Chapter 3

Management Practice and

Organizational Perfomance
 Introduction
Government >> serve public interest >> must perform superior manner:
❖ Use resource prudently
❖ Operate efficiently
❖ Address problem effectively

Do everything possible to enchance performance of government.

Better management cannot overcome any constraints, but it can make positive
difference.
 3 foundational questions faced by public manager in pursuit of
organizational exellence:

How can the activities of What can managers do to

What defines an effective an organization be encourage motivation
organization? coordinated and and performance of the
controlled? employee?
 Six Mechanism for Coordinating and Controlling
Work Activities

01 Mutual Adjustment 02 Direct Supervision 03 Standardization of

Work Process

04 Standardization of 05 Standardization of 06 Standardization of

Work Outputs Work Skills Values
Four Strategies for Motivating Employee

1. Legal Compliance 3. Job Identification

Using rules, formal directives, and sanctions Offering work that is interesting, challenging,
to direct and control employee behavior and responsible

2. Instrumental Reward
Using rewards to induce desired behaviors 4. Goal Congruence
Hiring employees whose goals and values are
congruence
 Important to Note

No organization can rely on a single model of:

- Organizational effectiveness
- Coordinating and controlling mechanism
- Motivational strategy
Depending on the organization's goal and expected performance, nature of their work tasks, the skill
level of their workers, the circumstances they face, the predispositions of their leaders, etc.