SAP - ABAP

BY,
SATYA.
 DEMO AGENDA

• WHAT IS SAP?
• WHY SAP?
• WHAT IS ERP ?,INTRODUCTION TO SAP ERP AND SAP
MODULES, INTRODUCTION TO SAP ARCHITECTURE

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 SAP

• SYSTEM APPLICATION AND PRODUCTS IN DATA PROCESSING.

• WHY SAP?
• THROUGH SAP SOFTWARE A COMPANY CAN PLAN THEIR BUSINESS IN
DIFFERENT ASPECTS LIKE SUPPLY CHAIN SOLUTIONS, MATERIAL
MANAGEMENT, SALES AND DISTRIBUTION, FINANCE CONTROLLING,
HUMAN RESOURCE PLANING, ETC.
• THE TOTAL SAP SOFTWARE IS BUILT USING ABAP PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE, WHICH IS A STANDARD PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
DEVELOPED BY SAP IT SELF, WE CALL ABAP AS 4TH GENERATION
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE (ABAP/4)
 MANUFACTURING COMPANIES :-

 PRODUCTION
 PURCHASING
 WAREHOUSE
 FINANCE
 H.R
 SALES & DISTRIBUTION
 SHIFTING
 ERP
• E - ENTERPRISE
EX : - BIG ORGANIZATION
• R - RESOURCE
EX : - MONEY, MAN, MACHINE, MATERIAL, MARKETING
• P – PLANNING
EX : - WELL INITIALIZATION OF THESE RESOURCES .
 IT CONTAINS PREDEFINED DATABASE TABLES AS WELL AS PROGRAMS.
 EXAMPLES
1.BAAN  90% DB TABLES AS WELL AS PROGRAMS ARE RELATED TO VENDOR AND
CUSTOMER.
2.RAMCO  80% DB TABLES AS WELL AS PROGRAMS ARE RELATED TO FINANCE.
BAAN & RAMCO ARE SUITABLE FOR SMALL/MEDIUM SCALE INDUSTRY.
3.PEOPLE SOFT  HR (USE FOR LARGE SCALE INDUSTRY)
4. ORACLE APPS  FINANCE (USE FOR LARGE SCALE
INDUSTRY)
5. SAP  ALL
 ADV OF SAP

 IT IS CLOSELY “INTEGRATED” ACROSS ALL THE MODULES/DEPORTMENTS.

 SAP IS DEVELOPED IN “MULTI LANGUAGES” AS WELL AS “MULTI CURRENCIES”.
• MULTI LANGUAGES : - IT IS USED TO EXPAND THE BUSINESS IN ALL OVER THE WORLD.
• MULTI CURRENCIES : - THIS IS USED TO COMMUNICATE WITH INTERNATIONAL VENDORS
AND CUSTOMERS.
 SAP IS READY MADE PRODUCT WHICH IS DEVELOPED IN 1972 WITH ‘5’ IBM EMPLOYEES IN
‘GERMANY’.
• READYMADE  CUSTOMIZATION CAN BE DONE, WITH IN A MINIMUM EFFORT (LESS
TIME).
 SAP IS A PLATFORM INDEPENDENT. IRRESPECTIVE OF THE O.S SAP WILL RUN
 SAP CONTAINS “CROSS APPLICATION”.
• CROSS APPLICATION USED EXCHANGE THE DATA FROM ONE SYSTEM TO AN
OTHER SYSTEM (OR) EXCHANGE THE DATA BETWEEN ANY TWO SYSTEMS.
WHAT ARE SAP ARCHITECTURE MODELS ?
WHAT ARE ARCHITECTURE MODELS IN SAP ERP ? WHAT ARE SAP R/1
, R/2, R/3 ARCHITECTURES? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
SAP R/1, R/2 AND R/3 ?
•THERE ARE THREE MODELS WHICH EXISTED IN SAP PRODUCTS.
•R/1 : 1 - TIER ARCHITECTURE
•R/2 : 2 - TIER ARCHITECTURE
•R/3 : 3 - TIER ARCHITECTURE
•HERE, "R" STANDS FOR REAL TIME DATA PROCESSING.

