NEED OF EARTHING

 No electrical structure ever is fool-proof and there is always a

chance of getting shock, fire hazard among other risks.

 Here concept of Earthing or grounding is perhaps the best

precautionary measure one can have.

 Nowadays, it has become a fundamental safety measure in

electrical and electronic systems.
 EARTHING : WORKING PRINCIPLE
 Based on principle of providing a safe pathway to
current.
 Any electrical system – machine, home wiring can
be earthed.
 A third wire is connected to a rod or plate buried in
the ground ,oft en called as earth electrode.
 So, in case of any risky event like current surge it
gets carried into the ground and gets dissipated in
the Earth.
 A GENERAL APPLICATION

 Most of have used a simple 3 point plug ,

 If we observe closely one of the pin is thicker as well as longer than
the other two.

 Yes, this is because it is the earthing

wire pin with the least resistance.
 PIPE EARTHING
 A metal rod is drilled into the ground and it acts as
the earth electrode.
 The upper part of the rod is exposed or connected
to the circuit or system that needs earthing.
 It serves as effective grounding especially in
residential and commercial areas.
 The lower end is packed with salt, charcoal and
moisture to maintain an environment of low
resistance.
 PLATE

EARTHING
As the name suggest, a metal plate is
used as an earth electrode
 As compared to rod it is rather tough to
install, but has smaller surface area.
 It is more used in industrial systems and
machinery.
 The plate is packed with salt, charcoal
and moisture to maintain an environment
of low resistance.
 PLATE VS PIPE
I. SOIL CONDITIONS : In soils of high resistivity, electrode having
large surface area are more preferred i.e. plate electrode
II. APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS : A skilled engineer is required
to analyze the specific requirements for a comprehensive grounding
system.
III. BOTH : Sometimes combination of both pipe-plate may be used for
most effective earthing.
THANK YOU