DATA INDUSTRY CHAIN

The 2020 Big Data Landscape

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Data & Ai Landscape 2020
• Data Infrastructure
• Analytics & Machine Intelligence
• Applications — Enterprise
• Open Source
• Data Sources & Apis
• Data Resources

• List of DATA & AI LANDSCAPE 2020

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Industrial Chain
• value attribute of an "industrial chain" relates to the
concept of a "value chain"
• four dimensions:
• a value chain
• an enterprise chain
• a supply chain, and
• a space chain.

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The Meaning of Industrial Chain
• chain of value-added activities
• chain's collection of enterprises is intended to
• meet a specific demand,
• produce a specific product, or
• provide a specific service
• connected by dynamic supply-demand activity of the
enterprises forming its links that is entirely in strict
chronological order( 時間順序 )
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The Meaning of Industrial Chain
• The production of the data product is thus by an alliance of
associated enterprises, each supplying added value.
• The data industry chain's supply and demand relationships
are
• between the different cooperative enterprises developing the data
resources.

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The Meaning of Industrial Chain
• contains enterprises that operate at different industrial
levels
• the upstream enterprises, extending toward the extremity of
the information industry, that include
• data acquisition, data storage, and data management;
• the midstream enter­prises that include
• data processing, data mining, data analysis, and data presentation;
and
• the downstream enterprises that is
• data product marketing including pricing, valuation, and trading.
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The Characteristics of Data Industry
Chain
• Resource Orientation.
• Non-obvious Ecological Effects: integrated internally to safe­guard their
profits
• Independent Entities
• Customization
• Intangible Products: formed through software or algorithms and
delivered through modern communi­cations
• External Dependencies
• establishment and enforcement (e.g., data security, data privacy, data resource
protection) of related policies (e.g., enterprise-supporting poli­cies) and legal
recourses, human resources management, venture capital invest­ments, and
industrial infrastructures 26 7
Attribute-Based Categories
• Resource-Oriented Industrial Chain
• Enterprises that have a resource advantage in the data industry are
the dominant and influential ones
• Dynamic Efficiency Supplied by Technology and Business
• data technology is a dominant factor in the structure of the data
industry, innovating business models or adjusting operations
• Nondependent Industrial Chain
• a nondependent industrial chain with both monopolistic and
competi­tive tendencies

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Industrial Chain Structure
• Economic Entities
• Data Resource Suppliers
• own huge accumulations of data resources
• Multilevel Data Product Providers
• Customization can decide the diversity of the data product, and then the
multiple levels of data product providers, including general level, secondary
level, tertiary level, and so on and on
• Data Product Terminal Customers
• come from all of the present socioeconomic industries or sectors

• Google Data Center in Taiwan 26 9

Industrial Chain Structure
-Environmental Elements: 6 examples
• Institutes for Data Technology and Its Industrialization
• through industry/university cooperation
• evolving into vital leader/influential innovator of data technology
• Data Industrial Bases
• is essentially the "data technologies"-oriented Science and Research
Park
• attract highly skilled employees
• Data industrial Investment Funds
• Timeliness in acquiring capital is often a decisive factor in realizing a
new data technology product
• 3 time periods: incubation period/market expansion period/IP0 period
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 Industrial Chain Structure
-Environmental Elements: 6 examples
• Government Departments
• Government policies and grants from government agencies can strengthen
and protect intellectual property
• tax concessions for innovative projects………..
• Intermediaries.
• Intermediaries include industrial alliances, market research companies,
and business consultation organizations
• Public Service Platforms
• three key public service platforms :
• data product pricing and valuation,
• data product circulation and transaction,
• the training of talented workers in data
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Industrial Chain Formation
• Value Analysis
• two approaches
• one is to analyze the value-added attributes for the enterprise of
the internal data industry chain;
• the other is to quantify the value of different industrial links.
• Value-Added Attributes Analysis
• three value-added attributes:
• The data resource,
• The data technology,
• The data product
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Value-Added Attributes Analysis
• data resource:
• Form previous and existing economic systems: google
• the data technology: serve as tools in the production of data
products
• data product, has two characteristics:
• the continuity of the added value and
• the final co-creation value
• two types: leading and alliances enterprises

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Difference Analysis in Quantifying Value of Industrial Links

• The data industry chain is composed of nine industrial links:

data acquisition, data storage, data man­agement, data
processing, data mining, data analysis, data presentation,
data product pricing & valuation, and data product trading.
• See p.47-50
• Data Management
• three stages of development: as manual management, as a file
system, and as a database management system (DBMS)

