Eye disease detection

Guided By
Dr. Chetan Gondaliya
Presented by
Amin Yash Dharmeshkumar (21084341001)

M.Sc.IT. (AI&ML)
 Project Profile

 Project Title : Eye disease classification

 Objective : The main objective of this project is to improve early
detection and treatment of eye diseases to prevent vision
loss.
 Platform : Jupyter notebook(V1.0.0), pycharm(V2021.3.3.0)
 Frontend tool : Html, CSS, Flask(V2.2.2)
 Backend tool : Python (V3.9)
 Internal Guide: Dr. Chetan Gondaliya
 Prepared by : Yash Amin
 Developed for : Teksun microsys pvt. Ltd.
Existing System

 Existing systems for eye disease classification use deep learning techniques, such as
CNNs and transfer learning.
 Large datasets of labeled retinal images have been used to train and validate these
systems.
 Existing systems have shown promising results in detecting and classifying various eye
diseases.
Need For New System

 The data we are using, was also used by some researchers previously but they only
used 2-3 disease for classification.
 Some of them also used the whole data which include all diseases but the accuracy was
comparatively low.
 So, our main motive is to get good accuracy on all diseases, for that we will apply some
filters that will help the model to detect the disease easily.
Function Specification
 Client: -
 User Registration and Login
 Uploading Images
 Display Classification Results
 Admin: -
 Admin Login
 User Management:
 Prediction management
 Client Configuration  Server Configuration
 Hardware :-  Hardware :-
 PC or Laptop  i5 processor minimum
 8gb RAM
 Software :-
 Web browser like Mozilla
Firefox, Google chrome, etc. Software :-
 Python 3.9
 Web browser
 Google Colab
Literature Survey
 K.M.A Salam et al. :- In this paper, author used different cnn architecture like resnet
34, efficient net, MobilenetV2 and VGG16.The VGG-16 model provided the best
accuracy of 97.23% in classifying ocular diseases from fundus photographs, while the
other models also performed well. The proposed method can generate more impressive
results on lower computational power.[1]
 Nadia Kanwal et al. :- In this paper, author used simple machine learning approach to
classify the ocular disease from the tabular data which was symptoms recorded in the
form of standard taxonomies directly by the medical experts. They used multiple
classification algorithms but Tree-based methods performed better than the artificial
neural network. [2]
 Md Shakib Khan et al. :- In this paper, author used VGG-19 model was used to
classify ocular diseases, achieving high accuracy rates for normal versus myopia,
cataract, and glaucoma. The model could be used to create a consumer-friendly ocular
disease categorization system and could benefit medical experts in eye disease
diagnostics. [3]
 Eman AbdelMaksoud et al. :- In this paper, Researchers developed an ML-CNN
system to diagnose various ocular diseases from color fundus images. They used a
dataset of 45 different diseases and applied augmentation processes to enlarge it. The
system achieved promising performance based on five performance measures and was
compared to other previously proposed systems. In the future, the researchers aim to
establish a large and balanced ML dataset manually to eliminate overfitting. [4]
 Harshith N et al. :- In this paper, Researchers used deep neural network model
OpenCV, keras, TensorFlow, pandas, NumPy was developed for eye disease detection.
The model successfully classified between normal and diseased eyes for specific
diseases. The model is cost-effective with a simple interface and provides nearby eye
doctor details for further check-up. The study achieved its objectives of building a deep
learning model for eye disease detection. [5]
Literature Summary

Salam et al. used various CNN models and found VGG-16 to be the most accurate in
classifying ocular diseases from fundus photographs[1]. Kanwal et al. used machine
learning to classify ocular diseases based on symptoms recorded by medical experts, with
tree-based methods performing better than artificial neural networks[2]. Khan et al. used
VGG-19 to classify ocular diseases with high accuracy rates, creating a potential
consumer-friendly categorization system[3]. AbdelMaksoud et al. developed an ML-CNN
system to diagnose ocular diseases from color fundus images, achieving promising
performance measures compared to other proposed systems[4]. Harshith et al. developed a
deep neural network model for eye disease detection, successfully classifying between
normal and diseased eyes and providing nearby eye doctor details[5].
Problem finding
 The computational power was required to get the desired results.
 Previous researchers have used the same dataset as us, but they only focused on
classifying 2-3 diseases.
 Although some of them attempted to classify all diseases, their accuracy was
comparatively lower.
Aims and Objective

