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Mesopotamia

The “Fertile Crescent”


Mesopotamia
Environmental
challenges
and
solutions
Environmental
challenges
and
solutions

City-states
Sumerian Social Hierarchy

King
Priests (General)

Generals Priests

Commoners Commoners

Slaves Slaves
Sumerian Religion
• Polytheistic
 Enlil
• Anthropomorphic
• Pessimistic
Sumerian Culture
• Literature
– Epic of Gilgamesh
• Mathematics
• Engineering
Akkadian Empire

Sargon of Akkad
(r. 2371-2316 BC)
Babylonian (Amorite) Empire

Hammurabi
(r. 1792-1750 BC)

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