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 R/1 : 1 - TIER ARCHITECTURE

SAP R/1 IS A SINGLE LAYER ARCHITECTURE APPLICATION IN WHICH

ALL THREE COMPONENTS PRESENTATION, APPLICATION AND
DATABASE ARE MERGED AND INSTALLED IN ONE SYSTEM/SERVER.
 R/2 : 2 - TIER ARCHITECTURE
• SAP R/2 IS A TWO LAYER ARCHITECTURE APPLICATION IN WHICH
ALL THREE COMPONENTS PRESENTATION, APPLICATION AND
DATABASE ARE MERGED AND INSTALLED IN TWO
SYSTEMS/SERVERS.
• IN R/2, PRESENTATION COMPONENT IS INSTALLED IN ONE
SYSTEM/SERVER AND
APPLICATION COMPONENT AND DATABASE COMPONENT IS
INSTALLED IN OTHER SYSTEM/SERVER.
 R/3 : 3 - TIER ARCHITECTURE
• SAP R/3 IS A THREE LAYER ARCHITECTURE APPLICATION IN
WHICH ALL THREE COMPONENTS PRESENTATION, APPLICATION
AND DATABASE ARE INSTALLED IN THREE SYSTEMS/SERVERS.
• IN R/3, PRESENTATION COMPONENT IS INSTALLED IN ONE
SYSTEM/SERVER AND
APPLICATION COMPONENT IS INSTALLED IN OTHER
SYSTEM/SERVER
DATABASE COMPONENT IS INSTALLED IN OTHER
SYSTEM/SERVER.
WHAT IS ABAP?
A dvanced
B usiness
A pplication
P rogramming

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ABAP DEVELOPMENT
Reports

Interfaces

Conversions

Extensions

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• SOME OF MODULES IN SAP ARE :
• SAP FI MODULE: FI STANDS FOR FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING.
• SAP CO MODULE: CO STANDS FOR CONTROLLING.
• SAP CRM MODULE: CRM STANDS FOR CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP
MANAGEMENT.
• SAP HR MODULE: HR STANDS FOR HUMAN RESOURCES.
• SAP MM MODULE: MM STANDS FOR MATERIALS MANAGEMENT .
• SAP PP MODULE: PP STANDS FOR PRODUCTION PLANNING.
• SAP QM MODULE: QM STANDS FOR QUALITY MANAGEMENT.
• SAP SD MODULE: SD STANDS FOR SALES AND DISTRIBUTION.
• SAP ABAP MODULE: ABAP STANDS FOR ADVANCED BUSINESS
APPLICATION PROGRAMMING.
• SAP BASIS MODULE: BASIS ALSO KNOWN AS BASIS ADMIN IS
TYPICALLY THE ADMINISTRATION OF SAP.
• SAP SECURITY MODULE: SECURITY ENSURES SECURITY OF
ENTERPRISE OPERATIONS.
S
A FI ABAP REPORTS
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Report
Output
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 REPORTS
BASED ON THE GIVEN INPUT WE FETCH THE DATA FROM
THE DATABASE AND DISPLAYED IN A PREDEFINED
FORMAT.

THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF REPORTS.

1.CLASSICAL :-- IT IS NOTHING BUT TO DISPLAY THE
ENTIRE INFORMATION IN A SINGLE LIST.

2.INTERACTIVE :-- TO DISPLYA THE SUMMARIZED

INFORMATION IN THE BASIC LIST AND DETAILED
INFORMATION IN THE NEXT LIST.

3.ALV REPORTS :-- TO DISPLAY THE OUTPUT WITH

PREDEFINED FUNCTIONALITIES SUCH AS COLORS,
BORDERS, LINES.
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 INTERFACES

• THIS IS USED TO CONNECTING FROM “SAP TO SAP” AS WELL AS “SAP

TO NON-SAP”.
INTERFACES

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 CONVERSIONS :--

• CONVERSION PROGRAMS ARE USED TO TRANSFER THE DATA FROM

THE FILE TO SAP SYSTEM.
CONVERSIONS

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 EXTENSIONS/ENHANCEMENT :--

• EXTENSIONS ARE USED TO ADDING SOME ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONAL TO THE

STANDARD FUNCTIONALITY WITH OUT DISTURBING THE STANDARD
FUNCTIONALITY.
• EXTENSIONS ARE :-- BADI
USER EXISTS
CUSTOMER EXISTS
ENHANCEMENT FRAME WORK
 EXTENSIONS
Customizing / User-Exits Modifications

SAP Delivered SAP Delivered

ABAP Program ABAP Programs
USER EXIT
My ABAP Code
CALL USER EXIT My ABAP Code

Supported by SAP Generally not supported by SAP

New ABAP Development Add-on / Bolt-on

My New SAP SAP Delivered
Transaction 3rd Party
ABAP Programs
Application
My ABAP Code
Programs
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Supported by SAP Generally supported by SAP

