Chapter 2

Configuring a Network Operating System

Introduction

 Home routers are actually four devices in one:

• Router - Forwards data packets to and receives data packets from the
Internet.
• Switch - Connects end devices using network cables.
• Wireless access point - Consists of a radio transmitter capable of
connecting end devices wirelessly.
• Firewall appliance - Secures outgoing traffic and restricts incoming
traffic.

 In larger, business networks with significantly more devices and traffic,

these devices are often incorporated as independent, stand-alone devices.

4
Cisco IOS
Operating Systems

All networking equipment depend on operating systems:

 End users (PCs, laptops, smart phones, tablets)
 Switches
 Routers
 Wireless access points
 Firewalls

Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS)

 Collection of network operating systems used on Cisco devices

3
Cisco IOS
Operating Systems

4
Cisco IOS
Purpose of OS

 PC operating systems (Windows 8, Linux & OS X) perform technical functions

that enable
• Use of a input and output devices
• Manage processes and programs
• Manage file systems, security, hardware, etc.
 Switch or router IOS provides options to
• Same functions as host operating systems
• Configure interfaces
• Enable routing and switching functions
 All networking devices come with a default IOS (switches, routers, firewalls)
 Possible to upgrade the IOS version or feature set

5
Cisco IOS (Internetwork Operating System)
Router features vary based on the version of the IOS and the type of device.

• Basic routing and switching based on Layer 3 IP Destination Address..

8
The purpose of Cisco IOS Software

 A Cisco “IOS” Internetwork Operating System or more might be stored in the

flash (a Non volatile memory that doesn’t loose contents when power lost) but
can be over written.

 The size of the Flash and RAM determines the ability to have one or more IOS.

 The IOS is copied into RAM to run from there when the device is powered on .

 The IOS can be accessed using http or command line interface.

9
FYI - Router internal components Similar to PC

 CPU • Buses
 Memory • Interfaces
• RAM • Power Supply
• Flash
• NVRAM
• ROM
10
Router storage areas

ROM Flash

 Permanent.  Keeps contents

 Holds POST, boot instructions,  Holds one or more IOS images
basic IOS.

NVRAM RAM

 Keeps contents  Volatile

 Holds startup configuration file  Holds running config, tables,
queues etc

11
Initial startup of Cisco routers

 When a Cisco router powers up, it performs a power-on self test (POST).
 During this self test, the router executes diagnostics from ROM on all
hardware modules.
 After the POST, the following events occur as the router initializes:

12
Where is the permanent configuration file stored used during boot-up? NVRAM (B)
Where is the diagnostics software stored executed by hardware modules? ROM (D)
Where is the backup (partial) copy of the IOS stored? ROM (D)

Where is IOS permanently stored before it is copied into RAM? FLASH (C)

Where are all changes to the configuration immediately stored? RAM (A)

A B C D

running-config startup-config IOS Bootup program

IOS (running) ios (partial)
11
Basic Router Configuration

12
Accessing a Cisco IOS Device
Console Access Method

Most common methods to access the Command Line Interface

 Console
 Telnet or SSH
 AUX port

13
 Accessing the
router and switch
directly

 The console port on the router allows you to connect a “dumb” terminal or a
computer with terminal emulator software directly using a console (Rollover) cable.

 No IP addressing or other configurations needed on the router.

 Used for:

• Configuring directly a physical device that has never been configured.

• Troubleshooting a device that you can no longer access remotely.
• Performing password recovery.
• General router management.

14
Accessing a Cisco IOS Device
Console Access Method

Console port
 Should be configured with passwords to prevent unauthorized access
 Device should be located in a secure room so console port can not be easily
accessed

15
Establishing a HyperTerminal session
Connect PC using the RJ-45/mini-USB to Serial/USB rollover cable.

Terminal or a PC with terminal emulation software

• PuTTY
• Tera Term
• SecureCRT
• HyperTerminal Console port
• OS X Terminal
• Zoc
Rollover cable

Com1 or Com2 serial port

Or USB port with USB-to-Serial adapter

 Important: A console connection

is not the same as a network
16 connection!
Configuring Routers Using Telnet and SSH
Used to remotely configure a router and Requires networking services to be
preconfigured , the IOS has an already an active telnet client/server.

