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SUMBER HUKUM
INTERNASIONAL
RIZKI ADI PINANDITO, SH.MH

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SUMBER HUKUM?
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P E N G E RT I A N

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SOURCE OF LAW
HENRY CAMPBELL, BLACK
L AW ’ S D I C T I O N A R Y
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Sumber hukum (the source of law) secara umum diartikan sebagai sumber
asli kewenangan dan kekuatan memaksa dari suatu produk hukum positif (the
origins from which particular positive laws derive their authority and coercive
force)

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SUMBER HUKUM INTERNASIONAL

SUMBER HUKUM FORMIL
SUMBER HUKUM MATERIIL
• Sumber formal adalah sumber kekuatan
memaksa dan dasar keabsahan suatu • sumber material adalah sumber
produk hukum, kekuatan mengikat suatu materi dari suatu produk
ketentuan hukum. hukum.
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• Contoh:
• Perjanjian Internasional (konvensi,
traktat, agreement, etc)
• Contoh:
• Hukum Kebiasaan yang lahir
dari praktik-praktik hubungan
internasional antar negara.

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SUMBER HUKUM
INTERNASIONAL
Pasal 38 ayat (1) Statuta
Mahkamah International
(International Court of Justice-
ICJ).
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The Court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law

such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply:
a. international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the
contesting states;
b. international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law;
c. the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations;
d. subject to the provisions of Article 59, judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists
of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law

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SUMBER HUKUM
INTERNASIONAL
pemahaman
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International conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules

expressly recognized by the contesting States;
International custom, as evidence of a general practisce accepted as law;
The general principles of law recognized by civilized
nations;
Judicial decisions and the teachings of the most qualified publicist of the various
nations, as subsidiary maens for the determination of rules of law.

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PERJANJIAN
INTERNASIONAL
I N T E R N AT I O N A L C O N V E N T I O N

Definisi perjanjian internasional :

1. Perjanjian yang diadakan antar bangsa yang bertujuan untuk
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menciptakan akibat akibat hukum tertentu.

2. ‘treaty’ means an international agreement concluded between
states in written form and governed by international law,
whetever embodied in a single instrument or in two or more
related instruments and whatever its particular designation
(art.2(1a) of vienna convention on the law of treaties)
Perjanjian dimaksut adalah perjanjian di bidang public,
bukan di bidang keperdataan

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KEBIASAAN
INTERNASIONAL
Internasional CUSTOMS

• Peran kebiasaan (custom) menurun seiring peningkatan

peran perjanjian, namun tetap penting
• Pasal 38 ayat 1b : “international custom, as evidence of a
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general practice accepted as law”

• Ada 2 unsur pembetukan kebiasaan : adanya praktek umum,
dan diterimanya sebagai hukum (opinion juris sive necessitates)
• ICJ dalam asylum case menjelaskan kebiasaan sebagai
“constant and uniform usage, accepted as law”
• Pembetukan melalui praktek antar negara, organisasi/ badan
international, perundang - undangan/ putusan peradilan
nasional,dll
• Terbentuknya kebiasaan harus melalui 2 tes : ‘material test’ dan

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PRINSIP-PRINSIP
HUKUM UMUM
G E N E R A L L AW P R I N C I P L E S

. • Asas-asas hukum yang mendasari system

hukum modern secara umum yang tidak
terbatas pada hukum international saja
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• Contohnya seperti asas pacta sunt servanda,

asas bona fides (itikad baik), asas abus de
droits (penyalahgunaan hak), asas res
judicata, asas pemulihan kerugian dan lain-
lain.

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PUTUSAN PENGADILAN DAN

AJARAN PENULIS
TERKEMUKA
JURISPRUDENCE AND E X P E RT S
DOGMA
• Art 38 (id) statua IC menegaskan : subject to
provisions of article decisions as subsidiary meas for the
determination of rules of law
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• Art 59 menyatakan the decision of the court has no

binding force between the parties and in respect of that
particular case
• Asas precedent tidak berlaku, pengadilan tidak membuat
hukum, keputusannya merupakan sumber hukum tidak
langsung
• Leading cases : 1) anglo-Norwegian fisheries case,
ICJ,1951 2) reparations for injuries suffered in the
survice of the united nation ICJ 1949

M • Pengutusan
nasional
pengadilan termasuk pengadilan
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RESOLUSI
MAJELIS UMUM
PBB
U N G E N E R A L A S S E M B LY
RESOLUTION

Sebuah keutusan majelis umum perserikatan bangsa bangsa

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yang diapdosi ke dalam tubuh perserikatan bangsa bangsa

PBB. Walaupun semua badan PBB data mengeluarkan
resolusi, dalam praktiknya resolusi paing sering yang
dikeluarkan adalah resolusioleh dewan keamanan PBB atau
majelis umum perserikatan bangsa bangsa.

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PERSIAPKAN MATERI/
BAHAN BACAAN SEPUTAR
ASAS-ASAS DALAM HUKUM
INTERNASIONAL SERTA
DASAR KEKUATAN
M MENGIKAT
S U B T I T L E G O E SHI!
HERE
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VICTORIA LINDQVIST
+1 (589) 555‐0199

victoria@margiestravel.com
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THANK YOU
H T T P : / / W W W. M A R G I E S T R AV E L . C O M /