IMAGE FORGERY DETECTION USING

CNN

Presentation for CSQ 413 Seminar

SREYA T
TKR20CS074

Guide:Mrs Shana Musthafa A P V, Assistant Professor

in CSE
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
College of Engineering Trikaripur, Cheemeni

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 CONTENT

 INTRODUCTION
 PROBLEM STATEMENT
 MOTIVATION
 LITERATURE SURVEY
 WHAT IS NEURAL NETWORK?
 PROPOSED METHOD
 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
 DATASET DETAILS
 WORKING OF CNN
 RESULT
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

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 INTRODUCTION
 Image forgery refers to the act of altering or manipulating
digital images to deceive or mislead viewers.

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IMAGE SLICING

COPY MOVE FORGERY

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IMAGE RETOUCHING

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 PROBLEM STATEMENT

 With the widespread use of image editing tools, there is a growing

concern about image forgery and the spread of misinformation through
manipulated images.

 CNN-based image forgery detection system offers a robust and

effective solution to the problem of image manipulation and forgery in
today's visual media landscape.

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 MOTIVATION

 The increasing availability of cameras and the popularity of

photography.

 Outperformed the existing methods for image forgery detection and

demonstrated system potential for various applications, including
forensics, security, and digital image analysis.

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 LITERATURE SURVEY
Sl TITLE AUTHOR TECHNIQUES HIGHLIGHT LIMITATIONS
no (YEAR) USED

1. An efficient cnn Khalid CNN Efficiency of Other image

model to detect m.Hosny model in terms forgeries are not
copy-move image (2022) of time and detected
forgery accuracy
2. Image Forgery Ali et al Image comparison of Accuracy
Detection Using (20 22) recompressing different percentage is less
Deep learning by algo,Deep techniques. The
Recompressing learning output was
Images visually for
better
understanding.

3. Image forgery Hashmi et al CNN High High

detection using CNN (2023) accuracy,the computation,large
features are memory footprint
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extracted directly
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 WHAT IS NEURAL NETWORK ?

A neural network is a
machine learning model
designed to mimic the
function and structure of
the human brain.

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 Class A

Class B

Output layer

Input layer

Hidden layer

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 TYPES OF NEURAL NETWORK

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 CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

•A Convolutional neural network (CNN or convnet) is a subset of

machine learning. It is one of the various types of artificial
neural networks that is specifically used for image recognition and
tasks that involve the processing of pixel data.

•Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets or CNNs) are more often

utilized for classification and computer vision tasks.

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 TYPES OF CNN

Convolutional layer

Pooling layer

Fully-connected (FC) layer

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 PROPOSED METHOD
 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

login/register
display the output to input
the user image(jpeg,pngetc) Front
End

Test case Back

End

Pre-processing
Feature extraction

CNN Algorithm
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Result
 EXPLANATION

 The user uploads an image on the website front-end.

 The image is evaluated by the CNN model, which has been

developed by training and testing the dataset.

 The dataset goes through a pre-processing stage where any

noisy data present in the dataset is cleaned and null values
are removed.

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  After the pre-processing stage, the image is passed on to the
feature extraction stage.

 In the feature extraction stage, the required features are kept and
the other unimportant features are removed for further stages.

 The extracted features are then passed on to the classification

stage, where the CNN model classifies the image as either
authentic or manipulated.

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 DATASET DETAILS

 The dataset used in the system consists of two folders –

 Authenticated images.
 Tampered images.

 The number of authenticated images in the dataset is around

7000, while the number of tampered images is around 3000.

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  The model must be trained with data that contains
different types of image forgery.

 The custom dataset was created to meet this requirement

and contains images with these types of tampering.

 Two datasets – CASIA 2.0 and MICC F200 [14] is

combined and this combination is used to train the
model.

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 WORKING WITH CNN

 CNN algorithm is used to classify an image as either authentic or

forged based on the features extracted from the preprocessed
images.

