1

Dobrakan (impuls) & kemampuan mendobrak (momentum)

5 kg

1 lcu

2 det

Kemampuan mendobrak
momentum
 Dobrakan Impuls

Satuan dobrakan = sd
 Dobrakan 2

2N

1 det

2N

3 det

5N

10 det
 F newton

𝐼=𝐹 ∙𝑡 sd

t det

𝐼=𝐹 𝑡 Impuls (dobrakan)

Kemampuan mendobrak dan dobrakan 3

10 sd 20 sd
10 N

1 det

6 sd 26 sd
10 N

2 det
10 sd 20 sd
5N

2 det
 Po sd P?
F

t det

P=Po+ F ∙ t

Momentum (kemampuan mendobrak)

1) 10 sd = P 4
I = 5 sd

I
P = P+ I =10 +5=15 sd (ke kanan)

2) 12 sd = P

4 sd = I

I
P = 12 − 4= 8 sd (ke kanan)

3)
4 sd 15 sd

I
P = 15 − 4 =11 sd (ke kiri)
 12 sd
4)

4 sd

I
P = 12 − 4 =16 sd ( ke kiri)
 Menghitung kemampuan mendobrak 5

0 m/det 4 m/det 0 m/det 4 m/det

a) b)
2 kg 2 kg 2 kg 2 kg

1 det 2 det

Perubahan kec 4 m/det dalam waktu 1 det

P = 8 sd
P = 8 sd (kemampuan mendobrak)
0 m/det 3 m/det 6
4 kg 4 kg

3 det

P = 8 sd
0 m/det
V m/det
m kg m kg

t det

𝑃=𝑚 𝑣 kg m/det

1 𝑠𝑑=1𝑘𝑔 / 𝑑𝑒𝑡
 2 m/det P? 7
10 N
2 kg

2 det
Cara I Cara II

V = 2 + 10 = 12 m/det
P = m V = 2 ⸱ 12 = 24 sd
P = 4 + 20 = 24 sd
3 m/det
V=?
4 kg 10 N

5 det
Cara I Cara II

V = 3 + 2,5 ⸱ 5 = 15,5 m/det

P = 12 + 50 = 62 sd P = m ⸱ V = 4 ⸱ 15,5 = 62 sd
 Tumbukan 8
1)
A B

4 m/det
2 m/det
4 kg 2 kg

A B
3 m/det
?
Energi hilang ?
4 kg 2 kg

16 sd 4 sd
B memberi dobrakan (ke kiri)
16 – 12 = 4 sd

A B

12 sd 8 sd
Kemampuan mendobrak B = 8 sd
VB = 4 sd

A
 1 2 1 2
E A= m V = ∙ 4 ∙ 4 =32 J
2 2
1 1
36 J
2 2
E B = m V = ∙ 2 ∙2 = 4 J
2 2
E hilang = 2 J
1 2 1 2
E A = m V = ∙ 4 ∙ 3 =18 J
′
2 2
1 1 34 J
2 2
E B = m V = ∙ 2∙ 4 =16 J
′
2 2
 9

