Islam and

the
Crusades

Mohammad and
Islam
Arabia - Is a huge
peninsula in the
Middle East.
Bedouins- Arab nomads
Arabs- many of whom were descendants of
Ishmael, Abraham’s first son.
Ishmael
• marked for a giant role in world history
• Received God’s blessing to father “a great nation”

“There’s no god but Allah, and Mohammad is his prophet” –

Mohammed
• Name means “highly
praised”
• Born about A.D 570 in
Mecca
• Mecca – the home of
Kaaba ; a religious
building which housed a
meteorite known as
Black Stone
Mohammed at forty
• He began to claim that he
was receiving revelations
from the angel Gabriel
• Appointed as a prophet
of Allah
• He combined religious
and politics
Hegira – “flight” • Yathrib – many accepted
Mohammad’s claim.
was the turning • Known as “the city of the Prophet”
point for • Or Medina city
Mohammed and
his new religion
Jews – did not accept
Mohammed’s claim.
• Mohammed denied that the Old Testament is
the Word of God.
Jihad – “holy war” in A.D 630
• Conquered Mecca,
destroyed the idols in the
Kaaba

Islam – Mohammed’s
religion
Muslims - followers
Koran (recitation) - The holy book of Islam

• Principle’s teaching is
monotheism, “There is no god
but Allah”
• Represents one god as the same
one God of the Jews and
Christians
• Completely rejects the Bible
• Teaches that Allah has revealed
his will through prophet
Mohammed
Five Pillars of Islam ( Belief)
 requires Muslims to wrongly acknowledge that no one but Allah is to
be worshipped. And that Mohammed is his prophet
Requires Muslim to pray to Allah five times a day facing Mecca
Requires Muslims to give to charity and the poor
Requires Muslims to fast during Ramadan
To enter paradise, Muslims requires to make a pilgrimage, or haji to
mecca during their lifetime.
Caliphs – Mohammed’s successors
• Led the Arab Muslims in holy
war
Origin of the crusades
• Crusades - “holy wars” during the Middle Ages, Latin called crux,
“cross”
Fought against Islam in the name of Christianity

But the Bible has been so abused.

The stated objective was to drive the Muslims from the Holy Land,
where Christ had lived, and capture the city of Jerusalem for
Christendom.
Popes and Crusades
• First Crusade – The Peasants’ Crusade
Conquered a strip of land along the eastern coast of the
Mediterranean
Children’s crusades –
been tricked by slaves traders,
who sold them as slaves to
North African Muslims
Chapter 9 and 10 _Long quiz

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