LESSONS

FOR THE
SUMMATIVE 1 AVP

10 VERBS
TENSES
PARTICLES
STRUCTURE
 THE VERBS AND THEIR
TENSES
ENGLISH NIHONGO PRESENT PRESENT NEGATIVE PAST PAST NEGATIVE

GO IKU IKIMASU IKIMASEN IKIMASHITA IKIMASEN DESHITA

COME KURU KIMASU KIMASEN KIMASHITA KIMASEN DESHITA

RETURN KAERU KAERIMASU KAERIMASEN KAERIMASHITA KAERIMASEN DESHITA

SLEEP NERU NEMASU NEMASEN NEMASHITA NEMASEN DESHITA

WAKE UP OKIRU OKIMASU OKIMASEN OKIMASHITA OKIMASEN DESHITA

EAT TABERU TABEMASU TABEMASEN TABEMASHITA TABEMASEN DESHITA

DRINK NOMU NOMIMASU NOMIMASEN NOMIMASHITA NOMIMASEN DESHITA

WATCH MIRU MIMASU MIMASEN MIMASHITA MIMASEN DESHITA

STUDY BENKYO SURU BENKYO SHIMASU BENKYO SHIMASEN BENKYO SHIMASHITA BENKYO SHIMASEN

DESHITA

TAKE KAKARU KAKARIMASU KAKARIMASEN KAKARIMASHITA KAKARIMASEN DESHITA

 THE PARTICLES
PARTICLES WITH THEIR DEFINITIVE FUNCTIONS CONNECT AND ADD MEANING TO WORDS IN THE SENTENCE
USEFUL PARTICLES FOR THE PRACTICAL APPLICATION ENABLING ASSESSMENT
WA TOPIC MARKING PARTICLE - DENOTES PRECEDING WORD AS THE SUBJECT OF THE
SENTENCE
Example : KYO WA DOYOUBI DESU. TODAY IS SATURDAY. Kyo (today) is the topic.
OKAASAN WA 45SAI DESU. MOTHER IS 45 YEARS OLD. Okaasan (mother) is
the topic.
NI DENOTES TIME, DAY, AND DATE - WHEN VERB USED IS NOT DESU ( not AM, IS, ARE) ALSO
AFTER
PLACE WHERE ONE GOES, COMES, RETURNS
Example : SHARMAINE SAN WA GETSUYOUBI NI MANIRA NI IKIMASU.
SHARMAINE MONDAY MANILA WILL GO
BUT NOT WITH THE VERB DESU..
Example: NIHONGO NO KURASU WA KAYOUBI DESU. (no NI after kayoubi day)
O DENOTES PRECEDING WORD IS OBJECT OF THE VERB
Example : OJIISAN WA MANGO O TABEMASU. GRANDPA EATS MANGO.
 SENTENCE STRUCTURE
JAPANESE SENTENCE STRUCTURE FOLLOWS THE SUBJECT OBJECT VERB PATTERN. THE SUBJECT
IS AT THE BEGINNING AND THE VERB IS AT THE END, OTHER PARTS OF THE SENTENCE COME
AFTER THE SUBJECT AND BEFORE THE VERB.
JULIANNE SAN WA MAIASA GOZEN 6:30 NI OKIMASU.
JULIANNE WAKES UP AT 6:30 AM EVERY MORNING.
MARK SAN WA KINOO MIRUKU O NOMIMASHITA
YESTERDAY, MARK DRANK MILK
CHICHI WA SHIGATSU JUNINICHI NI BAGUIO NI IKIMASU.
FATHER WILL GO TO BAGUIO ON APRIL 12.
WATASHI WA KINOU NO BAN BANGOHAN O TABEMASEN DESHITA
LAST NIGHT, I DID NOT EAT DINNER.
ZYRA SAN WA ASHITA, GOZEN JUJI KARA GOZEN JUICHIJI HAN MADE EIGO O BENKYO SHIMASU.
ZYRA WILL STUDY ENGLISH TOMORROW FROM 10:00 AM TO 11:30 AM.
KYO WA SUIYOUBI DESU.