 The aim of the eye disease classification project is to develop an accurate and efficient
system to diagnose ocular diseases from fundus images.
 The objective is to improve early detection and treatment of eye diseases to prevent
vision loss.
Model Design
Data analysis
 The data is collected from kaggle. (link :-
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/andrewmvd/ocular-disease-recognition-odir5k)
 There are 6 instances in ocular disease recognition dataset.
 This dataset is meant to represent ‘‘real-life’’ set of patient information collected by
Shanggong Medical Technology Co., Ltd. from different hospitals/medical centers in
China.
 For balancing the data, we augmented the data using image data generator by
randomizing brightness, shear range, rotation and vertical flipping the images.
 For preprocessing the data, we resized the image first then the equalize function is
applied in which we enhanced the contrast of the image and rgb color of the image and
then we applied heatmap which will enhanced the disease images.
Data analysis
Target variable before balancing the dataset:-
Data analysis

Data before preprocessing Data after preprocessing

Methodology
Comparative analysis for efficient net:-
Algorithm Parameter Accuracy Precision Recall
s
Efficient Learning
net rate :- 0.01 86.16 84.45 85.56

Efficient
net Learning 84.25 83.33 82.89
rate:-
0.001

Efficient
net Learning 85.00 82.24 84.49
rate:-
0.0001
Comparative analysis for efficient
netv2:-
Algorithm Parameter Accuracy Precision Recall
s
Efficient Learning
netv2 rate :- 0.01 84.09 82.09 81.30

Efficient
netv2 Learning 82.25 83.33 82.89
rate:-
0.001

Efficient
netv2 Learning 83.22 82.20 81.53
rate:-
0.0001
Comparative analysis for mobile net:-
Algorithm Parameter Accuracy Precision Recall
s
Mobile Learning
net rate :- 0.01 78.90 75.34 76.54

Mobile
net Learning 80.03 83.12 82.50
rate:-
0.001

Mobile
net Learning 81.12 82.35 81.53
rate:-
0.0001
Result for the final model

Choosing the final model: -

We get more accuracy in Efficient net but it’s not working that much good on
real world, so we are going with Mobile net model which is not much great on
train data as Efficient net but it works great on real world data.

Result on efficient net model on unseen test data: -

Accuracy: 86.16
Precision: 84.45
Recall: 85.56
Conclusion & Future Scope

 The study has proposed a neural network-based method for accurate

classification of ocular diseases from fundus photographs, with efficient net
model providing the best accuracy of 86.16%.
 The proposed method requires lower computational power and can be
extended to other medical image-based disease classification, with the
potential to develop a user-friendly, real-time ocular disease classification
system.
 The future scope includes optimizing the proposed method for improved
accuracy, extending the method to detect other ocular abnormalities or other
medical imaging modalities, combining the method with other diagnostic
tools, and inspiring the development of deep learning algorithms for medical
image-based disease classification in other medical fields.
References
 [1] Lerina Aversano, Mario Luca Bernardi, Marta Cimitile, Martina Iammarino,
Paolo Emidio Macchia, Immacolata Cristina Nettore, Chiara Verdone, Thyroid
Disease Treatment prediction with machine learning approaches,Procedia
Computer Science, Volume 192,2021,Pages 1031-1040,ISSN 1877-0509.
 [2] Chaganti R, Rustam F, De La Torre Díez I, Mazón JLV, Rodríguez CL, Ashraf
I. Thyroid Disease Prediction Using Selective Features and Machine Learning
Techniques. Cancers (Basel). 2022 Aug 13;14(16):3914. doi:
10.3390/cancers14163914. PMID: 36010907; PMCID: PMC9405591.
 [3] Salman, Khalid & Sonuç, Emrullah. (2021). Thyroid Disease Classification
Using Machine Learning Algorithms. Journal of Physics: Conference Series.
 [4] R, Chandan & Vasan, Chetan & MS, Chethan & S, Devikarani. (2021).
THYROID DETECTION USING MACHINE LEARNING. International Journal of
Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology.
 [5] Chaubey, G., Bisen, D., Arjaria, S. et al. Thyroid Disease Prediction Using
Machine Learning Approaches. Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett. 44, 233–238 (2021).
References
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 [7] Banu, G. Rasitha. "A Role of decision Tree classification data Mining
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Issue: 11 | Nov – 2016.
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Thank
You!