Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Periodontal ligament
• Alternative infiltration anesthesia method by which the anesthetic
solution is injected directly into the periodontal ligament and
surrounding tissues.
Table 37-2 Local Anesthesia Setup: Anesthetic Syringe
Local Anesthesia Setup
• Anesthetic carpule: Care and caution of use
• Cartridges should be stored at room temperature and
protected from direct sunlight.
• Never use a cartridge that has been frozen.
• Do not use a cartridge if it is cracked, chipped, or
damaged in any way.
• Never use a solution that is discolored or cloudy or has
passed the expiration date.
• Do not leave the syringe preloaded with the needle
attached for an extended period of time.
• Never save a cartridge for reuse.
Table 37-3 Disposable Needle
Local Anesthetic Cautions
• Injection into a blood vessel
• Infected area
• Localized toxic reaction
• Systemic toxic reaction
• Temporary numbness
• Paresthesia
Electronic Anesthesia
• A noninvasive method to block pain electronically by using
a low current of electricity through contact pads that target
a specific electronic waveform directly to the nerve bundle
at the root of the tooth.
• Benefits to the patient:
• No needles.
• No post-operative numbness or swelling.
• Chemical-free method of anesthesia.
• No risk of cross-contamination.
• Reduces fear and anxiety.
• Patients have control over their own comfort level.
Inhalation Sedation
• Nitrous oxide/oxygen (N²O/O²) is a combination of these
gases that the patient inhales to help eliminate fear and to
help the patient relax.
• History
• Dates back to 1844.
• Dr. Horace Wells first used it on his patients.
• Effects
• Non addictive.
• Easy onset, minimal side effects, and rapid recovery.
• Produces stage I anesthesia.
• Dulls the perception of pain.
Contraindication of Using N O/O
• Pregnancy: First trimester ² ²
• Nasal obstruction: Problems inhaling through the nose
• Emphysema: Increased O²
• Multiple sclerosis: Breathing difficulties
• Emotional stability: Altered perception of reality
Inhalation Sedation Equipment
• Cylinders: Gases are dispensed in steel cylinders, which
are colored green for O² and blue for N²O.