DC BIASING OF BIPOLAR

JUNCTION TRANSISTORS (BJT)

ENGR. ALBERT ANTHONY M. DELGADO, MECE
OBJECTIVES
• To review characteristics of a BJT
• To understand what DC biasing means
• To be able to explain and demonstrate the different
regions and operating points of a BJT response
• To be able to perform an analysis of a simple
common emitter configuration
CONCEPT MAPPING
BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR (BJT)
 COMMON BASE CONFIGURATION
Base is common to the
collector and emitter. In
the active region, the
emitter junction is reverse
biased, in the saturation
region both collector and
emitter junctions are
forward biased and in the
cutoff region, both
collector and emitter
junctions are reverse
biased.
 COMMON COLLECTOR CONFIGURATION

Also known as emitter-

follower circuit, collector
is common to the base
and emitter. Not used as
an amplifier due to its
high input impedance but
low output impedance,
thus no amplification will
occur.
 COMMON EMITTER CONFIGURATION
Emitter is common to base and
collector. In the active region,
the emitter junction is forward
biased and the collector junction
is reverse biased. In the cutoff
region, the collector current is
not entirely cut off and the
emitter junction is not
completely reverse biased. In
the saturation region, both
emitter and collector junctions
are forward biased.
 DC BIASING

DC BIASING simply means the

application of a dc voltage (battery)
to select the proper operating point
of a BJT.
 OPERATING CONDITIONS

• Linear Region Operation

• Forward Active Region
• Reverse Active Region

• Cutoff Region Operation

• Saturation Region Operation
 QUIESCENT POINT (Q-POINT)

Quiescent means silence, stillness, peace, calm.

For BJT amplifiers the resulting dc current and
voltage create an operating point on the
characteristics that establish the region which
becomes ideal for the required amplification of
the applied signal.
 DETERMINE THE Q-POINT FOR A CE Configuration

Output
AC Input
WRONG Q-POINT LEADS TO DISTORTION
SAMPLE EXERCISE
Solve for the
following:
(a) IBQ and ICQ.
(b) VCEQ.
(c) VB and VC.
(d) VBC.

𝛽=100