Fire Safety

CONTENTS

• What is Fire
• Chemistry of Fire
• Classification of Fires
• Fire Extinguishing media
• Basic definitions
• Basic Causes of Fires
• Fire Prevention
 INTRODUCTION
• Fires and explosions kill more than
200 and injure more than 5,000
workers each year
• There is a long and tragic history
of workplace fires in this country
caused by problems with fire exits
and extinguishing systems
• Employers should provide proper
exits, fire fighting equipment, and
employee training to prevent fire
deaths and injuries in the
workplace

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 What is Fire?

Fire can be defined as ‘an induced rapid chemical

reaction involving combustible matter evolving heat
and light’

Controlled burning Uncontrolled Burning

 How Fire occurs ?
 Fire in general starts from

Sparks/ Electrical Chemical Spills/ Open flames

Leaks Hazardous
materials
How Does a Fire Work?

All the Three components

are needed to start a fire
 Methods of Fire Extinguishing

There are 3 methods of Extinguishing a Fire

Starvation By Removing the Combustible
material
Cooling By bringing down the
Temperature
Smothering By cutting the Oxygen Supply
or Blanketing
 CLASSIFICATIONS OF FIRES

Class A Ordinary combustibles - wood, paper

•Extinguish using: water
Class B Flammable liquids oil, grease
•Extinguish using: Foam, DCP
Class C Flammable gases
•Extinguish by: Isolate, DCP, Cool
Class D •Metal Fires – Al, Mg
Extinguish by: Special powders TEC
Fire Extinguishers
Type of Fire Extinguishers
Water Based CO2 Type
Foam Type Mech. Foam Type
How Does a Foam Extinguish a Fire
Gas Based CO2 Dry Chemical
Type Type
 Type of Method of Class Class Class Class Class
Extinguisher Extinction A B C D E
Water (Gas Cooling Yes No No No No
Pressure)
Water (Stored Cooling Yes No No No No
Pressure)
Mech. Type Smothering/ Yes Yes No No No
Foam Cooling
CO2 Type Smothering No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Dry Chemical Smothering No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Powder
ABC Powder Smothering/ Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Cooling
How Can Fire Start

Careless Disposal of igniting material

Improper Storage of Flammable Material

Poor Housekeeping

Fire Alarms not Installed Properly

How Can Fire Start

Negligence in carrying out Hot work

Smoking in Flammable Liquid Storage

Areas

Improper Ventilation
How Can Fire Start

Loose Electrical Connections

Improper Use of Extension Chords

Overloading Electrical Circuit

Giving Electrical Connections by un

qualified Electricians
How Can Fire Start

Improper Storage of Materials in front of

Electrical Panels

Improper Storage Blocking the passages

to the Fire Fighting Equipment
 In Case of Fire...

• Remain calm.
• Don’t panic or cause confusion.
• NEVER shout fire.
• Proceed safely to nearest fire exit
• Feel surfaces of doors before opening
• Crawl to exit if smoke is present in area
• Follow instructions of Fire Department
• Remember R.A.C.E. and P.A.S.S.

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 RACE for Fire Safety...

Rescue anyone in immediate

danger.
Activate the fire alarm pull
station
Contain the fire
Extinguish the fire, if your
safety can be assured

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 PASS for Fire Extinguisher Use...

 Pull the pin

 Aim at base of the fire
 Squeeze the handles
together
 Sweep from side to side
 Portable Fire Extinguishers
• Location of Portable Fire
Extinguishers should be easily
Identifiable
• They Should be easily
accessible and should not be
blocked
• It should be fixed on the wall at
a height of 75 cms from the
ground
• It should be maintained As per
IS 2190 Blocked extinguisher
 Fire Prevention Plan

The plan should include:

• A list of the major fire hazards and handling,
storage, and control procedures
• Names or job titles of persons responsible for
maintenance of equipment and systems to prevent
or control ignitions or fires
• Names or job titles of persons responsible for
control of fuel source hazards
• Training for all employees who have responsibilities
in the plan

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 Fire Prevention Plan

• Automatic Hooter/Alarm systems.

• Automatic Shut-off systems.
• Flooding / dumping systems
• Deluge Systems
• Flow meter arrangements or controlled feeding
• Quenching media
Make Every Day a
Safe Day
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