Mitochondria

Mitochondria

• found in the cytoplsm of

the cell.
• It is called as the
powerhouse of the cell.
Parts of Mitochondria
• Outer Membrane
• Inner Membrane
• Cristae
• Matrix
 Outer Membrane

a double phospholipid
membrane that separates the
inside of the organelle from
the rest of the cell.
 Inner Membrane

the mitochondrial membrane

which separates the
mitochondrial matrix from the
intermembrane space.
 Intermembrane Space
The space between inner
and outer membrane and
it has the same
composition as that of
cell’s cytoplasm
 Cristae
are folds in the inner mitochondrial
membrane. The major function of
cristae is to
increase the surface area of the
mitochondrial membrane. This allows
membrane processes to
produce more energy at a faster rate.
Matrix
- contains the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the mitochondrial
genome and the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle
or Krebs cycle,
-metabolizes nutrients into by-products
the mitochondrion can use for energy production.
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA

an extranuclear double-stranded DNA found exclusively

in mitochondria that in most eukaryotes is a circular
molecule and is maternally inherited
 How Mitochondria produce energy?

using oxygen available within the cell convert chemical energy from
food in the cell to energy in a form usable to the host cell. The
process is called oxidative phosphorylation and it happens inside
mitochondria.
 How Mitochondria produce energy?
• In the matrix of mitochondria the reactions known as the
citric acid or Krebs cycle produce a chemical called NADH.
• NADH is then used by enzymes embedded in the
mitochondrial inner membrane to generate ATP. In ATP the
energy is stored in the form of chemical bonds. These bonds
can be opened and the energy redeemed.