20CS210 PROGRAMMING

PARADIGMS III – Module 4

Web Frameworks: Django
 Introduction
◎ Django is a web development framework that assists in building and
maintaining quality web applications.

◎ Django helps eliminate repetitive tasks making the development

process an easy and time saving experience.

◎ Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid

development and clean, pragmatic design. Django makes it easier to
build better web apps quickly and with less code.
 Django: Design Philosophies
◎ Django comes with the following design philosophies −

◎ Loosely Coupled − Django aims to make each element of its stack independent of the others.

◎ Less Coding − Less code so in turn a quick development.

◎ Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) − Everything should be developed only in exactly one place instead
of repeating it again and again.

◎ Fast Development − Django's philosophy is to do all it can to facilitate hyper-fast development.

◎ Clean Design − Django strictly maintains a clean design throughout its own code and makes it easy
to follow best web-development practices.
 Advantages of Django
◎ Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) Support
○ Django provides a bridge between the data model and the database
engine, and supports a large set of database systems including MySQL,
Oracle, Postgres, etc.
◎ Multilingual Support
○ Django supports multilingual websites through its built-in
internationalization system.
◎ Framework Support
○ Django has built-in support for Ajax, RSS, Caching and various other
frameworks.
◎ Administration GUI
◎ Development Environment
 Installing Django
◎ Step 1: Create a directory for your project
◎ D:\1SREC\2021-2022\Odd Sem\Appln Programing in Python\
Programs>mkdir myproject
◎ Step 2: Setting up a virtual environment
◎ py -m venv myproject
◎ Step 3: Activate the virtual environment
◎ D:\1SREC\2021-2022\Odd Sem\Appln Programing in Python\
Programs\myproject\Scripts>activate.bat
◎ Output of Step 3:
◎ (myproject) D:\1SREC\2021-2022\Odd Sem\Appln Programing
in Python\Programs\myproject\Scripts
 Installing Django
◎ Step 4: Installing Django
◎ py -m pip install Django
◎ (myproject) D:\1SREC\2021-2022\Odd Sem\Appln Programing
in Python\Programs\myproject>py -m pip install Django
◎ Step 5: Starting the Project
◎ django-admin startproject myproject
◎ Step 6: Starting the Production Server
◎ python manage.py runserver ((myproject) D:\1SREC\2021-2022\Odd Sem\Appln
Programing in) Python\Programs\myproject\myproject>python manage.py runserver)
◎ Step 7: Checking whether server is running
◎ Open the URL http://127.0.0.1:8000 in a Web browser
Home Page
 Creating a project in Django
◎ To create the first app, go to the directory where the
manage.py file is and executes the following command:
◎ django-admin startapp boards
◎ Configure the created app in settings.py - INSTALLED_APPS
variable
◎ Write the first view in views.py
◎ To tell Django when to serve this view, and is done inside the
urls.py file.
 Modifications to be done
◎ Modifications in settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'boards',
]
 Modifications to be done
◎ Modifications in views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
def home(request):
return HttpResponse('Hello, World!')
 Modifications to be done

◎ Modifications in urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path
from django.urls import include, re_path
from boards import views from boards import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.home,
urlpatterns = [
name='home'),
re_path(r'^$', views.home, name='home'),
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), re_path(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),]
]
Output
 Creating a model to add Database Service
◎ Make the following changes in models.py file
class BlogPost(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=150)
body = models.TextField()
timestamp = models.DateTimeField()
 Setting up the Database
◎ Step 1: Install mysql-connector
◎ Step 2: Install mysqlclient
◎ Step 3: Make the following changes in settings.py file
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'sample',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '',
'HOST': '',
'PORT': '',
}
 Setting up the Database
◎ Step 4: Save changes (Migrations) by running the following
command
◎ python manage.py makemigrations
◎ python manage.py migrate

◎ Step 5: Check for the changes in MySQL.

 Setting up the admin
◎ In the urls.py file, make the following changes
◎ admin.autodiscover()
◎ Create a super user by running the following command
◎ python manage.py createsuperuser
 Setting up the admin
◎ Make the following Changes in the admin.py file available in
boards directory

from boards import models

class BlogPostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display=('title','timestamp')
admin.site.register(models.BlogPost, BlogPostAdmin)
The admin login screen
Admin home page
Blog Post
Adding a new blog
Output of Blog Creation