Kwame Nkrumah University of

Science & Technology, Kumasi,

Ghana

2022/2023 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN

REDEVELOPMENT OF THE MASTER

PLAN FOR THE COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING-KNUST (PHASE 1)

Group Number 29 as
NAPARD Consortium
 CONSULTANTS - Group 29

DZAMAKLU Rex Senyo

AMAMBEY Kwabena OBENG Pascal Blaise
Highway Engineer
Geotechnical Engineer Structural Engineer

BEDINKA Nathanael
AZIZ Abdul-Samed AMANKWAH Denzel Waste management
Drainage Engineer Water Supply Engineer Engineer
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GENERAL LAYOUT

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GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEER

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 METHOD
 Preliminary site investigation
• Desk studies
• Consultations
• Field reconnaissance

 Subsurface exploration programme

• In situ tests
• laboratory tests

 Ground investigation criteria which sought to cover the:

• purpose of the investigation
• site information
• project requirements
• economics of the project

 Reference to standard codes of practice used in Ghana , USA and UK

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LAYOUT FOR SAMPLING

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 RESULTS
• SOIL PROFILE AND STRENGTH PROFILE FOR LABORATORY BUILDING

SPT N-value
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0

Depth(m)
6

10

12

14
BH-1 BH-2 BH-3
AVERAGE N-VALUE REFUSAL

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 RESULTS
• FOUNDATION DESIGN
BEARING CAPACITY
S OLING TECHNIQUE CURVE OF ALLOWABLE LOAD
MATERIAL: BOULDER N-VALUE: 30 AGAINST FOUNDATION WIDTH
Allow able s e ttle me nt,S e = 25.4mm
6000.00

Ne t allow able
5000.00
be aring c apac ity, qa(ne t)
As s ume d w idth, De pth (kN/m²) Allow able load
B(m) fac tor, Fd Qa=B²×qa(ne t), (kN) 4000.00

Qall (kN)
1.6 1.31 667.02 1707.56
3000.00
1.8 1.28 626.61 2030.22
2 1.25 595.46 2381.85
2000.00
2.2 1.23 570.74 2762.40
2.4 1.21 550.67 3171.84 1000.00
2.6 1.19 534.04 3610.12
B= 1.8m
2.8 1.18 520.05 4077.22
0.00
1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3
3 1.17 508.13 4573.14
Foundation Width, B(m)
3.2 1.15 497.84 5097.87
De pth of foundation, Df= 1.5m

Foundation size: 2m×2m

Depth: 1.5m
Bearing Capacity: 478.57kN/m²

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 RESULTS
• SUBGRADE CHARACTERISTICS FOR ROAD WORKS

FIELD CBR VALUES

POINT 2 POINT 3
Thickness Average Thickne Average
LAYER mm CBR LAYER ss CBR
(%) mm (%)
1 200 2 1 200 8
2 200 3 2 450 5
3 600 5 3 350 7
POINT 6
Average
Thickness
LAYER CBR
mm
(%)
1 200 8
2 400 6
3 300 4

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 RESULTS
• SUBGRADE CHARACTRISTICS FOR PARKING AREA

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 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

• Groundwater is not expected to be detrimental to the foundation

of the laboratory building.
• The subgrade soil is good enough to be considered as a subgrade
layer.
• Construction materials are of standard qualities and are therefore
recommended for use.
• Routine checks should be conducted to monitor groundwater
conditions around the laboratory.
• Subgrade treatment may be considered as places where
difficulties are encountered.
• In case the contractor wishes to procure materials from different
source, materials must be tested and approved by professional
engineer before use.
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STRUCTURAL ENGINEER

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 METHOD

1. Estimation of Load
a. Suitable Load Combination
b. Load Analysis

2. Analysis of Structure
c. Employed Software
d. Hand Calculation

3. Design of Section & Reinforcement

e. Selection of sizes of structural elements
f. Rebar specifications and spacing
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 METHOD
4. Detail Drawings
a. Sketches
b. Employed AutoCAD

5. Design Checks
c. Economics
d. Stability

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GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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SECTIONS

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SECTIONS

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SECTIONS

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SAMPLE DETAILS

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 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

• CONCLUSION
The resulting structure is expected to stand strong
throughout its lifetime and be economically feasible. This
is because all assumptions made during the design process
aimed to ensure the stability and durability of the structure
while also taking cost-effectiveness into account.

