The Philippine Revolution

First Phase
Second Phase
The First Phase of the Revolution
Rizal and the Revolution

• Dapitan
• Dr. Pio Valenzuela
• Narcisa Rizal
Discovery of the Katipunan
• Preparations for the Struggle
• Tito Miguel and Roman Ramos
• Discovery of the Katipunan
• Diario de Manila
• Apolonio dela Cruz and Teodoro
Patiño
• Honoria --> Sor Teresa
• Fr. Mariano Gil
• The “Cry” of
Pugadlawin
• Reign of Terror
• Katipunan Faction
• Magdalo
• Baldomero
Aguinaldo
• Magdiwang
• Mariano
Alvarez
 TEJEROS
CONVENTION
• Daniel Tirona vs. Andres
Bonifacio
• Naik Military Agreement
• Emilio Aguinaldo
Trial and Execution of Andres Bonifacio
• Andres, Procopio and Ciriaco
• Placido Martinez and Teodoro Gonzales
• Guilty of treason and sedition
• Gen. Mariano Noriel and Gen. Pio del Pilar
• Maj. Lazaro Makapagal
• May 10, 1897: Mt. Tala
Biak na Bato Republic
“To the Brave Sons of the Philippines”
1.expulsion of the friars and the return to the Filipinos of the lands
they appropriated for themselves;
2.representation in the Spanish Cortes
3.freedom of the press and tolerance of all religious sects;
4.equal treatment and pay for Peninsular and Insular civil
servants;
5.abolition of the power of the government to banish citizens; and
6.legal equality for all persons
Pedro A. Paterno and Gov. Gen. Primo de Rivera
Provisions:
o That Aguinaldo and his companions go into voluntary
exile abroad
o That Primo de Rivera would pay P800,000 to the
rebels in three installments:
 P400,000: Aguinaldo upon his departure from
Biak na-Bato
 P200,000: when the arms surrendered by the
revolutionists exceeded 700
 P200,000: when the Te Deum was sung and
General Amnesty was proclaimed by the governor
o That Primo de Rivera pay an additional P900,000 to
the families of the non-combatant Filipinos who
suffered during the armed conflict
  Celestino Tejeiro and Ricardo Monet
 Col. Miguel Primo de Rivera

FAILURE OF THE TRUCE

 Gen. Francisco Makabulos of Tarlac
The Second Phase of the Revolution
American Occupation

• Expansion of the American Navy

• George Dewey
• To expand the navy, the Americans have to gauge war against Spain
• Battle of Manila Bay (Spain vs America)
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo
 While in Hong Kong, he deposited the P400,000 given
to him in 2 Hong Kong Banks. Only the interest was
withdrawn and used for the expenses of the exiles.
 After the Battle of Manila Bay, he felt that there was an
opportunity to oust the Spaniards from the Philippines.
 But there was a division in the ranks of the exiles, for
ISABELO ARTACHO wanted the P400,000 to be
divided among them and sued Aguinaldo in the Hong
Kong Supreme Court.
 To avoid appearing in court, Aguinaldo, accompanied
by Gregorio del Pilar and Jose Leyba, secretly left
for Singapore.
 Aguinaldo and
E. Spencer Pratt
“You need not have any worry
about America. The American
Congress and President have
just made a solemn
declaration disclaiming any
desire to possess Cuba and
promising to leave the country
to the Cubans after having
driven away the Spaniards
and pacified the country. Cuba
is at our door, while the
Philippines is 10,000 miles
away!
Return of Aguinaldo
• Aguinaldo arrived in Cavite with
the war materials he had brought
from Hong Kong
• The renewal of the struggle began
after he issued a proclamation
urging the people to rally once
more against the Spaniards
• His return was demoralizing for the
Spaniards
• The Siege of Manila: INTRAMUROS
The Spanish-American Secret Agreement
• George Dewey thought that the surrender of Manila could be
affected without the use of arms
• He started negotiations with Augustin through the Belgian consul
Andre regarding the surrender of Manila
• Augustin, because of his plan of surrender, was replaced by the
Spanish Government with General FERMIN JAUDENES
• But Jaudenes also believed that Spain’s position was hopeless and to
save face, suggested a MOCK BATTLE with America
• It was stipulated that Filipino rebels should be excluded and should
not be allowed to enter Intramuros
• December 10, 1898
• It provided that Spain would cede
the Philippines to the United States
• In return, Spain would receive 20M
dollars from the US as payment for
the improvements made in the
colony
• US also agreed to give Spain the
right to ship commodities to the
Philippines for a period of 10 years
• This signaled the start of American
Colonization in the Philippines