The Evolution of

Electricity
Discover the fascinating history of electricity, from
its origins in ancient civilizations to the
groundbreaking inventions of famous scientists
and inventors.
Understanding Electricity
1 A Force of Nature ⚡️ 2 Properties of 3 Different Sources
Electricity
Discover the variety
Electricity is the flow Explore voltage, of sources that
of electrons, creating current, resistance, generate electricity,
energy that powers and other from traditional fossil
our modern world. fundamental concepts fuels to renewable
that govern the energy.
behavior of
electricity.
 Pioneers of Electricity
Benjamin Franklin
 Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers
of the United States and a renowned polymath, who
contributed significantly to the fields of science,
literature, politics, and diplomacy.
 He is also credited with discovering the principles of
electricity, and he performed several experiments and
inventions related to electricity, such as the lightning
rod and the Franklin stove.
 Unveil the story of Benjamin Franklin's famous
experiment with a kite, which revealed the connection
between lightning and electricity.
Thomas Edison
 Thomas Edison was an American inventor and
businessman who is most famously known for
inventing the electric lightbulb. His contributions
to the field of electricity and innovation have
had a lasting impact on society and continue to
inspire future advancements in the field.
 Dive into the groundbreaking work of Thomas
Edison, the inventor of the practical electric light
bulb.

Nikola Tesla
 Nikola Tesla was a brilliant inventor who
had a significant impact on the
development of modern physics and
engineering. He is most widely
recognized for his contributions to the
design of the modern alternating current
(AC) electricity supply system.
 Unearth the genius of Nikola Tesla and
his contributions to alternating current
(AC) electricity.
James Clerk Maxwell
 was a Scottish physicist who
played a crucial role in
understanding and
formulating the laws of
electromagnetism. His
famous equations, known as
Maxwell's equations,
provided a unified description
of electricity and magnetism.
 Maxwell's work laid the
foundation for the
development of technologies
such as radio communication
and electric power
generation.
Charles Coulomb
 was a French physicist who
made significant
contributions to the study
of electricity and
magnetism.
 He is known for describing
the relationship between
electric charges, as well as
developing Coulomb's law,
which states that the force
between two charged
objects is proportional to
the product of their charges
and inversely proportional
to the distance between
them.

Hans Christian Oersted
 The invention of Hans Christian Oersted, known as Oersted's Experiment,
furthered the understanding of the link between electricity and magnetism.
 In 1820, Oersted discovered that a current-carrying wire could create a
magnetic field, showing the connection between these two fundamental
forces. This discovery laid the groundwork for the development of
electromagnetism and transformed the field of physics.
Alessandro Volta
 was an Italian physicist who invented the
first electric battery, known as the Voltaic
Pile.
 His invention allowed for a constant and
reliable source of electrical energy, leading
to significant advancements in various fields
such as chemistry and technology.
 For his contributions, the unit of
electromotive force, unit of electromagnetic
force was named the volt in his honor, which
is still used today.
 The invention of George Simon Ohm, Ohm's Law, was a
 The invention in the field of electromagnetism was made
critical step in understanding the relationship between current,
by Michael Faraday. Faraday's invention of the electric
voltage, and resistance in electrical circuits.
motor in the early 19th century revolutionized the way we
 His law states that the current passing through a conductor
harness electrical energy.
between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across
 By converting electrical energy into mechanical energy,
the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance
Faraday's electric motor made it possible to power
between them. This understanding paved the way for the
machines and devices, laying the foundation for the
development of modern electrical applications and systems.
industrial revolution and the development of countless
modern technologies.
 André-Marie Ampère, who made significant

Henrich Rudolph Hertz played an important role in contributions to the development of electromagnetism

the field of electromagnetism through his discovery theory as well as practical applications. Ampère's

of radio waves. Hertz's experiments with oscillating invention of the solenoid and his work on the

circuits led to the development of wireless relationship between electricity and magnetism laid

communication and paved the way for advancements the groundwork for the development of electrical

in technology such as radio, television, and cellular power generators and transformers. His research also

phones. He is often referred to as the "father of radio" allowed for the calculation of the magnetic fields of

for his contributions to the field. various objects and materials.

Karl Friedrich Gauss also made important contributions to the Another important figure in the development of
field of electromagnetism, namely through his invention of the
electromagnetism was Wilhelm Eduard Weber, who
electromagnetic telegraph. This device relied on a series of relays to
worked alongside Gauss to develop the electromagnetic
transmit electrical signals over long distances, and laid the
telegraph. Weber also made significant contributions to the
groundwork for the development of modern communication
measurement of electrical quantities, inventing the
systems. Additionally, Gauss's work on the theory of magnetism
electrodynamometer which allowed for the precise
contributed to our understanding of the Earth's magnetic field and its
measurement of electric currents. His research on the
fluctuations.
relationship between magnetic fields and electrical currents
greatly advanced the field of electromagnetism.
 What is Electricity?
Electricity can be defined as the physical phenomena
resulting from the presence and movement of
charged particles, such as electrons. It encompasses
a wide range of phenomena, from the static
electricity that builds up when we rub two materials
together to the electrical power we use to light our
homes and power our devices. The study of
electricity has led to the development of many
practical applications, including motors, generators,
and communication systems.
Generating Electricity

1 Traditional Methods

Explore the use of non-renewable resources like coal, natural gas, and nuclear
power to generate electricity.