 FORMS

• FORMS ARE USED TO DESIGN THE BUSINESS DOCUMENTS SUCH AS

BILL’S, OFFER LETTERS, EXPERIENCE LETTERS, INVOICE, SALES
ORDER LAYOUTS.
FORMS

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 IN SAP-ABAP
• SOURCE CODE :- THE SOURCE CODE OF AN ABAP CONSISTS OF
EITHER A STATEMENT OR COMMENT.
• STATEMENT :- A STATEMENT IS THE COLLECTION OF OPERATORS,
OPERANDS, VARIABLES AND KEYWORDS.
• OPERATORS :- IN ABAP WE HAVE 3 TYPE OF OPERATORS THESE ARE,
1. MATHEMATICAL OPERATORS
2.COMPARATIVE OPERATORS
3.RELATIONAL / LOGICAL OPERATORS
• OPERANDS :- OPERANDS ARE VARIABLES WHICH WE NEED TO
PERFORM THE PARTICULAR OPERATION. EG : C= A + B.
• VARIABLES :- VARIABLE IS THE NAME GIVEN TO THE SOME
MEMORY LOCATION.
 KEYWORDS
• KEYWORDS ARE USED TO IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF THE STATEMENT KEYWORDS ARE
1.CALLING KEYWORDS
2.CONTROLING KEYWORDS
3.DECLARATIVE KEYWORDS
4.DEFINATION KEYWORDS
5.DATABASE KEYWORDS
6.EVENT KEYWORDS
7.OPERATIONAL KEYWORDS
DECLARATIVE KEYWORDS :- DECLARATIVE KEYWORDS ARE USED TO DECLARE THE
VARIABLES IN ABAP SOME OF THE DECLARATIVE KEYWORDS ARE,..
1.DATA 2.PARAMETER 3.TYPES 4.TABLES
 COMMENTS :-
• COMMENTS ARE NON EXECUTABLE STATEMENTS THESE ARE USED TO IMPROVE
THE READABILITY OF THE PROGRAM.
• IF WE WANT TO COMMENT THE ENTIRE LINE THEN WE MUST PLACE THE “*” IN
THE FIRST COLUMN. THEN ENTIRE LINE IS CALLED AS A COMMENT.
• EG : *---------
• IF WE WANT TO COMMENT THE PORT OF LINE THEN WE PLACE “,,” FROM DOUBLE
QUOTATION ON WORDS. IT IS CALLED AS COMMENT.
• EG :- C = A + B “ LOGIC
 DATA TYPES :-
• IN SAP-ABAP TWO TYPES OF DATA TYPES.
NUMERIC DATA TYPE :-
INTEGER  I
FLOAT  F
PACKED DECIMAL  P

CHARACTER DATA TYPE :-

CHAR  C
HERE ‘CHAR’ IS ALPHA NUMERIC THAT MEANS IT ACCEPT INTEGERS, AS
WELL AS CHARACTERS.
NUMERIC CHAR  N, DATES  D, TIME  T.
NOTE :- HERE INTEGER, FLOAT, DATES AND TIME ARE FIXED LENGTH
DATE TYPES AND REST OF THE THINGS ARE VARIABLE LENGTH DATA
TYPE.
• SYNTAX OF INTEGER (I) :-
DATA <VARIABLE NAME> TYPE I.
• EG:- DATA A TYPE I. (DEFAULT VALUE IS ‘O’)

• SYNTAX OF FLOAT (F) :-

DATA <VARIABLE NAME> TYPE F.
EG: DATA A TYPE F. (INITIAL VALUE IS ‘.00’)

• SYNTAX OF CHAR :-
DATA <VARIABLE NAME> (<LENGTH>)TYPE C.
EG :- DATA A(5) TYPE C. (INITIAL VALUE IS “SPACE”

SYNTAX OF DATE (D) :-

DATA <VARIABLE NAME> TYPE D.
EG : DATA A TYPE D. ((INITIAL FORMAT IS YYYY MM DD)
 ADDITION OF TWO NUMBERS:-

• IN C • IN ABAP
• DATA A TYPE I.
• INT A,B,C;
DATA B TYPE I.
A = 10;
B = 20; DATA C TYPE I.

C = A + B; A = 10.
PRINTF (“%D”, C); B = 20.
C = A + B.
WRITE C.

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 QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS

• WHAT QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS

DO YOU HAVE?

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