• Need Layer 3 (IP address) on an active interface.

• Password is required.
• SSH (Secure Shell) protocol is preferred over Telnet and used for accessing
remote devices securely.
• SSH session encrypts all communications between the client and the IOS device
( User ID’s , Passwords ,etc.)
• With SSH , Stronger authentication with encrypted password for SSH, better to
use considering security issues.

20
Accessing a Cisco IOS Device
Terminal Emulation Programs

Software available for

connecting to a networking
device (usually same as
terminal/serial/console
connection):

 PuTTY
 Tera Term
 SecureCRT
 HyperTerminal
 OS X Terminal
 Zoc

18
Accessing a Cisco IOS Device
AUX Access Method

Aux Port (not used too much)

 Out-of-band connection- CLI
 The console port is also preferred over the auxiliary port for troubleshooting
because it displays router startup, debugging, and error messages by default.
 Uses telephone line using a modem.
 Can be used like console port

19
 C:\> ping

C:\> ssh

Ethernet Connection
Network connection needed

NIC

When can you use a network connection to connect to the router?

When there is a network connection to the router (telnet).

What software/command do you need? TCP/IP, Terminal prompt (DOS), Tera Term, etc.

What cable and ports do you use?
When should you not use a network connection to
configure the router?
20
PC & Router: Ethernet NIC
Ethernet straight-through cable
When the change may disconnect the
telnet connection.
Power-up the router (and switch) – No configuration

If the routers do not have a saved configuration it will start as follows

Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: n

• Always answer “n” fo no.

• We will never be using setup mode.
• If you accidentally press “y” and enter Setup Mode, press and hold down the
control key and press C (CTRL-C).
• Wait a few seconds, and then press Enter.

On some routers you may see the following message.

Would you like to terminate autoinstall? [yes/no]: y

<There will be several lines of output>

Router>

24
User Exec Mode “ view-only mode”

• Identified by the CLI prompt that ends with the > symbol.
• Ex: Router> Switch>
• By default, there is no authentication required to access the user EXEC mode
from the console.

Privileged Exec Mode “enable mode”.

• For configuration and management commands.

• It can be identified by the prompt ending with the # symbol , Ex: Router#
Switch#
• The enable and disable commands are used to change the CLI between
the user EXEC mode and the privileged EXEC mode, respectively.

22
Navigating the IOS
Navigating between IOS Modes

Similar IOS commands for switches and routers

23
Navigating the IOS
Primary Modes

enable
enable

24
The Cisco IOS Modes

• Different hierarchical modes , each identified by a prompt unique to that

mode. “ Easier to enforce security between different modes”

• Each mode is used to accomplish particular tasks and has a specific set of
commands that are available when in that mode. “ i.e. IP’s configured in the
interface mode”

end

Exit

CTRL -Z

28
Navigating the IOS
Cisco IOS Modes of Operation

26
Navigating the IOS
Navigating between IOS Modes (cont.)
Switch> user mode
Switch> enable go to privilege mode
Switch# configure terminal go to global configuration mode
Switch(config)# interface vlan 1 go to interface mode
Switch(config-if)# Line console 0 go to line mode
Switch(config-line)# exit
Switch(config)# exit
Switch# config t Shortened commands and parameters
Switch(config)# vlan 1 go to VLAN configuration mode
Switch(config-vlan)# end go to privilege-EXEC mode
Switch# disable
Switch> enable
Switch# config t

Switch(config)# line vty 0 4 go to interface (line) mode

Switch(config-line)# exit
Switch(config)#

27
Several forms of help

Context-sensitive help : to get a list of available commands or to display a

list of commands or keywords that start with a specific character or
characters.

