VPMP Polytechnic

Subject:- AMS
Name:- VISHV PATEL
Enrollment No: 216540319020
Branch:- Mechanical
Semester:-5th
Batch:-C1

EXPERIMENT-1
MANUFACTURING OF PLASTIC BAGS
 How are plastic bags made of ?
Plastic bags are typically made from polyethylene, which is a polymer
derived from petroleum. The process of making plastic bags involves
several steps, and there are variations in the methods depending on the
type of bag and its intended use. Here is a general overview of the
process:
Polymerization: The first step involves the polymerization of ethylene,
a hydrocarbon gas obtained from crude oil or natural gas.
Polymerization is the chemical process where small molecules
(monomers) are combined to form a larger molecule (polymer). In the
case of polyethylene, this process produces long chains of repeating
ethylene units.
Extrusion: The polyethylene is then melted and extruded through a
machine that forms it into a flat tube. This process is called extrusion.
The size and thickness of the tube can be adjusted based on the
desired specifications of the plastic bag.
Cutting and Sealing: The tube is then flattened and cut into the
desired length for the bags. The bottom of the tube is sealed by
applying heat, and the sides are sealed to create a bag shape. This can
be done through heat sealing or other methods like ultrasonic
welding.
Printing (optional): If the plastic bags are intended to have printed
designs or information, this step involves the application of ink onto
the surface of the bag. Printing is typically done using flexographic or
gravure printing methods.
Handle Attachment (optional): If the bag design includes handles,
these are attached at this stage. Handles can be integrated during the
bag-forming process or added separately
Quality Control: The bags undergo quality control checks to ensure
that they meet the required specifications in terms of size, strength,
and other parameters.

It's important to note that there are different types of plastic

bags with variations in materials and manufacturing processes.
For instance, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density
polyethylene (LDPE) are commonly used for plastic bags, each
offering different properties.