Arti dan Ruang Lingkup

Ekonomi
 Pengantar
 Perkembangan dunia dan kehidupan
manusia tidak terlepas dari
permasalahan ekonomi
 Ekonomi tradisional: Prasejarah
(berburu dan meramu)  Barter 
Autarki
 Ekonomi modern: Perekonomian
terbuka dan berbasis digital
 Mengapa ekonomi ?
 Masalah : gap sumber daya dan
kebutuhan (what, how, for whom),
sehingga perlu mengetahui bagaimana
manusia membuat keputusan, manusia
berinteraksi dan mekanisme bekerjanya
perekonomian secara keseluruhan
 Tujuan ekonomi : kesejahteraan (wealth
beeing)
 Ekonomi
 Economic is the study of the use of
scarce resources to satisfy unlimited
human wants (Lipsey, 2008)
 Prinsip :
 Scarcity
 Satisfy
 Human wants are unlimited
 Konsekuensi :
Opprtunity cost individualis bebas nilai
Konsep Ekonomi
 Economics is part of social sciences that learn about
how people decide their choices to use resources for
producing the commodity which they need to maximize
their utilities.
 Macro Economics or Aggregative Economics is part of
economics that concern to overall performance of the
economy and aspects that relate with the question what,
why and how.
 Micro economics is study about how household and firm
individually make decision and how to make decision to
interact in the market. In the microeconomics, household
and firm individually chose to maximize their utility in the
budget constraint.
Economics Problems
 People needs is unlimited, but the
resources is limited.
 People welfare will increase if their
needs is more fulfilled.
 So the economics problem is how
limited resources can maximize people
welfare.
 Macroeconomics Vs
Microeconomics
Aspects/ Scope Microeconomics Macroeconomics
Price Price is unit of value from a Price is commodity value
commodity aggregatly
Unit of analysis Discuss about economy activity Discuss about economy
individually, like demand and activity aggregately, like
supply, consumer or producer national income, economy
behavior, market, revenue, cost, growth, inflation,
profit, etc. unemployment,
investment, and economy
policy.

Goals of analysis Focus to analyze how allocation Focus to analyze the

of resources can reach the right impact of economy activity
combination. on economy condition
aggregately.
Subjek dan Objek Ekonomi
 Object and The Place of Economy Activity
 Real Market or Output Market or commodity market
 Monetary Market
 Labor Market
 International Market
 Subject or actor in Economy
 Household
 Firm
 Goverment
 Financial Institution
 Other Countries
Circular Flow Diagram

International Other
Firm
Market Countries

Output Firm
Market
Household

Labor
Market
Monetary
Market &
Financial
Institution
Note:
Goods and services flow
Payment flow
 Market Characteristic in Economy
Price Interest rate

D S
S

Wage
D
0 GDP 0 MS
Output Market Money Market

S D
Labor
0
Labor Market
Materi Ekonomi Mikro
 Arti dan Ruang Lingkup Ekonomi
 Mekanisme Pasar
 Perilaku konsumen
 Perilaku produsen
 Teori Biaya
 Teori Pendapatan  Perhitungan Laba Maksimum
 Pasar Persaingan Sempurna
 Pasar monopoli
 Pasar Oligopoli
 Pasar Monopolistik
 Pasar Input  Monopsoni, Oligopsoni
Kontrak Belajar
 Perkuliahan akan dilakukan baik
secara sinkronus maupun ansinkronus
 Silahkan gabung GC
 Proporsi nilai:
 CBL = 30
 PBL = 20
 Tugas = 10
 UTS = 20
 UAS = 20