• RECOMMENDATION
To be able to meet the ultimate and serviceability
requirements, the instructions in the drawing must be
followed, together with the material specifications.
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 .

HIGHWAY ENGINEER

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 METHOD

• Traffic Studies
• 3days – ADT – AADT – Design period (M) – Growth Rate – Growth
Factor – ESALs.
• Geometric Design
• Functional Class - Design vehicle – Design speed – Cross Sectional
Elements (OURV) – Alignments
• Pavement Design
o Design Traffic
• T2 and S3 (ORN 31)
• CBR 8%
• Base thickness - 150mm
• Subbase thickness – 175mm
• Material – (G60)
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ROAD LAYOUT

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TYPICAL SECTION THROUGH ROAD

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ROAD PROFILE

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 DETAILS OF INTERSECTION

• Use of Yield signs for intersection improvement & Road

Safety

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 PARKING DESIGN

• Design Guide – Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute Method

and GHA Road Design Guide
o Design Parameters
• Traffic Load (ESAL) – 515,387
• Subgrade strength - 5%
o Design Specifications
• Pavement surface - Pavement blocks( 200×100×80) with 45 degrees
herringbone laying pattern.
• Base thickness - 100mm
• Subbase - 97mm
• Vehicle type - Small vehicle.
• Maximum number – 80
• Parking type – 30 degrees advance-reverse parking.
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 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

• Roads of lane width 3.25m with cross-slope 3% should be

constructed.
• Schedule for Rehabilitation works should be strictly
followed.
• The pavement is designed with a base thickness of 150mm
and a subbase thickness of 175mm.
• The parking lot designed has a pavement design with a sub-
base thickness of 97mm and base thickness of 100mm.
• The shoulder width of the road is 2.0m with a sidewalk
width of 2.0m
• Road users caught flouting road safety regulations should
be penalized.
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WATER RESOURCES &
DRAINAGE ENGINEER

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 METHOD

Water Resources
• Consideration of Various Sources & Consultations
• Recommendation
Drainage
• To calculate the runoff on different catchment areas, the
rational formula is utilized.

• Manning's formula is used to determine the peak flow

in the drains .

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 SOURCES OF WATER AND
RECOMMENDATION
Sources of Water Considered:
• Ghana Water Company Limited
• Boreholes
• Tapped Rainwater
Source of Water Recommended:
• Boreholes
Recommendation:
Existing borehole at the Engineering Labs(with yield of
140L/min) to be used for supply to the entire area and four
(4) new boreholes with an average yield of 120L/min to be
drilled to supplement it.
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LAYOUT OF DRAINS

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TYPICAL PROFILE OF A DRAIN

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SECTIONS OF DRAINS AND INLETS

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 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

• Roadside storm drain pipes of 375mm diameter with an

average inlet length of 2m is adequate for draining all
the water on the proposed road.
• Installation of precast pipe drains should be overseen
by an experienced engineer.
• Filling should be provided at locations prone to erosion
due to overland flow.
• Drainage areas with fill materials should be well-
levelled to facilitate the efficient channeling of runoff.

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 WATER SUPPLY AND
DISTRIBUTION ENGINEER

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 METHOD

• Field reconnaissance
• Desk studies
• Consultations
• Determination of important parameters
• Use of software (EPANET) for design of the
transmission and distribution network.
Whiles giving:
 Reference to standard codes of practice used in Ghana.

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 DESIGN PARAMETERS

• Population estimation
Design period = 10 years. Growth rate = 3.8%
• Peak water demand
Total water requirement of people taking into consideration wastage
and water for fire hydrants.
• System design ; includes

 Underground storage reservoir

 Elevated tanks for temporary storage and water distribution

 Pump design

 Transmission and distribution design

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 LAYOUT OF PIPE NETWORK

• Most of the pipelines are laid alongside the proposed

roads in trenches of maximum depth of 0.9m

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 NODES AND DEMANDS

• Nodes were placed at every joint section but the

required nodes and demands of the branch system are
the demands at the draw of points in the supply system.

