Inspection & Vehicles participation &
certification buses accountability, adopt
regime globally accepted best
practices, data
03
management
Human focus Road Infra focus Vehicle focus

Source: Boston Consulting Group; Team analysis

ANNEXUR
E
 Road Safety as a Top Priority for UPSRTC
Imm ediat e action steps required to address the growing problem of road accidents in UP

Problem identification Evaluating Safety measures Recommendations & Rationale

Driver Training & Skill development Feasi Implem-
1.2 Mn killed & 20-50 Mn injured Actionable steps
-bility entation
- Needs to be backed up by incentives &
in Road accidents every year
rating system based on feedback GLARE MINIMIZATION:
Death every 2.7 Minutes due to Dos & Don’ts; Alcohol Testing
road accidents Trees on road dividers
- Not enough without proper vigilance of
on-the-road activities
Proper distance of hoardings
UP 3rd in India clocking >42k
road accidents in 2018, 2019 Medical Check-ups; Worker Safety
- Attempt to build long term association Road Studs for better
ensuring loyalty & commitment marking
Primary reasons Seatbelts & preventive practices BUS OPERATIONS:

Failure to yield right of way & - Needs to be supplemented by automated

tech & devices like sensors Check Overcapacity running
failing to obey traffic signals
together cause 11% of fatal
accidents
Mark bus lanes in urban areas
Percolating issues
Improve vehicle standards
Over-worked Frequent (airbags, damage upon impact, etc)
drivers break-down
Road status

62% Fatalities needing rest & of buses

Inadequacy to meet involve heavy sleep enroute DEVELOP AMENITIES:
traffic demands, accident vehicles like Trucks
likelihood 35% higher & Buses, mainly Customized Reckless Roadside assistance for repair
in un-marked blind due to outdated requirements driving by
turns fleet, low for Intra & other vehicle
Toilets / Food stations
maintenance Inter city travel drivers
Source: Team analysis; Batrakova (2015) Influence of Road Conditions on Traffic Safety; Gupta, Kaur (2021) Impacts of Road Condition, Traffic and Manmade Features on Road Safety; UPSRTC website; The Times of India
 Roadmap to Better & Safer Transport Ecosystem
Proposi ng a t hree- step approach t owards an i nclus ive & evolved road safety environment

Quick Wins:
• Setting up internal
committee & appointing
Chief safety officer to
periodically review
undertaken measures
• Reflective tapes be put
as prescribed as per AIS
090 standards to increase
night visibility
• Implement In-use
Vehicles- Inspection &
certification regime
Human focus
Infrastructural
improvement & use of
Stringent technology for better
regulations, More practices
vigilance &increased
awareness
01
0-12 Months
Source: Team analysis
Medium Term: Long Run: Offline Awareness campaign for road safety
• Introduction of road • Setting up & allocation of improvement Mobile vans for rural reach
Mass Awareness Communication
safety education pilot road safety fund, Village wise loudspeaker &
Messaging on hoardings, amenities,
projects in rural areas partially funded by the
etc. to maximize viewership screening campaigns
fines collected ensuring
• Eliminating high risk complete transparency
stretches i.e., black Institute Programs “Drive Safe Dad” Campaign
spots on state highways; • Improving Road Educational institutes To emotionally connect with
and installing Speed Marking & Signals as hosting informative events males w.r.t. their children
calming measures / per IRC standards
signals Road Safety workshops Alliances to mobilize crowd
• Stringent fitness test for Tie up with corporates & Partner with NGOs, UN
• Compulsory installation heavy vehicles
businesses for 7 day events agencies etc. for volunteers
of GPS in Commercial including trucks, school
Vehicles buses
Competitions, etc. Data Sharing
Road Infra focus Vehicle focus Community engagement & idea Live dashboard & numbers for all
generation through regional programs stakeholders showing impact
Enhance Stakeholder participation &
accountability, adopt globally Building a Safe Ecosystem
accepted best practices with more
emphasis on data management Involve the business & society stakeholders to
move towards model of shared responsibility
Drivers to get proper employment benefits &
rewards basis periodic performance review
Inter-city travel to possess newer &
better fleet meeting comfort as well as
impact damage criteria
02 03 High traffic cities like Varanasi to adopt
road markings & strict punishments
12-36 Months 36+ Months
on violation of traffic rules / practices
 Solution Gameboard
Mapping the reco mm en dat i ons by priority to i denti fy focus areas

