THE UNITED REPUBULIC OF TANZANIA

MINISTRY OF LIVESTOCK AND FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT

FISHING AND PROCESSING DEPERTMENT

COURSE: ORDINARY DIPLOMA IN FISH PROCESSING QUALITY ASSURANCE AND
MARKETING
MODULE:FOOD PROCESSING ENGINEERING
TASK:PRESENTATION
QUESTION: Food plant material handling
a. Definition b. Purpose and types c. Merits and demerits
d. Material handling system.
PARTICIPANTS
ANTHONY MPAMBO
HASSAN A MKWACHU
ZUREHA MILAJI
FRANK SHAMI
CAROLINE CHEYO
BENJAMIN JACKSON
SAMWEL MBONDE
 INTRODUCTION.

Material handling is the movement, protection, storage manufacturing,

warehousing, distribution, consumption and disposal.
Or
Is the function of moving the right time right material to the right
place in the right time in the right amount in sequence and in right
condition to minimize production cost.
 PURPOSE
Goals of material handling
Reduce unit cost of production.
Maintain or improve production.
Reduce damage.
Provide for protection of material.
Promote safety and improve working condition.
Promote productivity.
Promote increase of facilities.
Control inventory.
 TYPES OF MATERIAL HANDLING

• Storage and handling equipment.

• Engineered system.
• Industrial trucks.
• Bulk material handling.
• On rails transfer cart.
• Conveyers.
 TYPES OF MATERIAL HANDLING
Storage and handling equipment is a category within the material
handling industrial. The equipment that falls under this description
is usually non-automated storage equipment. Product such as pallet
racking ,shelving and carts belong to storage and handling.
Industrial trucks, Industrial trucks are more flexible in use than
conveyors since they can move between various points and are not
permanently fixed in one place. They are therefore, most suitable
for intermittent production and for handling various sizes and
shapes of material. There are many types of truck petrol- driven,
electric, hand-powered, and so on. Their greatest advantage lies in
the wide range of attachments available; these increase the trucks
ability to handle various types and shapes of material.
INDUSTRIAL TRUCK
Engineered system, are typically custom engineered material
handling system. Also are often a combination of products
integrated to one system.
Bulk material handling, is used to move and store bulk material
such as liquid and cereals. This equipment is often seen on
farms, mines, shipyards and refinineries.
On rails transfer cart,
Conveyers, are useful for moving material between two fixed
workstations, either continuously or intermittently. They are
mainly used for continuous or mass production operations—
indeed, they are suitable for most operations where the flow is
more or less steady. Conveyors may be of various types, with
rollers, wheels or belts to help move the material along: these
may be power-driven or may roll freely. The decision to provide
conveyors must be taken with care, since they are usually costly
to install; moreover, they are less flexible and, where two or
more converge, it is necessary to coordinate the speeds at which
the two conveyors move
 MERITS AND DEMERITS
Merits
 Improve efficiency of a production system by ensuring the
right quantity of material delivered at the right place at the
right time most economically.
 Cut down indirect labour cost.
 Reduce damage of material during storage and movement.
 Minimize accident during material handling.
 Reduce overall cost by improving material handling
 Improve customer services by supplying materials in a manner
convenient for handling.
 Demerits of material handling
Additional capital cost involved in any material handling system
Material handling system needs maintenance, hence any addition to
material handling means additional maintenance facilities and cost.
 Material handling system.

Material Handling System is an important

component of the Facilities Planning and Design.
• A strong relationship between the layout design
and material handling design functions.
• What ever the material is being handled, many of
the same principles apply.
• Wide variety of problems necessities a systematic
approach to Material Handling Systems Design.
 Material Handling Systems Design

• In designing new or improving an existing material handling system, the six

phased
engineering design process should be used:
– Define the objectives and scope for material handling system,
– Analyze the requirements for moving, storing, protecting, and controlling
material,
– Generate alternative designs for meeting material handling system
requirements,
– Evaluate alternative material handling system designs,
– Select the preferred design for moving, storing, protecting, and controlling
material,
– Implement the preferred design, including the selection of supplies, training of
personnel,
installation, debug and start-up of equipment, and periodic audits of system
performance.
•
Material Handling Systems Design cont……
To stimulate the developers of alternative system designs, the “ideal systems
approach” should be considered. As proposed by Nadler:
– Aim for the theoretical ideal system,
• It is a perfect system with zero cost, perfect quality, no safety hazards, no wasted space,
and no management inefficiencies,
– Conceptualize the ultimate ideal system,
• It is a system that probably would be achievable at some point in the future, but is not
achievable at the present time because of a lack of available technology,
– Design the technologically workable ideal system,
• It is a system for which the required technology is available; however, costs or other
conditions may prevent some components from being installed now,
– Install the recommended system,
• It is a cost-effective system that will work now without obstacles to its successful
implementation.
Material Handling Systems Design cont……
• Relationship between Material Handling and Plant Layout:
– The relationship between the two involves the data required for designing each
activity, their common objectives, the effect on space, and the flow pattern.
– Specifically, plant layout problems require knowledge of the equipment operating
cost in order to locate the departments in a manner that will minimize the total
material-handling cost.
– At the same time, in designing a material handling system the layout should be
known in order to have the move length, move time, source and destination of the
move.
– Because of this dependency, the only feasible way is to start with one problem, use
its solution for solving the other, then go back and modify the first problem on the
basis of the new information obtained from the second, and so on until a
satisfactory design is obtained.
– Plant layout and material handling have the common objective of cost minimization.
The material handling cost can be minimized by arranging closely related
departments such that the material moves only short distances.