7H8H Rocks Autosaved

Key words: rock cycle, texture, grains, crystal, minerals, igneous, sedimentary,
metamorphic, magma, granite/basalt, sandstone/limestone, marble, quarzite.
k cy cl e!
The r o c
WALT: use the rock cycle to work out how
rocks are formed
I can explain how a rock

was formed from its
appearance
6
I can describe how the different
types of rocks are formed
5
I can recall different types of rock with
examples using the rock cycle
4
WALT: Use the rock cycle to work out how rocks are formed
Starter
You have three minutes – write down any
words you can think of that are to do with
rocks!
Rocky Words
In pairs spend no more than three
minutes matching up the words to the
definitions.
EXT: Write a question for another pair

about rocks using the information the
sheet.
metamorphic, magma, granite/basalt, sandstone/limestone, marble/quartzite
Rocky Words
Crystals grain igneous
Interlocking metamorphic rock minerals
Mixture permeable porous
Property sedimentary rock texture
Group drawing
In groups of four you are going to come
up one at a time and have a look at a
drawing for thirty seconds. You then have
to go back to your group and tell them
what you have seen, this will be repeated.
Best drawing is the winner!!
Rocky Words
Complete the worksheet

Stick in your books when finished
EXT: Explain the rock cycle in a paragraph
volcano
sea
lava
sedimentary
igneous
magma
Piecing it together
We’ve discussed the rock cycle, we’ve
touched upon how different types of
rocks are made, we’ve draw the rock cycle
and we can talk about it. But do we
REALLY understand it?
In groups of four complete Rock cycle

processes and each write a summary
paragraph or annotate your diagram.
Piecing it together
Rocks cannot be created or destroyed.
They are changed in a process called T–
R--- C----. There are t---- types of r---.
S----------, M--------- and I-----. M----- is
under the E-----. When magma reaches the
surface through a v------ it turns into l---.
This l--- cools into igneous rock.
Sedimentary rock is formed when grains of
r--- fall into the sea and are compressed.
Which rocks are which?
Key words: igneous, molten magma, lava, basalt, granite, solidification, interlocking
crystals, rapid & slow cooling rates
s ro c k s
Ign eo u
WALT: find out how igneous rocks are formed
I can explain how particles

arrange themselves when
crystals are formed
6
I can describe how crystal size
5
relates to the rate of cooling and give
examples
4
I can recall how igneous rocks are formed
Using the
following key
words label the
diagram to show
where igneous
rocks are formed?
Basalt
Granite
Lava
Magma chamber
Intrusive rocks
Extrusive rocks
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
FnoHDRPJjkw
Hot Rocks
basalt
granite
Granite V Basalt
What are the main differences between
granite and basalt?
Why do you think this is? Discuss in pairs

for one minute.
Granite V Basalt
What are the main differences between
granite and basalt?
Why do you think this is? Discuss in pairs for

one minute.
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zi_yHVN6aj0
Granite V Basalt
When ______ is released from the earth
through a _______ it either escapes and cools
into ______ or it cannot escape and cools inside
the volcano. The magma cools into extrusive
rock (on the outside) and the lava that does not
escape cools into intrusive rock. We call the
extrusive rock _____ and the intrusive rock
_______. Granite has _____ crystals because
these had a long time to grow whereas ______
cooled quickly so has small crystals.
Granite V Basalt
When magma is released from the earth
through a _______ it either escapes and cools
Granite V Basalt
through a volcano it either escapes and cools
Granite V Basalt
into lava or it cannot escape and cools inside
rock (on the outside) and the lava that does
not escape cools into intrusive rock. We call
the extrusive rock _____ and the intrusive
rock _______. Granite has _____ crystals
because these had a long time to grow whereas
______ cooled quickly so has small crystals.
Granite V Basalt
the extrusive rock basalt and the intrusive
rock _______. Granite has _____ crystals
Granite V Basalt
rock granite. Granite has _____ crystals
Granite V Basalt
rock granite. Granite has large crystals
Granite V Basalt
rock granite. Granite has large crystals
basalt cooled quickly so has small crystals.
Task
Either:
1. Write a scientific paper article
explaining the differences between
extrusive igneous rock and intrusive
igneous rock, explain how they’re formed
referencing the rock cycle. (level 6/7)
2. Write an info sheet about granite and
basalt, include a diagram and keywords.
(level 5)
Homework
Due in next lesson.
Complete worksheet rocks and crystals.
t
es s m en
As s
Self-
What level are you working at? Explain in your
books by completing one of the WALTs.
I can explain how particles

arrange themselves when
crystals are formed
6
I can describe how crystal size
5
relates to the rate of cooling and give
examples
4
I can recall how igneous rocks are formed
Key words: sedimentary, weathering, physical, chemical, biological, erosion
he ri ng
Weat
WALT: find out about different types of
weathering
I can explain how chemical

weathering changes rock.
6
I can describe two ways in which
5
rocks can be broken apart physically.
I can identify the difference between
4
weathering and erosion
I can describe how plants can break up rocks
WALT: find out about different types of weathering
Put in correct order

• Lava cools quickly, making igneous rocks with small
crystals
• Inside the earth is magma. This is molten rock.
• Volcanoes erupt and magma comes to the earths
surface
• Some magma doesn’t get to the surface. It cools
slowly underground
• Lava is the name for magma which comes to the
surface
• It turns solid. It makes igneous rocks with large
crystals.