28
Getting Help (Router and Switch)

Router> ?
Exec commands:
access-enable Create a temporary Access-List
entry
access-profile Apply user-profile to interface
clear Reset functions
<text omitted>
ping Send echo messages
ppp Start IETF Point-to-Point Protocol
(PPP)
--More--

• Press the Space Bar to scroll a “screen’s worth” of more commands.

• Press the Enter or Return key to scroll down just one line of the list.
• Press any other key to halt the list output.

32
Command Syntax Check
 If the interpreter cannot understand the command being entered, it will
provide feedback describing what is wrong with the command.

 There are three different types of error messages:

• Ambiguous command
• Incomplete command
• Incorrect command

30
Enhanced editing commands “Hot keys”

• Ctrl-Z : used to back out of configuration mode. This will return the user to the
privileged EXEC mode prompt.
• Ctrl-R: To redisplay to line that you were typing
• Tab - Completes the remainder of the command or keyword
• Ctrl-Shift-6 - Allows the user to interrupt an IOS process such as ping or traceroute

34
Router command history

35
Basic IOS Structure

36
Naming of Devices
 Cisco devices uses the factory-assigned default hostnames "Router“ "Switch.“
 Used not to get confused about which router you are configuring. “Imagine if you have
many devices to deal with” .
 Some guidelines for naming conventions are that names should:

• Start with a letter , end with a letter or digit

• Have characters of only letters, digits, and dashes
• Be less than 64 characters.
• Not contain a space

 To remove the hostname

AtlantaHQ(config)#no hostname

34
Limiting Device Access
 Every device should have locally configured passwords to limit access.

• Enable password - limits access to the privileged EXEC mode.

• Enable secret password - encrypted, limits access to the privileged EXEC
mode.

You will see meaningless characters

In config file
35
Limiting Access to Device Configurations
Securing User EXEC Access

 Console port must be secured

• reduces the chance of unauthorized personnel physically plugging a cable into the
device and gaining device access

 vty lines allow access to a Cisco device via Telnet

• number of vty lines supported varies with the type of device and the IOS version

36
Managing Console Input

Router(config)#line console 0
Router(config-line)#Password cisco
Router(config-line)#login
Router(config-line)#logging synchronous
Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0
Router(config-line)#exit

No Login : passwords will not be checked

40
IP Domain-lookup

Router(config)# ip domain-lookup
Router#wreh
Translating "wreh"...domain server (255.255.255.255) (Takes a few seconds)
Translating "wreh"...domain server (255.255.255.255) (Takes a few seconds)

Router(config)# no ip domain-lookup
Router#wreh
Translating "wreh"
% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address

 If enabled, with no DNS server on the network, may cause a slight, but irritable
delay when making typing mistakes.

 If you are not using the services of a DNS server, it is best to disable this
process.

 DNS (Domain Name Service) is enabled by default with a server address of

255.255.255.255, which is a local broadcast.

41
Limiting Access to Device Configurations
Encrypting Password Display

service password-
encryption
prevents passwords
from showing up as
plain text when
viewing the
configuration
purpose of this
command is to keep
unauthorized
individuals from
viewing passwords
in the configuration
file
once applied,
removing the
encryption service
does not reverse the
encryption

39
service password-encryption command

WARNING
 service password-encryption uses a Cisco Level 7

encryption which is very easy to decrypt.

 However, the enable secret <password> uses a stronger

encryption method and cannot be easily hacked.

