What’s up for WEEK 1 Week 1

of MATM 111?
1. The Mission Vision of Our Lady of Fa-
tima University and Its Core Values
2. The Nature of Mathematics
a. Nature of Mathematics
b. Patterns and Numbers in Nature and the
World
c. Fibonacci Sequence (Finding the nth
term)

Engr. Nora G. Yulo

MATM 111 Instructor
 OLFU Mission Vision
Welcome to Our Lady of Fatima University! As a
Fatimanian, it is important for a freshman like you to know
the school’s mission and vision. Below are the statements of
its mission and vision.

MISSION
The Our Lady of Fatima
University, together with Fatima
Medical Science Foundation, Inc.,
is dedicated to the improvement of
man as man through the holistic
formation of individuals imbued
with knowledge, skills and virtues.
VISION
A premier inclusive
university of choice aspiring to
improve man as man by
developing individuals through
a legacy of excellent education
and compassionate value
formation.
 CORE VALUES
The challenge is left to all the members of the OLFU community as
each makes his/her contributions. You, as a Fatimanian student is part
of it. You are expected to know and imbibe the following CORE VALUES
that a FATIMANIAN should have.
 GETTING TO KNOW MATHEMATICS
? What is ? Where is
Mathematics? Mathematics?

It is
everywhere . . .

It’s purpose is to help us unravel the puzzle of

? What role does
Mathematics play
nature, a useful way to think about nature. It organizes
patterns and regularities as well as irregularities. It
helps us control weather and epidemics. It provides new
in your world? questions to think about.
 GETTING TO KNOW MATHEMATICS
? What is ? Where is
Mathematics? Mathematics?

It is a formal system of
thought for recognizing,
classifying, and exploiting of
patterns. It is composed of It is
numbers, symbols, notations,
operations, equations, and everywhere . . .
functions. It involves process and
thingification of processes.

It’s purpose is to help us unravel the puzzle of

? What role does
Mathematics play
nature, a useful way to think about nature. It organizes
patterns and regularities as well as irregularities. It
helps us control weather and epidemics. It provides new
in your world? questions to think about.
NATURE OF MATHEMATICS
Mathematics, as many say, is a
difficult subject. It covers so many
principles, theories and concepts
involving man’s logical and critical
thinking skills. Because of this, people
are asking, “How did these concepts
evolve? Does each of these principles
have basis? Is Mathematics discovered
or invented?”
 
Mathematicians say that several
patterns among nature can be observed.
Patterns are regular, repeated or
recurring forms or designs. It is an
arrangement which helps observers
anticipate what might see or what
happen next. Look at the images of
nature to the right. 
 PATTERNS IN NATURE
Picture 1 shows the spirals of
a snail. This special spiral is
exactly that of the nautilus
shell and of certain snails. This
can alse be seen in various types
of nature such as flowers and
webs.
 PATTERNS IN NATURE

Picture 2 shows the

honeycomb. If the honeycomb is
too worn out, the wax can be
reused in a number of ways,
including making sheets of comb
foundation with
hexagonal pattern. Another
example of hexagonal pattern is
a snowflake.
 PATTERNS IN NATURE
Picture 3 shows the stripes of a fish. Like other animals, fish
stripes and spots attest to mathematical regularities in
biological growth and form. These evolutionary and functional
arguments explain why these animals need their patterns, but
it is not explained how patterns are formed.
 PATTERNS IN NATURE
Picture 4 shows water
dropped with ripple. Just like
intricate waves across the ocean,
sand dunes on the deserts, and
formation of typhoon, they serve
as clues to the rules that govern
the flow of water, sand and air.
These are just some of the
patterns that we can see among
nature. Patterns in nature are
visible regularities of form found
in the natural world and can also
be seen in the universe.
 TESSELATIONS
A TESSELLATION is created
when a shape is repeated over
and over again covering a plane
without any gaps or overlaps.
Tessellations are iterative,
repeating patterns. They can be
seen among nature such as in
turtle shells, honeycombs, fish
scales, and pineapples.
FRACTALS

FRACTALS are infinitely
complex patterns that are
self-similar across different
scales. They are created by
repeating a simple process
over and over in an ongoing
feedback loop.
 SYMMETRY
SYMMETRY is seen everywhere. People, animals, plants,
everything on the earth and outside is symmetrical. Symmetry
is nature's artwork that creates harmony and balance. Objects
like leaves, fruits, animals, insects, spider webs, flowers and so
many more are good examples of symmetrical images. There are
also objects which are non-symmetrical like an arrow, coffee cup
and rocks.
 PATTERNS IN MATHEMATICS
Just like in nature, there are also
patterns in Mathematics. Consider the
following. Can you tell what the next
number/letter/figure in the sequence
below is?

