BLOOD IN CRIME

INVESTIGAT
ION
 BLOODSTAIN PATTERN
ANALYSIS
refers to the examination of the shapes and the distribution
patterns and location of bloodstains

distribution and appearance of bloodstains and spatters are

used to interpret and reconstruct the events that gave occurred
to produce the bleeding
 BLOODSTAIN PATTERN
DIRECTION OF TRAVEL
ANALYSIS
the direction of travel can be determined by the bloodstain's shape - the pointed end always
faces its direction of travel

SURFACE TEXTURE
the harder and less porous the surface the fewer blood spatter produced
 BLOODSTAIN PATTERN
ORIGIN OFANALYSIS BLOOD SPATTER
Origin in a 2D confiquration can be determined by establishing lines through the long axis of
individual bloodstains; the intersection of the lines represents the point from which the blood
originated.

IMPACT ANGLE
A drop of blood striking a surface at a right angle produces a nearly circular stain as the angle
decreases, the stain becomes more elongated.
 USE OF
1 BSPA
Show assumptions concerning and their sequence
Here the position of the victim (Which may indicate blood smears of blood trails) may show evidence
of the struggle between the suspect and the victim.

.
2.
Confirm or refute statements made by principals in the case

Here, stain patterns on a suspects/victim's can help verify the accounts given by either the witnesses or
the suspect.
CHRACTERISTICS OF A BLOOD
LOW SPATTER
e.g. free-falling drops, cast off from weapons
(5 ft/s. 1.5 m/s)
VELOCITY
MEDIUM VELOCITYbaseball bat blows
(25 ft/s. 7.5 - 30 m/s)

HIGH VELOCITY e.g. gunshot, machinery

(>100f/s, 30m/s)
THREE CATEGORIES OF BLOODSTAIN
1 PASSIVE BLOODSTAINS
these are drops created or formed by the force of gravity acting alone

DRIP
. caused by dripping blood
DROP
created by force of gravity

POOL
this refers to a change in the shape and directions of a bloodstain due to the influence of
gravity or movement of the object
THREE CATEGORIES OF BLOODSTAIN
TARGET SURFACE TEXTURE
bloodstain can be found on various surfaces, such as clothing, carpet, tile, wood, wallpaper,
and so on.
the type of surface upon which blood strikes can affect the amount of resulting spatter,
including the appearance and size of the blood drops
THREE CATEGORIES OF BLOODSTAIN
SPREADS OUT SMOOTHLY
Blood droplets that strike a hard smooth surface, such as a piece of glass can have a little or
no distortion around the edge.
Surface texture of the spreading edge is broken by irregular surface
Surfaces, such as wood or concrete, are distorted; spined and secondary spatter may
be present
Blood droplets that strike linoleum flooring take on a slightly different appearance;
distortion (scalloping) around the edge of the blood droplets may be found.
THREE CATEGORIES OF BLOODSTAIN
2. TRANSFER
A transfer bloodstain is created when a wet and blood surface comes in
contact with a secondary surface

A recognizable image of all or part of the original surface may be

observed in the patter, as in the case of a bloody hand or footwear.
THREE CATEGORIES OF BLOODSTAIN
TRANSFER BLOODSTAIN CAN BE FURTHER
SUBDIVIDED INTO THE FOLLOWING:
Smudge Wipe
Contact bleeding Swipe or Smear
THREE CATEGORIES OF BLOODSTAIN
3. PROJECTED
Type
A+
You can give blood to
A+, AB+
You can Receive Blood from
A+, A-, O+, O-
O+ O+, A+, B+, AB+ O+, O-
B+ B+, AB+ B+, B-, O+, O-
AB+ AB+ Everyone
A- A+, A-, AB+, AB- A-, O-
O- Everyone O-
B- B+, B-, AB+, AB- N-, O-
AB- AB+, AB- AB-, A-, B-, O-