43
Banner Messages
 Declaring a message i.e. “authorized personnel only”. This can be an important
part of the legal liabilities for breaking into a device. Wording that implies that a
login is "welcome" or "invited" is not appropriate

 Banner can include scheduled system shutdowns and other information that
affects all network users.
Viewing, Saving and Erasing the Configurations

45
Router#show running-config
Current configuration : 542 bytes
running-config
!
version 12.2 • It is the current configuration
! used by the router.
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address • Takes effect by the Cisco
IOS immediately or as the
shutdown system boots.
duplex auto
speed auto • Stored in the RAM memory.
! “lost when the router loses
interface Serial0/0 power or reloads”
no ip address
shutdown
! • Privilege mode command
line con 0 only because they display
line aux 0 password information.
line vty 0 4
!
end
Router#
46

Router#show startup-config
startup-config is not present
Router#
Startup-config
• This file is the configuration
file saved in NVRAM.
• Copied into “RAM” running-
config as the router boots
up.
• The router uses the running-
config that should be saved
to startup config from time
to time.
• “ It might be saved as a
backup on a server”
47
Copy running-config to startup-config

Router#copy running-config startup-config

Or
Router#copy run start

Destination filename [startup-config]? <Press Enter>

Building configuration...
[OK]

Router#show startup-config
Current configuration : 542 bytes
!
version 12.2
!
interface FastEthernet0/0

• The running-config should be periodically saved to startup-config when you are satisfied
with your changes and you do not want to lose them. (Lab)
• Production network, startup-config should always match running-config in case of power
failure, etc.
• Privilege mode command.
Erase startup-config

Router#erase startup-config
Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all files!
Continue? [confirm] <Press Enter>
[OK]
Erase of nvram: complete
Router#Reload

• When you are done with the routers in the lab, please be sure to erase the
startup-config.

If you are starting a lab, and you do not get the message:

Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]:

• You will need to erase the startup-config and reboot.
• Privilege mode command.
Saving Configurations
Configuration Files

<Changes made>
Switch# delete vlan.dat
Delete filename [vlan.dat]?
Delete flash:vlan.dat? [confirm]
Switch# erase startup-config
Switch# reload
System configuration has been modified. Save? [yes/no]: n
Proceed with reload? [confirm]

47
copy running-config startup-config
WARNING

 Using an incorrect configuration file name could overwrite the router’s IOS in
flash, as the router believes you are trying to copy a blank file into flash.

Router#copy running-config start-up Incorrect file name!

**** NOTICE ****
Flash load helper v1.0
This process will accept the copy options and then terminate
the current system image to use the ROM based image for the copy.
Routing functionality will not be available during that time.
If you are logged in via telnet, this connection will terminate.
Users with console access can see the results of the copy operation.
---- ******** ----
Proceed? [confirm]^C
%Copy cancelled by user request.
Router# Press <control> C

51
Ports and Addresses
Interfaces and Ports
 Terms are used interchangeably
 Some interfaces can be can be configured with an IP address such as:
• NIC (Ethernet interface) on a host/computer
• Router’s Ethernet or Serial interfaces

 Switches have ports (interfaces) but do not typically have IP addresses assigned to them
 Used to connect devices on LANs that do have IP addresses such as hosts, routers,
printers.

49
Configuring an Ethernet interface

Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#inter fastethernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip add 172.30.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#end
Router#
Ports and Addresses
IP Addressing in the Large
 Each end device on a
network must be
configured with an IP
address
 Structure of an IPv4
address is called dotted
decimal
 IP address displayed in
decimal notation, with
four decimal numbers
between 0 and 255
 With the IP address, a
subnet mask is also
necessary
 IP addresses can be
assigned to both
physical ports and
virtual interfaces
 IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
will be discussed in more
detail later

51
Configuring Router Serial Interfaces

 Used to connect WANs to routers at a remote site or ISP.

 Same way as before but might need also

• 1. Clock rate to control the timing of the communications if a DCE cable is

connected. Skip this step if a DTE cable is connected.
• 2. Turn on the interface.
• 3. If a DCE device such as a CSU/DSU is used , it will provide the clock.
By default.
• 4. Cisco routers are DTE devices, but they can be configured as DCE
devices.

52
Description
Provides valuable information about:

 The purpose of the interface.