Put in correct order
• Inside the earth is magma. This is molten rock.

• Volcanoes erupt and magma comes to the earths
surface
• Lava is the name for magma which comes to the surface
• Some magma doesn’t get to the surface. It cools slowly
underground
• It turns solid. It makes igneous rocks with large
crystals.
• Lava cools quickly, making igneous rocks with small
crystals

Weathering or Erosion?
Watch this video on weathering and
erosion carefully as you’ll be answering
questions on it after it’s finished.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R48zYr-S7v
0&feature=related
Questions
Use the question sheet to answer the questions in
full sentences in your book.
Work independently.
You have 10 minutes.
EXT: write a rap/design a meme/write an

acrostic poem to remember the difference
between erosion and weathering.
The different types of weathering

There are three different types of
weathering.
• Chemical weathering
• Physical weathering
• Biological weathering
Spend two minutes discussing with a partner

what you think the different types mean?

The different types of weathering
What type of weathering do

you think this is?
What caused this to happen?

Chemical weathering
The gaps in this “limestone” pavement
have been formed by rain. Rain contains
dissolved gases from the air that make it
slightly acidic. When rain falls onto rocks
it can react with the minerals in that
rock. This is called chemical weathering.

Chemical weathering
Some rocks are weathered faster than
others. Limestone and chalk are
weathered easily when rainwater reacts
with them, although it takes thousands of
years for gaps like those in that picture
to form. The new chemicals formed in the
reaction between rain and limestone
dissolve in the water and are washed
away.
Physical Weathering
Rocks can also be weathered by
physical changes. When it is
hot the minerals in the rocks
expand. When they cool they
contract. These changes in size
produce strong forces between
minerals. If the rock is heated
and cooled over and over again,
the forces can make cracks.
This kind of physical
weathering is common in
This is often called
deserts and often causes
onion-skin weathering
sheets of rock to peel off.
Physical Weathering
Changes in temperature have
an even greater effect if
water gets trapped in the
rock. When the water gets
cold enough it freezes and
expands, forcing the rock
apart. When the temperature
rises the water melts and runs
even further into the crack –
it then happens again and the
crack gets even bigger. This is These rocks were split
called freeze-thaw action. up by freeze-thaw
action
Biological weathering
Plants can also break up rocks.
Their roots can grow into
cracks in the rocks. When the
roots grow bigger they make
the crack wider and the rock
can break apart.
Complete worksheet on sorting out

weathering
EXT: Explain the three different types in

a paragraph.

Erosion
Erosion is the movement of particles that have been
weathered away.
Complete worksheet using full sentences.
EXT: come see me.
Red: NEED HELP

Amber: Working well
Green: Too easy – can I have something harder?

Key words: sediment, transported, deposition, compaction, cementation, grains,
y R o c s
layers, fossils, limestone (calcium carbonate), sandstone, chalk
k
en ta r
Sedim
WALT: find out how sedimentary rocks are
formed
I can evaluate different

models showing rock
formation
6
I can describe how sedimentary rocks
are formed by compaction and
cementation
5
I can describe how sediments can be buried and
turn into rocks
4
WALT: find out how sedimentary rocks are formed
Starter
Sort these Key Words into their correct places in the table:
Deposition Transportation Burial Weathering Compaction Erosion
Key word What it means
Ice, plants, sun, wind and rain break up
rock into smaller particles.
Particles of rock being moved along by

water (or wind).
Particles of rock being worn away as it is
moved by water (they often become
rounded).
Particles of rock settling as sediments at
the bottom of rivers, lakes and oceans.
Old layers of sediment get covered in

new layers.
The layers of sediment deep in the earth
get squashed and made into
Key words: sediment, transported, deposition,
SEDIMENTARY compaction, cementation, grains,
ROCK.
Starter
Weathering rock into smaller particles.

water (or wind).
rounded).

new layers.
ROCK.
Starter

Transportation water (or wind).
rounded).

new layers.
ROCK.
Starter

Erosion moved by water (they often become
rounded).

new layers.
SEDIMENTARY
Key words: sediment, transported, ROCK.
deposition, compaction, cementation, grains,
Starter

rounded).
Deposition the bottom of rivers, lakes and oceans.
Burial Old layers of sediment get covered in

new layers.
Compaction get squashed and made into
ROCK.
Starter

rounded).

new layers.
SEDIMENTARY
Key words: sediment, transported, ROCK.
deposition, compaction, cementation, grains,
Starter

rounded).

new layers.
ROCK.
Starter

rounded).

new layers.
Compaction get squashed and made into
ROCK.
Theories
What is the difference between a non-
scientific theory and a scientific theory?
Spend two minutes discussing with a

partner.