2 Renewable Alternatives

Learn how solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal power are harnessed to produce
clean and sustainable electricity.

3 The Future Ahead

Discover cutting-edge technologies and innovations that promise a greener and

more efficient future in electricity generation.
 Powering the World
Electricity Endless Applications Sustainable Solutions
Distribution
Examine the Explore the endless Discover how the
complex network of applications of adoption of
power lines and electricity in renewable energy
grids that ensure everyday life, from sources can aid in
electricity reaches lighting up our reducing carbon
homes, businesses, homes to powering emissions and
and industries. advanced mitigating climate
technologies. change.
 SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY

1. SOLAR ENERGY

Solar energy is a renewable and

sustainable form of energy derived
from the sun's radiation. It is harnessed
and converted into electricity or used
directly for various applications.
Solar energy is considered a clean and
environmentally friendly energy source
because it produces no greenhouse gas
emissions or air pollutants during
electricity generation.
 How solar energy works:
Solar Panels (Photovoltaic Cells):
Solar panels, also known as photovoltaic (PV) cells, are the primary technology used to capture solar
energy. These panels are typically made of semiconductor materials, such as silicon, that can convert
sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect.
Sunlight Absorption:
When sunlight (photons) hits the surface of a solar panel, it excites electrons within the
semiconductor material, generating an electric current.
Inverter:
The direct current (DC) electricity produced by solar panels is then sent to an inverter, which converts
it into alternating current (AC) electricity, the type of electricity used in most homes and businesses.
Utility Grid or Energy Storage:
The converted AC electricity can be used to power electrical devices and appliances in homes or
businesses. Any excess electricity can be sent back to the utility grid if the system is grid-connected,
or it can be stored in batteries for later use if the system includes an energy storage component.
Net Metering (for grid-connected systems):
In many regions, grid-connected solar installations can take advantage of net metering. This allows
excess electricity generated during sunny periods to be fed back into the grid, and the owner receives
credit or compensation for this electricity, offsetting their electricity bills.
 Solar energy has several advantages:
Renewable: Solar energy is an abundant and inexhaustible energy source, as
the sun continues to shine for billions of years.

Clean and Green: Solar power generation produces no air or water pollution
and has minimal environmental impact compared to fossil fuels.

Reduced Energy Bills: Solar panels can significantly reduce electricity bills for
homeowners and businesses.

Low Operating Costs: Once installed, solar panels require minimal maintenance
and have a long lifespan (typically 25 years or more).

Energy Independence: Solar energy can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and
help stabilize energy prices.
..\VIDEOS\electricity\What is Solar Energy_.mp4
3. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source that is

extracted from the heat of the earth's surface.
 It is a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels and has
numerous applications such as heating, electricity
generation, and industrial processes.

..\VIDEOS\electricity\Renewable Energy 101_ How Does Ge

othermal Energy Work_.mp4
4. HYDROGEN ENERGY

Hydrogen energy, also known as hydrogen power, refers

to the utilization of hydrogen as a source of energy.
 It is a clean and sustainable form of energy that can
be produced through various methods such as
electrolysis and steam methane reforming.

..\VIDEOS\electricity\What is hydrogen energy and how

does it work_.mp4
5. TIDAL ENERGY

Tidal energy is a renewable source of electricity that harnesses

the power of ocean tides to generate electricity. The energy is
captured through the use of turbines, which are rotated by the
flow of the tides, transforming the kinetic energy into electrical
energy.
..\VIDEOS\electricity\What is Tidal Energy_.mp4
6. WAVE ENERGY

Wave energy is a type of renewable energy that harnesses

the power of ocean waves to generate electricity. This
technology utilizes the mechanical motion of waves to
move a device, such as a turbine or generator, and convert
the energy into electricity.
..\VIDEOS\electricity\Wave Energy.mp4
7. HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

Hydroelectric energy is a form of renewable energy that harnesses

the power of moving water to generate electricity. It functions by
converting the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy and
then into electrical energy using an electric generator.
..\VIDEOS\electricity\Hydroelectric Power - How it Works.mp4
8. BIOMASS ENERGY

Biomass energy refers to the use of organic materials, such as

wood, crops, landfill gas, and municipal waste, to generate
electricity and heat. This renewable energy source is considered
carbon-neutral, as the carbon dioxide released during
combustion is offset by the amount absorbed during the life cycle
of the biomass.
..\VIDEOS\electricity\Renewable Energy 101_ How Does Biomass
Energy Work_.mp4
9. NUCLEAR POWER

Nuclear power is a type of electricity generated by splitting

atoms, which creates heat that then drives a turbine to produce
electricity. This form of energy is highly efficient and has the
potential to produce large amounts of electricity with minimal
emissions.
..\VIDEOS\electricity\Nuclear Energy Explained_ How does it wor
k_ 1_3.mp4
10. FOSSIL FUELS

Fossil fuels are natural resources, such as coal, oil, and natural gas,
that are formed from the organic remains of ancient plants and
animals. These fuels are burned to produce electricity by releasing
stored energy in the form of heat.
..\VIDEOS\electricity\How are Fossil Fuels Formed_ _ Coal, Oil & Natural Gas.mp4