Final Year Project

A CASE STUDY ON TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES

AT THE RING ROAD, PESHAWAR

Supervisor:
Engr. Shahid Ayaz

Department of Civil Engineering, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan

GROUP MEMBERS

1 Obaid Rahman (15746) [Group Head]

2 Muhammad Zarrar (15775)

3 Malik Abdul Wahab (15489)

4 Ubaid Ullah (15397)

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OUTLINE
o Introduction
o Literature Review
o Problem Statement
o Research Objectives
o Plan of Work
o Work Schedule Plan
o Data Collection Surveys
o Data Analysis
o Results
o Conclusion & Recommendations
o References

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INTRODUCTION
❑ Background
▪ Traffic management is a critical concern in
cities worldwide, including Peshawar, Pakistan.
▪ Peshawar has seen a significant increase in
traffic congestion due to the growth of
automobiles and poor traffic management.
▪ Consequences include mobility issues, travel
time delays, economic losses, environmental
Traffic Congestion in Peshawar (Source: DAWN.COM)
degradation, and public health concerns.

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INTRODUCTION
❑ Introduction
▪ This study aims to address the issue of traffic
congestion and related problems in Peshawar,
Pakistan, by conducting a case study on a segment
at Ring Road.
▪ The study also covers identifying the underlying
causes of these problems and formulate
comprehensive short, medium, and long-term
traffic management techniques for enhancing the Ring Road Peshawar (Source: Google maps)

city's transportation system.

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PROBLEM STATEMENT

The infrastructure of Peshawar city has been under great strain over the last decade due
to an increase in urban population and ownership and use of private vehicles. The city's
primary highways are plagued by severe traffic congestion, a high accident rate, and
rising air pollution. In order to address this issue, an effective traffic management plan
must be implemented.

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OBJECTIVES

❑ The major objectives of the project are;

1. To assess the current traffic conditions and congestion levels on Ring Road
Peshawar.
2. To propose effective recommendations for improving traffic management and
reducing congestion.

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SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

▪ The proposed traffic improvements in the transportation infrastructure of Peshawar

will uplift the living standard of these people.
▪ The suggested improvements would help to reduce the social cost which occurs in
terms of accidents, traffic delays and environmental degradation.

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SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

Targeted SDGs
The study aligns with the following Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

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LITERATURE REVIEW

▪ In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the various strategies employed

by experts to address the issue of traffic congestion, a thorough review of existing
literature was conducted.
▪ This included an examination of previous research studies and findings related to
the topic, as well as an analysis of the approaches and methods used by different
specialists in the field.
▪ It also helped to identify gaps and areas where further research is needed.
Furthermore, the findings from the literature review were used to develop a
theoretical framework that guided the overall research process.

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METHODOLOGY
Data
Collection

Traffic Volume
Survey

Travel Time
survey
Data Analysis
Vehicle Dimension
Survey

Traffic Congestion
Questionnaire Analysis
Survey

Traffic Flow Conclusions &

Results Recommendations
Analysis

Chi-square Test

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WORK SCHEDULE PLAN

Time (Months)
S.
Activity
No Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

1 Literature Review

2 Collection of Data

3 Analysis of Data

4 Results
Conclusions and
5
Recommendations
6 Writing Thesis

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DATA COLLECTION

D2
D4

D3
D1
`

Traffic survey Key Directions

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DATA COLLECTION

Traffic Surveys at the proposed site

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DATA ANALYSIS

▪ The data collected from the traffic volume, time travel, and vehicle dimension
surveys were analyzed in MS Excel and SPSS Software using the following data
analysis approaches.

Vehicular Dimension Questionnaire

Traffic Volume Survey Travel Time Survey
Survey Survey

Average Daily Average Travel Average

Chi-Square Test
Traffic (ADT) Times Dimensions

Peak-Hour Traffic Travel Time Dimension

Volumes Variations Variations

Traffic Flow Impact on Road

Travel Time Index
Characteristics Infrastructure

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RESULTS

1. Traffic Volume Survey

Traffic Volume Distribution

Location ADT
700
D1 2100 600

Traffic Volume
500
D2 920 400
300 590 540
D3 1920 200
318
100 243
124 176
D4 762 0
6:00 AM 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 11:00 AM

Time Interval
Average Daily Traffic at Ring Road Peshawar
Traffic Hourly Volume Distribution

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RESULTS

2. Travel Time Survey

Route Travel Time (minutes) Average Travel Times for Selected Routes
20
D1 12.5 18
16
14

Time (minutes)
D2 15.2
12
10 18.6
D3 18.6 8 15.2
6 12.5
10.9
4
D4 10.9
2
0
D1 D2 D3 D4

Average Travel Times for Selected Routes Routes

Travel Time Variations for Selected Routes

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RESULTS

3. Vehicular Dimension Survey

12%
22%
9%
Vehicle Type Length (meters) Width (meters) Height (meters)

Cars 4.5 1.8 1.5

Buses 12.0 2.6 3.5

58%
Bikes 1.8 0.8 1.2

Rikshaw 2.5 1.2 1.8

Cars Buses Bikes Rikshaw
Average Vehicle Dimensions by Vehicle Type Distribution of Vehicle Dimensions

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey (Respondent’s Information)

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey (SPSS Results)

▪ The following 4 models were defined and encoded in SPSS software.

Model 1: How frequently do you travel on Ring Road Peshawar vs The heavy
vehicular traffic significantly contributes to traffic?