 Devices or locations connected to the interface.
 Circuit and contact information . i.e. where the circuit terminates, the circuit
ID, and the phone number of the company supplying the circuit:
Switch IP address

 IP address is not required for a switch to perform its job of frame forwarding

 Nevertheless , the switch IP address might be configured on a virtual

interface, not a real one, normally VLAN1 for switch management “ Called
also the management VLAN”.
 Allows the network administrator to communicate (SSH, telnet, ping) with
the switch.
 It is OPTIONAL
 By default, all fast ethernet interfaces are belong to VLAN 1 , you can assign
a description to this interface.
 no shutdown - administratively enables the interface

57
Testing the Interface Assignment

Just like any workstation , the switch requires a gateway to communicate

outside its local network.

 SwA(config)#ip default gateway 172.16.255.254

 The default gateway is the address of the local router.

Eng. Ashraf Sabha PSUT Cisco

Academy Training Center 2014. 55
Addressing Devices
Manual IP Address Configuration for End Devices

56
Addressing Devices
IP Address Conflicts

57
Addressing Devices
Automatic IP Address Configuration for End Devices

58
The Command Structure
IOS Examination Commands

59
The show version command
Router>show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-D-L), Version 12.0(5), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) IOS Version
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 15-Jun-99 20:08 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x030380DC, data-base: 0x00001000 ROM Version – not usually an issue

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.0(10c)XB2, PLATFORM SPECIFIC RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
BOOTFLASH: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-BOOT-R), Version 11.0(10c)XB2, PLATFORM
SPECIFIC RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Router uptime is 49 minutes Router boot information

System restarted by reload
System image file is "flash:c2500-d-l_120-5.bin" Booted this IOS file from flash
cisco 2516 (68030) processor (revision J) with 6144K/2048K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID 10375144, with hardware revision 00000001 Amount of
Bridging software. RAM memory
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1. Model & CPU
1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
14 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 repeater port(s) Router interfaces
2 Serial network interface(s)
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
Amount of NVRAM
8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)
Amount of Flash
Configuration register is 0x2102
Configuration Register, important for
Router>
password recovery. Must press space or
return to get this last line!
Show flash

 The show flash command is used to verify that the system has sufficient
memory to load a new Cisco IOS image.
Cisco IOS software features

The Cisco IOS file name contains three parts:

• The platform on which the image runs .

• The special features supported in the image .
• Where the image runs and whether it has been zipped or compressed.
show interfaces <interface> command
Router>show interface ethernet 0 Status
Ethernet0 is administratively down, line protocol is down , using hub 0
MAC Address
Hardware is Lance, address is 0010.7b3a.cf84 (bia 0010.7b3a.cf84)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 ARP cache entries timer Routing metric
Last input never, output 01:05:35, output hang never
Data link information
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
encapsulation (later)
(Ethernet-II)
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
0 input packets with dribble condition detected
63 packets output, 11676 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets
0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
Router>
show ip interface brief command

Used to verify the operation of interfaces and to get a summary of the

interfaces and their operational state..

Router# show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol

Ethernet0 131.108.1.11 YES manual up up
Serial0 198.135.2.49 YES manual administratively down down

What is wrong here? The administrator has either done a “shutdown”

on the interface or has forgotten to do a “no shutdown”.

 A serial interface will not show “up” and “up” unless both ends are
properly configured (mostly) and a the no shutdown command is
used.
 If one router’s configuration looks okay, check the other router’s
configuration.
Up or down

 Interface status: Layer 1

• Up
• Down
• Administratively down (no shutdown to bring up)

 Protocol: Layer 2

• Up
• Down (no keepalive signal received)

69
Configuring a serial interface

RouterA RouterB
DTE cable DCE cable

RouterA#show controllers serial 0

HD unit 0, idb = 0xECA4C, driver structure at 0xF1EC8
buffer size 1524 HD unit 0, V.35 DTE cable
cpb = 0x62, eda = 0x403C, cda = 0x4050
RX ring with 16 entries at 0x624000
00 bd_ptr=0x4000 pak=0x0F5704 ds=0x62FFB8 status=80 pak_size=22