Vehicle Orientation Human Orientation

Ecosystem Orientation
1 Vehicle Procurement & replacement priority Benefits & Workload Management priority 8 Other Vehicle Control priority
4
Adopt better policies to improve on road vehicle Smart scheduling to account for adequate breaks & Attempt to control other vehicles on the road avoiding
conditions manage workload efficiently collision or distraction

Social Awareness & Inclusion priority

Standard & Vehicle Maintenance priority
2 9
Regular up-keep & strict standards on critical parts like Mobilize the masses & sensitize them on road safety
tires

Day-to-day Operations & Control priority

5
Control running capacity and keep a check on spare parts and their replacement keeping in mind the quality standards

Supervision & Skill Development priority

6
Train bus drivers & keep them updated on latest
changes

3 Technological Upgradation priority

Adopting newer technology & best practices from around the world to facilitate better tracking and action mechanism across the large & densely populated state of Uttar Pradesh

Road & Infrastructure Development priority

7
Collaborate with various state and non- state agencies to build an entire road environment which will prevent a lot of the unwanted road accidents from even happening
 Maturity Assessment

Strategic Fit Low High

Operational Fit Low High

Financial Fit Low High

Technology Fit Low High

Manpower Fit Low High

Overall Fit Low High

As-is State (Actual) To-be State (Intended)

Highlighting the extent of road safety problem
Recog ni zi n g the need of i mmedi at e acti on & eval uat ing exist i ng mi ti gat i on f rameworks

Uttar Pradesh
• Population: 21 crores Institutional Framework
Central Body Ministry of Road Transport & Highways
• Income Group: Low State Body UPSRTC
Funded in national budget □
• Road accident mortality: 0.02%
Road Safety Strategy □
Measurable Targets □
Problem in Numbers
Funded by State □
Reported road traffic fatalities 42,572
Legislation
Reported non-fatal injuries 1,91,574
A. Speeding
Vehicle Standards Speed limits set Subnationally
Requirement of standards on Maximum limit urban □
- Fuel consumption roads Enforcement score 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
□
- Seatbelt installation for all seats □ B. Drink & drive
BAC-limit 0.03g/dl
Road Safety Audits Breadth testing checkpoints □
□ Road dealths involving alcohol 36%
Formal audits of new projects
Enforcement score 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Regular audits □
C. Seatbelt/ Helmet law
Post Crash Care Applies to all □
Publicly available hospital care □ Safety standard maintained □
State universal access number □ Wearing rate 28%
Enforcement score 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Enforcement score 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
 Involving society by generating awareness
Proposi ng a three- step approach towards an inclusi ve & evolved road safety envi ronment

Path to the future Offline Awareness campaign for road safety improvement

Mass Awareness Communication Mobile vans for rural reach

Expanded
Public Private Capability Messaging on hoardings, amenities, Village wise loudspeaker &
Engagement Development etc. to maximize viewership screening campaigns

“Drive Safe Dad” Campaign

Institute Programs To emotionally connect with
Educational institutes males with respect to their
hosting informative events children
Improved Road Safety

Sustainable Road Safety workshops Alliances to mobilize crowd

Development Goal Tie up with corporates & Partner with NGOs, UN
Integration businesses for 7 day events agencies etc. for volunteers
Safe System
Approach

Strengthened Road
Safety Pillars
Competitions, etc. Data Sharing
Community engagement & idea Live dashboard & numbers for all
generation through regional programs stakeholders showing impact
Improved Road Safety

Source: Team analysis

 Understanding the four pillars of road safety
Mapping of ident i fied pillars with the environmental vari ables to develop a act i onable mat rix of priorit i es

Area
SOPs Enforcement Education Technology
Pillar

Awareness Supportive technology,

Clear traffic SOPs Lawful behavior raising
Safe User for driver and ensured by authorities
equipment, rules,
training and reminders
staff examination

Certification & Awareness raising for Intelligent road

Standards for admission
Safe Vehicle of vehicles to traffic
inspection by qualified public, training for systems, compliance
inspectors inspectors reminders

Standard for deign, Audit, assessment &

Awareness raising for Forgiving and self
Safe Road construction, inspection by qualified
road managers explaining road design
maintenance teams

Standards for data Oversight of rescue

Effective Post-Crash collection, response services &
First aid and rescue Supportive technology
Response service training and equipment
& investigation investigators

Source: Team analysis; World Health Organization, Cdn.WHO.int