Theories
In a non-scientific context the word means
something that is speculative
In a scientific context the theory must be

based on careful and rational examination of
facts.
A scientific theory is the foundation for

furthering scientific knowledge – it is a basis
to be changed and improved.
Theories
How many different theories can you think of
to explain the different colours in this rock?
Which do you think is correct?

EXT: how could we prove your theories?

Sedimentary rocks
1 1. Weathering causes
little pieces to break
off. (Weathering)

Sedimentary rocks
2 little pieces to break
off. (Weathering)
2. The particles are
moved by water.
(Erosion &
Transportation)

Sedimentary rocks
little pieces to break
2
off. (Weathering)
2. The particles are
3 moved by water.
(Erosion &
Transportation)
3. They settle at the
bottom of the rivers
and oceans.
(Depositions)

Sedimentary rocks
1. Weathering causes little
1
pieces to break off.
2 (Weathering)
2. The particles are moved by
water. (Erosion &
3 Transportation)
3. They settle at the bottom
of the rivers and oceans.
(Depositions)
4. Pressure from subsequent
deposits turns the bottom
layers to rock. (Burial and
compaction)
4
Sedimentary rocks
In your own words
explain how sedimentary
rocks are formed.
EXT: draw a diagram to

show how the particles in
each layer are arranged.

Gathering information
Type of limestone Appearance
Portland stone Smooth, with seashells
in it
Chalk Smooth but crumbly
Oolithic limestone Lumpy, like lots of small
balls
Use the information from the table to answer the questions
1. Which was made from sediment on the sea bottom that
had been squashed a lot?
2. Which was made by sediment fragments rolling around in
thick mud and getting coated?

Key words: metamorphic, metamorphism, heat/pressure, quartzite, marble, schist,
k
gneiss, slate crystals, colour-bonding
c R o c
Meta morphi
WALT: find out how metamorphic rocks are
formed
I can relate the distance
from a heat source
(magma) to the degree of
metamorphism
I can explain if a rock has
6
experienced change by heat and/or
pressure
5
4
I can describe what makes a rock change
WALT: find out how metamorphic rocks are formed
Starter – match the description to

the pictures
• Interlocking • One type of mineral
• Mainly large grains • Three different
• Four different minerals
minerals • Rounded
• Large and small • Crystals
grains • Three different
• Grains minerals
• Rounded • Interlocking
• crystals • grains
ni c s a n d
e t e c to
Pl a t d rif t
i n en ta l
t
con WALT: find out how metamorphic rocks are
formed
I can relate the distance
from a heat source
(magma) to the degree of
metamorphism
I can explain if a rock has
6
experienced change by heat and/or
pressure
5
4
I can describe what makes a rock change

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Key words: rock cycle, texture, grains, crystal, minerals, igneous, sedimentary,

metamorphic, magma, granite/basalt, sandstone/limestone, marble, quarzite.

I can explain how a rock

EXT: Write a question for another pair

Interlocking metamorphic rock minerals

Mixture permeable porous

Property sedimentary rock texture

Complete the worksheet

In groups of four complete Rock cycle

I can explain how particles

Why do you think this is? Discuss in pairs

Why do you think this is? Discuss in pairs for

Complete worksheet rocks and crystals.

I can explain how particles

I can explain how chemical

I can identify the difference between

Put in correct order

Key words: sedimentary, weathering, physical, chemical, biological, erosion

Put in correct order

• Inside the earth is magma. This is molten rock.

Key words: sedimentary, weathering, physical, chemical, biological, erosion

You have 10 minutes.

EXT: write a rap/design a meme/write an

The different types of weathering

Spend two minutes discussing with a partner

Key words: sedimentary, weathering, physical, chemical, biological, erosion

The different types of weathering

What type of weathering do

What caused this to happen?

Key words: sedimentary, weathering, physical, chemical, biological, erosion

Key words: sedimentary, weathering, physical, chemical, biological, erosion

Complete worksheet on sorting out

EXT: Explain the three different types in

Key words: sedimentary, weathering, physical, chemical, biological, erosion

Complete worksheet using full sentences.

EXT: come see me.

Red: NEED HELP

Key words: sedimentary, weathering, physical, chemical, biological, erosion

I can evaluate different

Particles of rock being moved along by

Old layers of sediment get covered in

Particles of rock being moved along by

Old layers of sediment get covered in

Particles of rock being moved along by

Old layers of sediment get covered in

Particles of rock being moved along by

Old layers of sediment get covered in

Particles of rock being moved along by

Burial Old layers of sediment get covered in

Particles of rock being moved along by

Old layers of sediment get covered in

Particles of rock being moved along by

Burial Old layers of sediment get covered in

Particles of rock being moved along by

Burial Old layers of sediment get covered in

Spend two minutes discussing with a

Key words: sediment, transported, deposition, compaction, cementation, grains,

In a scientific context the theory must be

A scientific theory is the foundation for

Which do you think is correct?

Key words: sediment, transported, deposition, compaction, cementation, grains,

Key words: sediment, transported, deposition, compaction, cementation, grains,

Key words: sediment, transported, deposition, compaction, cementation, grains,