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Difference Analysis in Quantifying Value of
Industrial Links
• Data Processing
• Pre-processing refers to converting unprocessed data into a format
suitable for analysis or mining (also called data preparation);
• post-processing guarantees the integra­tion of the only effective and
useful results for data analysis, data mining, and data presentation.
• requires the practitioners to have sensitivity toward the data.
• Data Mining.
• is the most important industrial link in the data industry.
• provides a key supporting role for other industrial links in finding
hidden patterns and trend that cannot be detected by traditional
analytic tools, human observation
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or intuition. 15
. Difference Analysis in Quantifying Value
of Industrial Links
• Data Analysis
• The traditional statistical approach is based on the first kind of analytic
thinking using a hypothesize-and-test paradigm
• does not really "let the data speak for themselves”.
• Data Presentation
• Quickly absorb the visualized information
• stimulated to a new level of understanding by the material being
presented
• Data Product Pricing & Valuation.
• Data Product Trading
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Dimensional Matching
Dimensional matching can have relevance to a study of the
industrial chain's "docking mechanism" ( 對接機制 ) and pertain
to all four dimensions
• Matching the Value Chain: line-line connection, dictated by the
data resource. China’s Alibaba Group
• its transaction data resources through its three platforms: Alibaba (B2B),
Taobao (C2C), and Tmall (B2C)
• Matching the Enterprise Chain: dot-line connection
• relationship between an entity and the whole industry
• be considered a starting point of the industry chain from an enterprise's
concrete form of embodied carrier relationships such as: enterprise vs.
consumer, enterprise vs. enterprise, and enterprise vs. environmental
element. 26 17
Dimensional Matching
• Matching the Supply Chain: inside the industry, dot-dot
connection
• indicating the manufacturing process and industrial level.
• Within is the division of industrial levels and technology, and
specifically a production factors chain, a logistics chain, a demand
chain, a product technology chain, and a technical services chain.
• Matching the Space Chain: regions, line-interface connection
• Two broad categories
• industrial chain links in different regions
• Link entire industrial chain according to geographic size, namely the
global chain, national chain, and regional chain
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EVOLUTION OF INDUSTRIAL CHAIN

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EVOLUTION OF INDUSTRIAL CHAIN

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EVOLUTION OF INDUSTRIAL CHAIN
• Driving Factors.
• choosing a favorable compet­itive environment, breaking down the
barriers to technological progress, and targeting a proper market
selection by satisfying consumer demand.
• Development Pathways
• Extending upward
• Exploring downward
• Vertical enlarging
• Lateral( 橫向 ) subdivision
• Development Mechanisms.
• may start from how to reduce data resource dependence and focus on
balancing between the competing26
interests of different industrial links21
INDUSTRIAL CHAIN GOVERNANCE
• Governance Patterns
• Market Governance:
• not feasible when a data industry chain has not yet been established
• Modular Governance: product
• Relational( 關係 ) Governance
• Captive Governance( 強制治理 )
• is suitable for exclusive transac­tions led by one of the upstream
or downstream enterprises when an industrial chain has not
yet been completely established or is in a disordered state
• Hierarchy Governance:
• is the only internal pattern among the five types, and is an extreme
pattern of vertical industry chain governance
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Instruments of Governance
• Institutional Framework
• the legalities of contracts among these par­ties, articles of agreement
pertaining to duties of the parties, penalties for breach of contract,
costs and benefits computations…
• Authentication
• to ensure that the asset value of the data resource controlled by the
enterprise or organization
• Relevant Standards
• system standards
• informa­tion safety standards that cover IP protection and information
safety
• information technology services standards that cover instructions on
implementing any standardization 26 upgrades 23
Instruments of Governance
• At present, relevant standards in the information industry
applicable to the data industry include
• system standards that cover to enterprise services, software capability,
and advancements in internal procedures, such as the Capability Maturity
Model (CMM) and Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)
• information safety standards that cover IP protection and information
safety, such as the Statement on Auditing Standard 70 (SAS 70)
• information technology services standards that cover instructions on
implementing any standardization upgrades, such as the Information
Technology Service Standard (ITSS).
• However, presently the standards specific to the data industry are
outdated and in dire need of redesign and modification
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The Data Industry Chain And Its
Innovation Network
• Innovation Layers
• in a Single Industrial Link
• An upgrade in a single industrial link
• between Industrial Links.
• involve all economic entities and environmental elements along the data
industry chain
• across Industrial Chains.
• include mutual recognition of standards, collaborative innovation, and
resource sharing.
• Due to active expansion and passive absorption

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The Data Industry Chain And Its
Innovation Network
• Support System
• Human Resources Support
• Capital Support
• Public Service or Law Support

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今天上課到此結束

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本週作業
• 請利用課文裡提到的 Difference Analysis in Quantifying
Value of Industrial Links 中所區分的九種數據產業鏈組合，
對應開學時的「 Matt Turck’s 2020 Big Data & AI Landscape
」，請為每一種產業鏈項目找出一家公司，並且前後串
連成一條產業鏈。

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