Government, Politics, and Cultures

in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and

Latin America
Part 2
Outline
Review
Nation? State? Nation-state? (Political Culture)
Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East
Nation? State? Nation-state? (Political Culture)
State Nation
 State Nation

internationally recognized
 State Nation

internationally recognized

politically organized
 State Nation

internationally recognized

politically organized

populated
 State Nation

internationally recognized

politically organized

populated

geographical area
 State Nation

internationally recognized

politically organized

populated

geographical area

sovereignty
 State Nation

group of people
internationally recognized

politically organized

populated

geographical area

sovereignty
 State Nation

group of people
internationally recognized
identification as political
politically organized community

populated

geographical area

sovereignty
 State Nation

group of people
internationally recognized
identification as political
politically organized community

common bonds (territorial,

populated cultural, etc.)

geographical area

sovereignty
 State Nation

group of people
internationally recognized
identification as political
politically organized community

common bonds (territorial,

populated cultural, etc.)

geographical area feeling of belonging/identity

sovereignty
 State Nation

group of people
internationally recognized
identification as political
politically organized Homogenous community

common bonds (territorial,

populated Heterogenous cultural, etc.)

geographical area feeling of belonging/identify

sovereignty
Which item is not an element of a state?
a. Government
b. Clearly defined territory
c. Sovereignty
d. Feeling of belonging
Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East
 Africa Asia Latin America Middle East

Countries More than 160 countries

Population ¾ of the world’s population

History Ruled by Europeans (for the most part)

Economy Largely agricultural and relative low levels of industrialization

Demography Shorter life spans, lower literacy rates and less urbanization
 Natural beauty, cultures and Failed nationalist visions
minerals

Nation building
Poverty and conflict

Ethnic conflict, 19th century

borders, famine, drought and
Speaking more than one diseases
language

Untapped natural resources

Sahara Desert

Thousands of languages and

hundreds of ethnic and religious
groups

Rich and proud history

General Act of Berlin

End of World War I as new hope

for African resistance
 Major world religions

Among the oldest civilizations in

human history

Systems of governance

Japan vs Bangladesh

Material and spiritual

contributions

Prehistoric governments

Japan vs Bangladesh
 Controversial term Gap between rich and poor

Factionalism of political parties

Euro-African and Native
American cultures and
languages Natural disasters

Controversial term
Ethno-national and social
tensions

Catholic majority
Migration to the North

West Indies

Resource depletion,
colonization, slavery, and
genocide

Explorations and “discoveries”

Hegemony, stagnant economic

conditions, wealth concentration
and political turmoil

WorldAtlas. (n.d.). [Map of Latin America]. Retrieved February 13, 2023, from
https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/latin-american-countries.html
Ambiguous and confusing term Problems of illiteracy

Cradle of Civilization Low life expectancy

Scientific and cultural High infant mortality

contributions

World War i & II Exploding populations

Cold War
Economic hardships

Strategic location and natural

resources
Political decay
This continent is known to be the location of old civilization Mesopotamia.

a. Middle East
b. Latin America
c. Africa
This continent is known to be the location of the earliest human traces.

a. Middle East
b. Latin America
c. Africa