EFFECTIVE ORAL PRESENTATION

Emma B. Hernandez

Steps in Preparing an Effective Oral Presentation

Determine the purpose Analyze the audience and the occasion Select the main ideas for the message Why prepare Research the topic Organize the data and write the draft Create visual aids Rehearse the talk

Determine the purpose

The type of speech or presentation depends on your objective:

Informative Demonstration (to instruct) Persuasive Ceremonial/Ritual Stand-up comedy Asserting leadership

Analyze audience & occasion

Consider

the characteristics of your audience your language adaptable to the situation

Make

Select the main ideas for your message

Outline

your message

Choose the main ideas

Decide for the subtopics and details that are relevant to the topic

Research the topic

Collect facts, data, & information to fill in your outline

Apply your notetaking skills

Ethical point: Avoid plagiarism.

Organize data & write the draft

Introduction [10%]

have an attentiongetting opening

Body

[80% to 85%] clearly present main points & support each with relevant details

Summary or conclusion [5% to 10%]

end your presentation with impressive words, ideas or message

Types of visual aids Create visual aids

ACTUAL animate
live

OBJECTS

animals, plants, actualizing/demonstrating action

inanimate
sample

dishes/artwork/finished products

SYMBOLIC concrete
slides,

REPRESENTATIONS

videotapes, films

abstract
charts,

tables, graphs, maps, drawings, photographs, design sketches, model, prototype

Some important reminders

Dont let visuals dominate. Avoid laundry list visuals; incorporate variety. Caption each visual. Select visuals appropriate to the concept. Make visuals attractive. Use the light touch; add humor. Use appropriate color for highlighting.
blue,

black, green, purple main ideas red caution, attention, hostility; NOT for numbers

Some important reminders

Limit the number of visuals.
one slide per minute

Rules of thumb: formatting text slides

No more than 6 lines (text) per slide No more than three colors (of text) per slide No more than three font style per slide No less than 16 point font size

Proofread your visuals.

Guidelines for using effective visuals

Put visuals close to the subject discussed. Provide brief introduction. Limit the use of terms/titles within visual. Practice consistency in colors, scales & patterns, logos & titles for planned effect. Be creative to hold audience attention. Round off figures.

Guidelines for using effective visuals

Select visual graphic for specific data. Prepare visible visual aids. Show communicative potential through visual aids. Find ways to integrate verbal and visual materials. Adapt the visuals to the audience and occasion.

Create VISUALS
Visibility Impression Simplicity

Understandability
Aesthetics

Limitations
Structure

Equipment
overhead projector (OHP) liquid crystal display (LCD) projector computer (Presentation Slides) video compact disk (VCD) player video home system (VHS) player cassette player board/screen photo/video camera

Rehearse the talk

Decide & plan for your style of delivery

Reading

from a full script Extemporaneous (speaking from notes/outline) Memorized [Impromptu (on-the-spot; no preparation)]

Rehearse the talk with the visuals

Learn

your materials. Practice your delivery

Evaluate your feedback.

Deliver your oral presentation

Stage Fright

It is natural to be nervous.

Use your nervousness for peak performance.

Control nervousness.
Prepare. Organize

the physical environment.

EFFECTIVE ORAL PRESENTATION

content

performance