KINETIC

PARTICLE
THEORY
States of matter
 SOLIDS
 Definite Shape: Solids have a fixed shape and volume. They
maintain their shape even when subjected to external forces.
 Strong Intermolecular Forces: The particles in solids are
closely packed and have strong intermolecular forces, which
keep them in a fixed position.
 Incompressibility: Solids are generally incompressible,
meaning their volume remains constant even under pressure.
 High Density: Solids have a high density compared to liquids
and gases.
 Low Diffusion Rate: Diffusion in solids is relatively slow, as
the particles can only vibrate in their fixed positions.
 LIQUIDS
 Indefinite Shape: Liquids have an indefinite shape,
adapting to the shape of their container. However, they
have a definite volume.
 Weak Intermolecular Forces: The intermolecular forces in
liquids are weaker compared to solids, allowing the
particles to move more freely.
 Incompressibility: Liquids are also nearly incompressible,
although they can be compressed slightly under high
pressure.
 Moderate Density: Liquids have a lower density
compared to solids but higher than gases.
 Moderate Diffusion Rate: Liquids exhibit a higher
diffusion rate compared to solids but lower than gases.
 GASES
 Indefinite Shape and Volume: Gases have neither a
definite shape nor volume. They completely fill the
container they are placed in.
 Weak Intermolecular Forces: The particles in gases have
weak intermolecular forces, allowing them to move freely
and independently.
 Compressibility: Gases are highly compressible, and
their volume can be reduced significantly under pressure.
 Low Density: Gases have a low density compared to
solids and liquids.
 High Diffusion Rate: Gases diffuse rapidly, as the
particles move quickly and randomly.