Unit -6

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Ethics of IT Organizations
 Ethics of IT Organizations

1. The principles and standards that determine acceptable

conduct in organisation.
2. Ethics is an art of maintaining harmonious relation with
society,its various groups and institutions as well as
recognizing the morale responsibility for tightness and wrong
business conduct.
3. Organisation ethics are the policies, procedures and culture of
doing right things in the face of difficult and often controversial
situation.
4. An organisation business ethics influences conduct of every
employee including interpersonal relationship within the
organisation as well as organisation relations with external
customers.
 Contingent Worker
1. A contingent worker is someone who works for an
organization without being hired as their employee.
2. Contingent workers may provide their services under
a contract, temporarily, or on an as-needed basis.
3. They are often hired to complete a specific project,
rather than accepting an ongoing, open-ended
workload as a permanent employee does.
4. Examples of contingent workers include:
I. Independent contractors
II. Freelancers
III. Consultants
Why Do Some Workers Choose to Be Contingent Workers?

1. Many successful contingent workers are able to make

more money or work fewer hours than they would as
salaried employees—sometimes both.
2. Also, contingent workers often value their independence.
3. They are free to choose the most appealing assignments,
and once you tell them what to do, the law says they are
free to decide how to do it—no micromanaging(control
every part, however small,)allowed.
What Are the Benefits of Hiring Contingent Workers?

● Maximize flexibility. Organizations can adjust the size of

their workforce as needs change instead of committing to
adding permanent employees. When a contingent worker
has completed their work, you’re free to decide whether
to work with them again.
● Access specialized skills. Workers can be brought in for
one-time projects that require skills your regular
workforce lacks, such as creating your company website.
What Are the Benefits of Hiring Contingent Workers? Cont.

● Save on compensation. Companies only have to pay

contingent workers the agreed-on amount for their work.
They don’t have to pay overtime or provide them with
employee benefits like healthcare coverage or paid time
off.
● Save on training costs. Generally, contingent workers are
hired for advanced knowledge and skills they already
possess, reducing or eliminating time to productivity.
 What is the H-1B Workers?

● The H-1B visa is a nonimmigrant work visa that allows U.S.

employers to hire foreign workers for specialty jobs that
require a bachelor’s degree or equivalent. This can include
occupations in fields such as IT, finance, engineering,
architecture or more.
● The H-1B is a temporary (nonimmigrant) visa category that
allows employers to petition for highly educated foreign
professionals to work in “speciality occupations” that require
at least a bachelor’s degree or the equivalent.
What is the H-1B Workers? Cont.

● Jobs in fields such as mathematics, engineering, technology,

and medical sciences often qualify. Typically, the initial
duration of an H-1B visa classification is three years, which
may be extended for a maximum of six years.
● Before an employer can file a petition with USCIS, the
employer must take steps to ensure that hiring the foreign
worker will not harm U.S. workers.
 What is the H-1B Workers? Cont.

● Employers first must attest, on a labor condition application

(LCA) certified by the Department of Labor (DOL), that
employment of the H-1B worker will not adversely affect the
wages and working conditions of similarly employed U.S.
workers.
● Employers must also provide existing workers with notice of
their intention to hire an H-1B worker.
 Whistleblower

A whistleblower is a person, who could be an employee of

a company, or a government agency, disclosing information
to the public or some higher authority about any
wrongdoing, which could be in the form of fraud,
corruption, etc.
Case Study of Whistleblowers in India
Case Study of Whistleblowers in India
Case Study of Whistleblowers in India
Case Study of Whistleblowers in India
Case Study of Whistleblowers in India
Case Study of Whistleblowers in India
Laws for Whistleblowers in India
What are our internal mechanisms for whistle blowing?
Why do people not whistle blow?

● Fear – repercussions from management and colleagues

● Time – workload
● Not mandatory
● Small concerns might be dismissed
● No knowledge of overall picture
● Lack of knowledge about whistle blowing
● Not promoted by organisation’s culture
● Lack of support, advice and information
 Defining whistleblowing

● Whistle blowing is when you speak out about something

you are concerned about at work because you think it
needs bringing out into the open for the public good
● When people are at risk through bad practice or
unacceptable behaviour, it is essential that we understand
our responsibilities, the legal framework for taking action
and the protection we should expect.
● This can be a complex area!
 The first question

● Decide if it is a whistleblowing situation

● Is it safeguarding, or complaint? Internal or external
to one’s agency? – with outsourcing complicates the
situation - commissioning
● Read the whistle blowing policy and procedure where
you work. It should tell you:
–What type of concerns are covered
–When and how a concern should be raised and who with
 Whistleblowing or Grievance

● Whistleblowing is where an employee has a concern about

danger or illegality that has a public interest aspect to it
● A grievance or private complaint is a dispute about the
employee’s own employment position and has no additional
public interest dimension
● Whistleblowing and grievance are formal actions and
processes
● Bullying is coercion, intimidation, persecution and has direct
and indirect impact upon whistleblowing and grievance
● Grievances can be taken out by individuals but also
Stages of Whistleblowing Incident
Ethical Dilemmas of Whistleblowers
https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A2014-17.pdf
Handling Whistleblowing Situation

● Assess the seriousness of the situation

● Begin documentation
● Attempt to address the situation internally
● Consider the escalating situation within the company
● Assess the implications of becoming a whistleblower
● Use experienced resource to develop an action plan
● Execute the Action plan
● Live with the consequences

https://docs.google.com/document/d/
1CAlBKudQIfVJ07Uo8lF7dT9zXQcO0Z3WwljmrAAVC1M/edit?
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Digital Divide
ICT: Information and Communication Technology
Bridging Digital Divide
Divide in India
Divide in India
Any Doubt / Query