BEARI

NGS
GROUP 2
BEARINGS
GROUP 2
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
• Introduction
• History
• Types & Applications
• Specifications
• Formulas
 INTRODUC
BTION
EARINGS

Any machine or structure that has relative movement requires the use of
bearings. Bearings are the most common component feature used in machines
and structures The range of bearing types and associated applications is
huge and without bearings the all motion would grind to a halt. Bearings
are used in everyday items ranging from the more obvious applications such
as washing machines, cars, the watches on our wrists but also super
structures such as building supported on bearings to allow relative
movements during earthquakes
 HISTORY

2600 BC - Ancient Egyptians used a form of roller bearings to assist in

moving large stone pieces that were for the construction of the Pyramids
40 BC - An early known example of a wooden ball bearing was used to
support a rotating table. This example was found in the remains of a
sunken Roman ship in Lake Nemi, Italy.
 HISTORY

1500 AD - Blueprint drawings and the early concept design of a

helicopter by Leonardo da Vinci used ball bearings. This is the
first known recorded use of bearings in aerospace design.
17th Century - Galileo describes the caged bearing for the first
time
Leonardo da Vinci - Father of the Modern Bearing
 TYPES &
APPLICATIONS CYLINDRICAL ROLLER BEARING
have a simple structure with their cylindrical rollers in linear
contact with the raceways. They offer high load capacity under
primarily radial loads. Low friction between the rollers and ring
ribs makes these bearings suited for high speed rotation.
Applications: Oil and gas, Gearboxes, Wind turbines, Machine tool,
Electric motors, Material handling, Pumps, Steel mills

TAPERED ROLLER BEARING

Are rolling element bearings that can support axial forces and
radial forces. The inner and outer ring raceways are segments of
cones, and the rollers are tapered so that the conical surfaces
of the raceways, and the roller axes if projected, would all meet
at a common point on the central axis of the bearing.
Applications: Suitable for moderate-speed, heavy-duty
applications requiring durability, Automotive wheel bearings,
Agriculture machinery shafts, Engines and reducers, Railroad
axles, Mining, Construction
 TYPES &
APPLICATIONS ROLLING ELEMENT BEARING
probably the most common type of bearing. They are found in
everything from inline skates to hard drives. These bearings can
handle both radial and thrust loads, and are usually found in
applications where the load is relatively small.
Applications: conveyer belt rollers, mid- to heavy-duty electric
motors, and small vehicles

NEEDLE ROLLER BEARING

are bearings with cylindrical rollers that are small in diameter
relative to their length. The modified roller/raceway profile
prevents stress peaks to extend bearing service life.
Applications: radial piston pumps, automotive steering and
braking systems, power tools, transmissions, engines, valve
trains, copiers, fax machines, outboard engines, and lawn
trimmers.
 TYPES &
APPLICATIONS THRUST BEARING
an axial bearing that permits rotation between parts. Thrust
bearings support the axial thrust of both horizontal and vertical
shafts. The functions are to prevent the shaft from drifting in the
axial direction and to transfer thrust loads applied on the shaft.
Applications: cars, because the forward gears in modern car
gearboxes use helical gears which, while aiding in smoothness and
noise reduction, cause axial forces that need to be dealt with.

SPHERICAL ROLLER BEARING

is a rolling-element bearing that permits rotation with low
friction, and permits angular misalignment. Typically these
bearings support a rotating shaft in the bore of the inner ring
that may be misaligned in respect to the outer ring.
Applications: extremely tough running conditions in highly
demanding environments. The bearings are used in applications
prone to misalignment or shaft deflection (bending of the shaft
under specific circumstances, such as an axial load).
 TYPES &
APPLICATIONS BALL BEARING
is a type of rolling-element bearing that uses balls to maintain the
separation between the bearing races. The purpose of a ball bearing
is to reduce rotational friction and support radial and axial loads.
Applications: Aerospace Applications, Agriculture Equipment,
Automotive Industry, and etc.

FLUID BEARING
are bearings in which the load is supported by a thin layer of
rapidly moving pressurized liquid or gas between the bearing
surfaces.
Applications: hydroelectric plants to support turbines and
generators weighing hundreds of tons. They are also used in very
heavy machinery, such as marine propeller shafts.
 TYPES &
APPLICATIONS MAGNETIC BEARING
a type of bearing that supports a load using magnetic levitation.
Magnetic bearings support moving parts without physical contact. For
instance, they are able to levitate a rotating shaft and permit
relative motion with very low friction and no mechanical wear.
Magnetic bearings support the highest speeds of any kind of bearing
and have no maximum relative speed.
Applications: compressors, turbines, pumps, motors and generators.

ANGULAR CONTACT BALL BEARING

are non-separable bearings with a defined contact angle in the
radial direction relative to the straight line that runs through
the point where each ball makes contact with the inner and outer
rings.
Applications: gearboxes, pumps, electric motors, and clutches and
other high-speed applications.
SPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS
 LUBRICANTS
1. Liquid – Mineral oils and synthetic oils
2. Semi-Liquid - A grease is a lubricant that
has higher viscosity than oils. The greases
are employed where slow speed and heavy
pressure exist and where oil drip from the
bearing is undesirable.
3. Solid - are useful in reducing friction where
oil films cannot be maintained because of
pressures or temperatures. They should be
softer than materials being lubricated. A
graphite is the most common of the solid
lubricants either alone or mixed with oil or
grease.
FORMULAS
Terms used in Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing
Heat Taken away by the oil
 Footstep or pivot bearings
• A simple type of footstep bearing, suitable for a slow running and lightly loaded shaft. If the shaft is not of steel, its end must
be fitted with a steel face. The shaft is guided in a gunmetal bush, pressed into the pedestal and prevented from turning by
means of a pin.
• Since the wear is proportional to the velocity of the rubbing surface, which increases with the distance from the axis of the
bearing, therefore the wear will be different at different radii. Due to this wear, the distribution of pressure over the bearing
surface is not uniform. It may be noted that the wear is maximum at the outer radius and zero at the centre.
Equivalent Dynamic Load Reliability of the Bearing
FORMULAS
“ NO MATTER HOW HARD OR
IMPOSSIBLE IT IS, NEVER LOSE

’’
SIGHT OF YOUR GOAL.
– MONKEY D
LUFFY