Model 2: How frequently do you travel on Ring Road Peshawar vs Lack of

traffic signals on Ring Road Peshawar causes traffic

Model 3: How frequently do you travel on Ring Road Peshawar vs Absence of

traffic Police enforcement at Ring Road Peshawar

Model 4: How frequently do you travel on Ring Road Peshawar vs Insufficient

public transportation options lead to more traffic

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey (SPSS Results)

Model 1 Results

The heavy vehicular traffic significantly contributes to traffic Total

1 3 5 2 4
1 15 1 3 26 0 45
How frequently do you
4 2 1 1 3 0 7
travel on Ring Road
2 1 0 0 0 1 2
Peshawar
3 3 0 1 6 0 10
Total 21 2 5 35 1 64
Chi-square Test Results for Model 1
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 36.600a 12 .000

Likelihood Ratio 12.770 12 .386

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey (SPSS Results)

Model 2 Results

Lack of traffic signals on Ring Road Peshawar causes traffic

Total
1 3 5 2 4
1 18 0 4 22 1 45
How frequently do you travel on 4 3 0 2 2 0 7
Ring Road Peshawar 2 0 1 1 0 0 2
3 3 0 4 3 0 10
Total 24 1 11 27 1 64

Chi-square Test Results for Model 2

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 41.045a 12 .000

Likelihood Ratio 17.955 12 .117

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey (SPSS Results)

Model 3 Results
Absence of traffic Police enforcement at Ring Road
Peshawar Total
1 5 2
1 15 4 26 45
How frequently do you travel on Ring Road 4 3 2 2 7
Peshawar 2 1 1 0 2
3 2 2 6 10
Total 21 9 34 64

Chi-square Test Results for Model 3

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 7.020a 6 .319

Likelihood Ratio 7.394 6 .286

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RESULTS

4. Questionnaire Survey (SPSS Results)

Model 4 Results
Insufficient public transportation options leads to more traffic Total

1 3 5 2
1 12 0 8 25 45
How frequently do you travel 4 1 0 2 4 7
on Ring Road Peshawar 2 1 1 0 0 2
3 3 0 2 5 10
Total 17 1 12 34 64

Chi-square Test Results for Model 4

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 33.774a 9 .000

Likelihood Ratio 11.085 9 .270

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CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

❑ U-Turn Design
▪ An essential measure that should be
implemented is the design of a well-
structured U-turn at the highlighted
location in the figure.
▪ By doing so, we can significantly
improve the traffic flow, effectively
reduce congestion, and minimize
delays for commuters.

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CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

❑ Implement Traffic Signal Controls

▪ Another effective measure to enhance
traffic flow at the highlighted location is the
implementation of a traffic signal system.
▪ By synchronizing the signals and optimizing
their timings, the flow of vehicles can be
better regulated, reducing congestion and
minimizing delays for commuters.

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CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

❑ Traffic Police Enforcement

▪ Absence of traffic police at the location disrupts
smooth traffic flow.
▪ Implementing traffic police enforcement is
essential to regulate traffic, ensure compliance with
rules, and address road incidents promptly.
▪ This measure will enhance traffic conditions,
reduce congestion, and improve overall road safety.

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CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

❑ Peak Hour Ban on Heavy Vehicles

▪ Based on the results of a conducted
survey, it has been identified that heavy
vehicles contribute significantly to
traffic delays and congestion on this
road.
▪ Therefore, it is important to implement
a ban on heavy vehicles during peak
hours which can lead to smoother
traffic flow.

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CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

❑ Promote Responsible Driving Behavior

▪ Conduct educational campaigns and utilize
media platforms to raise awareness.
▪ Collaborate with law enforcement agencies
for enforcement drives and education.
▪ Increase traffic law enforcement presence
and implement strict penalties.

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REFERENCES

1. Z. Ali, D. A. A. Shah, and A. Hussain, "Growing Traffic in Peshawar: An Analysis of

Causes and Impacts," South Asian Studies, vol. 27, no. 2, Article 2, 2020. [Online].
Available: http://journals.pu.edu.pk/journals/index.php/IJSAS/article/view/2860
2. L. C. Bento, R. Parafita, and U. Nunes, "Intelligent traffic management at intersections
supported by V2V and V2I communications," in 2012 15th International IEEE
Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2012, pp. 1495-1502.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338766
3. S. S. A. Shah, M. Ayaz, R. Khan, K. Shahzada, and H. K. Z. ALI, "Traffic Analysis of
Warsak Road Peshawar Pakistan," International Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering
and Management, ISSN 2320-3439.

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REFERENCES

4. E. M. Umair and A. Farooq, "An Analysis of Peshawar (Pakistan) Traffic Issues: Its
Causes, Effects and A Strategic Plan to Resolve It," 2020.
5. R. T. Underwood, "TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT: AN INTRODUCTION," [Online].
Available: https://trid.trb.org/view/362282.
6. Olatunji, O. A., & Oladimeji, O. M. (2017). Traffic congestion in developing cities: A
case study of Lagos metropolis. Journal of Transportation Technologies, 7(2), 123-142.
doi: 10.4236/jtts.2017.72010
7. Durairaj, R., & Thampi, G. T. (2015). Traffic congestion detection and management using
vehicular ad hoc networks. International Journal of Engineering Research and General
Science, 3(2), 619-627.

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REFERENCES

8. Ali, M., & Samra, H. (2019). Evaluation of traffic congestion and road safety issues in
urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
(English Edition), 6(1), 1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jtte.2018.06.004
9. Wang, Q., & Lee, H. (2018). Urban road traffic congestion and its sustainable solutions:
A comprehensive review. Sustainability, 10(10), 3654. doi: 10.3390/su10103654
10. Hussain, S., Arshad, R., & Imran, R. (2020). Traffic congestion control in urban areas: A
review. Transport Policy, 92, 97-112. doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.06.006

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 Any Questions?

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