CONTEMPORARY ISSUES

Gene
therapy and
other
associated
terms
 OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION

ABOUT THE GENE THERAPY

ABOUT THE GENE THERAPY

 WHAT IS GENE THERAPY?

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a medical approach that involves altering the genes

within a person's cells to treat or prevent disease. While gene therapy
has shown great potential in treating certain genetic disorders, there are
concerns about its potential impact on biodiversity and healthy society.
 STEM CELLS OF GENE THERAPY

STEMS CELLS

• Are mother cells that have the potential to become any

types of cell in the body
• Have the ability to self-renew or multiply while
maintaining the potential to develop into other types of cell
• Can become cells of the blood, heart, bone, skin, muscles,
brain, among others
 TYPES OF GENE THERAPY

1. Somatic gene therapy

Involve the manipulation of genes that will be helpful to the
patient but not inherited to the next generation

2. Germline gene therapy

Involves genetic modification of germ cells or origin cells that
will pass thee change on the next generation
TWO TYPES OF SOMATIC GENE THERAPY

EX VIVO GENE THERAPY

Here the cells are taken out from the body and grown in the
laboratory. These cells are then exposed to virus containing the
desired gene and then after recombination, the recombinant cells
are returned to the patient.
TWO TYPES OF SOMATIC GENE

IN VIVO GENE THERAPY

 Here are the genes are transferred to the cells present

inside the patient’s body.
 HOW THEY THREAT TO BIODIVERSITY AND
HEALTHY SOCIETY?

Impacting human healthy society. All human health ultimately

depends on ecosystem services that are made possible
by biodiversity and the products derived from them.
IMPORTAN TO KNOW

Gene Therapy is still in the

early stages of development
and much research is needed to
fully understand its potential
benefits and risks.
NATURE AND CHARACTERISTIC OF GMO

PLANTS

ANIMALS MICRO ORGANISM

GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS
(GMO)

 Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are

produced using scientific methods that include
recombinant DNA technology and reproductive
cloning. In reproductive cloning, a nucleus is
extracted from a cell of the individual to be
cloned and is inserted into the enucleated
cytoplasm of a host egg (an enucleated egg is an
egg cell that has had its own nucleus removed).
BENEFIT

 Genetic engineering has a wide application in medicine and in agriculture.

 Because of genetic engineering, plants become resistants to pets, weeds and that crops are grown
with more nutritional values
 STEM CELL TYPES

Stem cell types as Gene Delivery System

 The mesenchymal (MSC) is an ideal vehicle for cell-based

therapies by introducing beneficial genes. MSC has the ability to
differentiate into a variety of cell types, including bones,
cartilage, adipose (fat) tissues, muscles and marrow stroma.

 Neural stem cells (NSC) primarily differentiate into neurons,

astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, thus they can serve as vehicles
for gene therapy and replace the neurons lost due to to injury or
diseases.