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 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

• In conclusion water is a fundamental human right that

is essential for life and well being. This project ensures
that everyone one has access to clean and safe water
regardless of their location on the site. As progress has
been made still I believe to create a more sustainable
and equitable water future, there is need to work
together to find innovative solutions to make
affordable, clean and safe water accessible to
communities across the nation and for future
generations.

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 WATER SUPPLY AND
DISTRIBUTION ENGINEER

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 METHOD

DESK STUDY AND REVIEW OF DOCUMENTS

•A desk study was first conducted on the site to obtain
information on the existing water supply situation and an
understanding of the current situation of land.
SITE VISIT FINDINGS
•Accessing the site is not a problem as it is served by
reasonably well-developed roads. All utility services (i.e.,
water, electricity, and telephone) can be easily sourced
from existing services around the site but it is not adequate
to meet the requirements of the new development.
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 DESIGN PARAMETERS
POPULATION DEMAND WATER CONSUMPTION

N FACILITY EXPECTE Population Per capita Total Water

o D consumptio consumptio
POPULA n (l/c/d) n
TION
Medical 1200 43 51600
Staff
Non- 200 43 8600
1 Outpatient 498
Medical
2 Medical Staff 1200 In patients 800 93 74400
3 Non-medical staff 200 Visitors 800 10 8000
Laundry 740 35 25900
4 In- patients 800
Theatre 41 100 4100
5 Visitors 800 Trainees 1050 43 45150
6 Theatre 41 Canteen (In 1000 30 30000
patients)
7 Trainees 1050
Outpatient 498 10 4980
8 Mortuary 2 s
Total number 4591 Pharmacy, 1500
Sterile and
Maintenan
ce
Departmen
t
LAYOUT OF PIPE NETWORK
 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

RECOMMENDATION
•It is recommended that regular maintenance activities
be carried out in all the aspect of the project to maintain
the life span of the project.
CONCLUSION
•The design of the water supply distribution has been
successfully designed in accordance with the Terms of
reference and appropriate design guides.
•All drawing necessary for the execution of the project
have been produced and are ready for use.
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WASTE MANAGEMENT
ENGINEER

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 NODES AND DEMANDS

PIPES Q m/d cumm Q m/d Q m/s d actual d vel L

P 10 -11 4 4 4.63E-05 0.00768 0.05 0.02359 212

P S- 10 31 35 4.05E-04 0.022717 0.05 0.206417 183

P8-9 35 35 4.05E-04 0.022717 0.05 0.206417 71

P7-8 16 51 5.90E-04 0.027422 0.05 0.300778 35

P6-7 16 67 7.75E-04 0.03143 0.05 0.39514 29

P5-6 16 83 9.61E-04 0.034982 0.05 0.489502 27

P4-5 16 99 1.15E-03 0.038206 0.05 0.583864 109

P2-4 34 133 1.54E-03 0.044283 0.05 0.784383 134

P2-3 38 171 1.98E-03 0.050212 0.08 0.393942 114

P1-2 23 194 2.25E-03 0.053482 0.08 0.446929 98

PS-1 194 388 4.49E-03 0.075635 0.1 0.572069 157

DESIGN OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

• Estimation of volume of solid waste generated per

facility

• Design for primary storage of solid waste

• Design for secondary storage of solid waste

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LAYOUT FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Land use type Number of Bins to be

provided
Education - Learning Centre 25
Education - Engineering 5
Laboratories
Hospitality - Hotel 5
Recreational - Food Courts 2
2 Hospitality - Hostel 40
Education - Faculties 46
3 Engineering Departments 5
2 Commercial - Retail 2
Commercial - Hospital 7
Total 138

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 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS-
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
• The behavior of generating garbage is too
dangerous not only for today's generation, but also
for future generations. It is critical to educate people
and encourage them to practice Recycle, Reuse, and
Reduce instead of producing waste

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 DESIGN OF LIQUID WASTE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
• Estimation of average discharge

• Design of septic tank

• Design of sewer pipes

• Treatment and Disposal of grey water

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LAYOUT FOR LIQUID WASTE
MANAGEMENT

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 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS-
LIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENT
• Prior to consistent problems that have emerged
after design of several liquid waste management
systems, it is necessary that measures such as
sealing tank with a cover, carrying out proper waste
acceptance check are employed after the proposed
design is established.

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