 The features are learned through a process of convolution, pooling,

and activation functions.
CONVOLUTIONAL LAYER
The convolution layer applies a set of learnable filters to the input
image to extract relevant features

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 1×1+0×2+3×1+4×0+5×1+6×1+7×1+8×0+9×1=31

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 POOLING
 The pooling layer reduces the spatial dimensions of the feature maps
and helps to extract the most important info from the features.

 The activation function applies a nonlinear transformation to the

output of the convolution and pooling layers.

 After feature extraction, the output of the network is passed through a

fully connected layer

 The softmax activation function is used.

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ERROR LEVEL ANALYSIS (ELA)

 Error Level Analysis (ELA) is a digital image analysis technique

used to identify potential areas of manipulation in an image.
 ELA works by analyzing the differences in the error levels between
different regions of an image.
 Error levels refer to the amount of compression artifacts present in
an image after it has been compressed and saved in a lossy format
such as JPEG.

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 ALGORITHM OF ELA
 We take the forged image A (images shown in Figure 1b
tamper images)
 Then recompress it, let us call the recompressed image
as 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒(images shown in Figure 1c are
recompressed forged images).
 Now we take the difference of the original image and the
recompressed image, let us call it 𝐴𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓(images shown in
Figure 1e are the difference of Figure 1b,c, respectively).
 Now due to the difference in the source of the forged part
and the original part of the image, the forged part gets
highlighted in 𝐴𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓 (as we can observe in Figure 1d,e,
respectively).
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• We train a CNN-based
network to categorize an
image as a forged image
or a genuine one
using 𝐴𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓 as our input
features.

• Figure gives the

pictorial view of the
overall working of the
proposed method.

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 RESULT

 Accuracy of model
 The system achieved a
high detection
accuracy of 93%.

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 CALCULATION

Following terms are initially calculated for the evaluation:

 Total_Images: The total number of images that were
tested.
 TP (true positive): Correctly identified tampered images.
 TN (true negative): Correctly identified genuine images.
 FN (false negative): Wrongly identified tampered images,
the tampered images which have been identified as
genuine images.
 FP (false positive): Wrongly identified genuine images,
the genuine images which have been identified as
tampered images.

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shows the training validation loss and training validation
accuracy of our model.

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shows the confusion matrix achieved while training our model

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 FUTURE SCOPE

 Combination with Other Techniques

 Handling Spoofing: Future research could enhance the proposed
technique to handle other types of image forgeries, such as spoofing.
 Handling Tiny Images: Enhance the proposed technique to work well
for tiny images, which would be particularly useful in scenarios where
low-resolution images are encountered.
 Development of Extensive Image Forgery Database

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 CONCLUSION

 The CNN model was trained and tested with a dataset of

approximately 9500 images and accuracy of 93% is obtained.
 Its accuracy, speed, and versatility make it suitable for various
applications.
 Its potential for enhancing the integrity and credibility of digital
images cannot be overstated.
 The system outperformed existing methods for image forgery
detection.

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 REFERENCES

[1] M. Patel, K. Rane, N. Jain, P. Mhatre and S. Jaswal, "Image Forgery Detection using
CNN," 2023 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Technologies (CONIT), Hubli, India,
2023, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/CONIT59222.2023.10205377.
[2] T. Singh, Y. Goel, T. Yadav and S. Seniaray, "Performance Analysis of ELA-CNN model for
Image Forgery Detection," 2023 4th International Conference for Emerging Technology
(INCET), Belgaum, India, 2023, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/INCET57972.2023.10170007.
[3] Ranjan, Shruti, Prayati Garhwal, Anupama Bhan, Monika Arora, and Anu Mehra. ”Framework
for image forgery detection and classification using machine learning.” In 2018 2nd
International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI), pp. 1- 9. IEEE,
2018.
[4] Ali, S. S., I. I. Ganapathi, N. S. Vu, S. D. Ali, N. Saxena, and N. Werghi. ”Image Forgery
Detection Using Deep learning by Recompressing Images. Electronics 2022, 11, 403.” (2022).

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 THANK YOU
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