RouterB#show controllers serial 0

buffer size 1524 HD unit 0, V.35 DCE cable, clockrate 64000
cpb = 0x62, eda = 0x408C, cda = 0x40A0
RX ring with 16 entries at 0x624000
00 bd_ptr=0x4000 pak=0x0F2F04 ds=0x627908 status=80 pak_size=22

How can you tell which end is the DTE and which end is the DCE?
 Use the show controllers command.
 It will also tell you the type of cable, in our labs we will be using a V.35 cable.
70
Examining the show commands

 show interfaces – Displays all the statistics for all the interfaces on the router , or
Router#show interfaces serial 0/1

 show clock – Shows the time set in the router

 show users – Displays all users who are connected to the router

 show history – Displays a history of commands that have been entered

71
Testing layer 3
connectivity
 Ping is the best way to test layer 3 connectivity

 Ping uses the ICMP protocol to check for connectivity.

 Time to Live and defines the number of hops that the ping packet has remaining
before it will be dropped.

72
Testing the Loopback C:\>ping 127.0.0.1

• This verifies the protocol stack from the Network layer to the Physical
layer - and back - without actually putting a signal on the media.

Testing NIC using Ping

 A PC is assigned with IP 10.0.0.5

 Ping the IP and if it replies…

• This test verifies that the NIC driver and most of the NIC hardware are
working properly. It also verifies that the IP address is properly bound to
the NIC, without actually putting a signal on the media.
Testing Gateway
 Ping gateway to verify that a local host can connect with a gateway address.
Extended Ping
Router IOS Ping Indicators

! - indicates receipt of an ICMP echo reply

. - indicates a timed out while waiting for a reply : Connectivity problems ,
no path , or security.
U - an ICMP unreachable message was received : router along the path
did not have a route to the destination address and responded with an
ICMP unreachable message.

 The IOS offers an "extended" mode of the ping command from the privileged
EXEC mode .

• Router#ping
• Protocol [ip]:
• Target IP address:10.0.0.1
• Repeat count [5]:
• Datagram size [100]:
• Timeout in seconds [2]:5
• Extended commands [n]: n

 Entering a longer timeout period than the default allows for possible latency
issues to be detected. 75
Tracing & Interpreting Trace Results

 A trace returns a list of hops as a packet is routed through a network.

 Command for PC – tracert
 Command for router – traceroute
 Use tracert / traceroute to identify the source of problem (within LAN or
beyond LAN)

76
 Given a scenario like the following, let put all the tests together to figure
out the problem

Assuming that you are

unaware of the problem
at the beginning
77
Testing Sequence - Putting it all Together
 Test 1: Local Loopback (ping 127.0.0.1)– successful, host 1 has the IP stack
properly configured.

 Test 2: Local NIC (ping own ip address) –

 Test 3: Ping Local Gateway (192.168.23.254) – successful, The default gateway is
operational. This also verifies the operation of the local network.
 Test 4: Ping Remote Host (192.168.11.1) – failed, the problem probably appears
to be somewhere beyond the local network.
 Test 5: Traceroute to Remote Host (192.168.11.1) - Failure at First Hop

C:\>tracert 192.168.11.1

Tracing route to 192.168.11.1 over a maximum of 30 hops

1 * * * Request timed out.
2 * * * Request timed out.
3 ^C
**** the possible problem might be the default gateway setting in host
 Test 6: Lastly Examine Host Configuration for Proper Local Gateway (ipconfig)

 You need correct the default gateway (from 192.168.23.253 to

192.168.23.254) in host to make communication between hosts of different
networks successful.

79
Configuration backup , IOS backup and documentation

 Configuration files should be stored as backup files in the event of a problem.

 Configuration files can be stored on a network server, on a TFTP server, or on a
disk stored in a safe place.

83
Saving Configurations
Capturing Text

77
Restore text file

 Go to global configuration mode

 Hyperterminal Transfer menu
 Send text file…

Or

 Copy text from text file

 “Paste to host” into Hyperterminal session

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