5, 17, 29, 41, 53, . . . 65

ANSWER: In the number pattern,

notice that to obtain the next number
we must add 12 to the previous
number. Therefore, the next number
should be 65.
 PATTERNS IN MATHEMATICS

AB, DEF, IJKL, PQRST, . . .YZABCD

ANSWER: In the letter pattern, the

number of letters in each term increases
by 1 as it progresses. It is also skipping
progressively a number of succeeding
letters following the last letter of the
previous term. Therefore, the next term
would be YZABCD.
PATTERNS IN MATHEMATICS

ANSWER: In the figure pattern, notice

that the triangle’s vertex with the dot
moves in the clockwise direction as its
shading goes on and off. The dot’s
shading goes opposite the triangle’s
shading.

Therefore, the next figure should

be
Let’s Practice…
Number Patterns,
10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, ?

Symbol Patterns
A, BC, DEF, GHIJ, . . .

Word Patterns
Knife : Knives Life : lives Wife : _______

Logic Pattern
 Let’s do more have a quick exercise! – Identify the next term in each
pattern below.

1.) -34, -38, -42, -46, -50, . . . -

2.) 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, . . .

3.) Z, W, T, Q, . . .

4.) ACD, GIJ, MOP, SUV, . . .

5.)
 Let’s do more have a quick exercise! – Identify the next term in each
pattern below.
Foot : toe :: pizza : _____

7.)

Turtle : shell :: pigeon : ___

FIBONACCI SEQUENCE

Leonardo Bonacci of Pisa

An Italian merchant.

The most talented Western math-

ematician of the middle ages.

He is well-known as Fibonacci
which is the short term for filius
Bonacci.
FIBONACCI SEQUENCE
A FIBONACCI number is an integer in
the infinite sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,
13, . . . of which the first two terms
are 1 and 1 and each succeeding.
It displays unique
mathematical properties which
make it useful in fields such as
diverse as astronomy
(distances between planets
and the sun, and the shape of
galactic spirals), botany
(growth patterns of plants and
trees), and financial markets
(price movements of
securities).
 
FIBONACCI SEQUENCE
 

 
  It was believed that the concept of Fibonacci
sequence was derived from the story of the reproduction
of rabbits. It goes like this:
 
Assumed the following statements to be true about
rabbits.
1. It takes a month before a rabbit becomes sexually
matured.
2. The gestation period of a rabbit is 1 month.
3. When a female rabbit gives birth, it gives birth to 1
male and 1 female rabbit.
4. Rabbits don’t die.
 
With these things considered, the reproduction of
rabbits is shown in the diagram at the right.

It would be noticed that the number of pairs of rabbits

is in the sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, and so on
and so forth. This sequence is called Fibonacci
sequence. This is also observed in various patterns seen
among nature.  
 
 
FIBONACCI SEQUENCE
FIBONACCI SEQUENCE

The pattern of seeds within a

sunflower follows the Fibonacci
sequence, or 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21,
34, 55, 89, 144... These number
patterns appear magical at first, but they
are there for a reason. People have
suggested that the Fibonacci pattern has
evolved to ensure that as many seeds
as possible are fitted into the seed
head as the plant grows. 
 GOLDEN RATIO

 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
The Golden ratio or also known as the Divine Proportion is the ratio of two  
 
consecutive Fibonacci numbers. The quotient of these two consecutive
numbers are approaches to the value of 1.61803398… as n becomes larger. To
find the nth term in the Fibonacci sequence, we use the formula:  
 
 

 
 
  
 

FIBONACCI SEQUENCE
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
    
  Example 1: Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci
 
 
 
Formula:  
 
sequence.
 
   
    
  
Where:
    Solutions:
   
 

n - represents the indicated term and

 
 
= 21
 
 
  
  
- is a constant number equivalent to Example 2: Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci
 
 
1.618034. sequence.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Solutions:
 
 
= 610
   
 
 
  
 
 
 

Finding the Nth Term in a Fibonacci Sequence

 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
Example 1: Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci
  sequence.
 
 
  Solutions:
 

Where: = 21
n - represents the indicated Example 2: Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci
term and sequence.

- is a constant number Solutions:

equivalent to 1.618034. = 610
  
 
 
 

Finding the Nth Term in a Fibonacci Sequence

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Example 3: Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci
 
  sequence.
 
 
  Solutions:
 

Where:
= 34

n - represents the indicated

term and Example 4: Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci
sequence.
- is a constant number
Solutions:
equivalent to 1.618034.
= 75025
  

Finding the Nth Term in a Fibonacci Sequence

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Example 5: Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci sequence.

Solutions:
= ----------------------

 
Example
  6: Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci sequence.
 

Solutions:

= --------------
By ROGER ANTONSEN
 
 
Finding the Nth Term in a Fibonacci Sequence
 

 
 
 
 
 

  1.
Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci sequence.
2. Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci sequence
3. Using the golden ratio, find of the Fibonacci sequence

 
 
 
ASYNCHRONOUS LEARNING

Do you have any questions? Find time to go

over the PDF copy of today’s lecture. Review
what we just discussed and accomplish your per-
formance task today.
For your asynchronous learning, check the
details sent to our class’ GC.