2) 5 m/det 3 m/det

6 kg 2 kg

A B
4 m/det Energi ?
?
6 kg 2 kg

A B
5 m/det

6 kg
30 sd

Ada dobrakan ke kiri dari B

A
30 – 24 = 6 sd
4 m/det
6 kg
24 sd

A
 3 m/det
2 kg 30 sd

B
6 sd 3 m/det
2 kg
V B =6 m / det
′

1 1 2
E A = 𝑚 𝐴 𝑉 𝐴 = ∙ 6 ∙ 5 =75 J
2
2 2
1 1 84 J
2
E B = 𝑚 𝐵 𝑉 𝐵 = ∙2 ∙ 3 =9 J
2
2 2

1 1 2
E A = 𝑚 𝐴 𝑉 𝐴 ′ = ∙ 6 ∙ 4 =48 J
′ 2
2 2
1 1 84 J
2
E B = 𝑚 𝐵 𝑉 𝐵 ′ = ∙ 2∙ 6 =36 J
′ 2
2 2

Tumbukan lenting sempurna

 10

3) 6 m/det 3 m/det

4 kg 3 kg

B A

4 kg ? 2 kg 5 m/det

B A
9 sd
3 m/det
3 kg

A
Dobrakan B 15 sd
5 m/det
6 sd 3 kg

A
 24 sd
4 kg 6 m/det

A
P B=18 sd 18 sd P 𝐵 =4 ,5 sd
′
4 kg 4,5 m/det

6 sd
A

1 1 2
E A = 𝑚 𝐴 𝑉 𝐴 = ∙ 3 ∙ 3 =13 , 5 J
2
2 2
1 1 85,5 J
2
E B = 𝑚 𝐵 𝑉 𝐵 = ∙ 4 ∙ 6 =72 J
2
2 2

1 1 2
E A = 𝑚 𝐴 𝑉 𝐴 ′ = ∙ 3 ∙5 =37 ,5 J
′ 2
2 2
84 J
1 1 2
E B = 𝑚 𝐵 𝑉 𝐵 ′ = ∙ 4 ∙ 4 , 5 =40 ,5 J
′ 2
2 2

Energi yang hilang (tidak elastik)

 11
4) 4 m/det 2 m/det
a) P=16+ 4=20 sd
4 kg 2 kg

A B
3 m/det ? ′
P = 12+ 2V
4 kg 2 kg

5 m/det 3 m/det
b) P=30+ 6=36 sd
6 kg 2 kg

4 m/det V?
′
P = 24+ 2V
6 kg 2 kg

A B
c)
6 m/det 3 m/det

4 kg 3 kg P=24 +9=33 sd
A B
VA 5 m/det
′
P = 4 V +15
4 kg 3 kg

A B
 12

5) 10 2 m/det
m/det
2 kg 2 kg 𝑃=20+ 4=24 𝑠𝑑
A B
V ?
2 kg 2 kg

A B V = 6 m/det
10 m/det

2 kg 20 sd 𝑃 𝐴 =20 𝑠𝑑
A

V m/det
6 kg 2V 𝑃 𝐴′
=2𝑉
A Dobrakan B = 20 – 2 V

2 m/det

2 kg 4 sd 𝑃 𝐵= 4 𝑠𝑑
B
Dobrakan V
2 kg 4 sd
Dobrakan A (2 V – 4) sd
B
 13

6) 4 m/det 2 m/det

4 kg 2 kg P=40 − 4=36 sd

A B

36=4 V + 20
V= ?
10 m/det
4 kg 2 kg

A B ′
P = 4 V +20
 2 m/det

2 kg P B=4 sd ( ke kiri)
B

2 kg
10 m/det Pb =20 sd ( ke kanan)
′

B
I A =24 sd ( ke kanan)
10 m/det

4 kg

4 m/det
4 kg

A
 Latihan 14

1) 0 m/det

A 2 kg P A =2 sd
I = 2 sd
4 m/det
A
P A =8 sd
′
2 kg

2) 2 m/det V=? P A = 8 sd
4 kg 10 N 4 kg I =10 × 2=20 𝑠𝑑
2 det
PA =4 V
′ V = 2 + 10 = 12 m/det
A

3) 10 sd
5 sd ′
P = P + I =15 sd ( ke kanan)

4) 20 sd
′
6 sd P =20 −6=14 sd ( ke kanan)
 15
5) 8 sd
′
3 sd P =8+3=11 sd ( ke kiri)

6) 10 2 m/det P=20+ 8=28 sd

2 kg m/det 4 kg

A B
′
V= ? P = V +12
3 m/det
4 kg

A B
2 kg 2 kg
7) 10
A m/det B
P=40 sd

2 kg
2 kg
V= 10 m/det 10 m/det ′
A B
P = 2V + 2 0
 2 m/det P=36+ 4=40 sd 16
8) 6 m/det
6 kg 2 kg
4 0=30 +2 V
A B
5 m/det ′
6 kg
V= 5 m/det P = 30+2 V
2 kg

A
1 2 1 2
6 m/det 2 m/det E A= m V = ∙ 6 ∙ 6 =108 J
9) 2 2
6 kg 2 kg 112 J
1 2 1 2
E B = m V = ∙ 2 ∙2 = 4 J
A B 2 2
E hilang = 24 J
4 m/det 4 m/det 1 2 1 2
EA=′ m V = ∙ 4 ∙ 6 =72 J
6 kg 2 kg 2 2
88 J
1 2 1 2
A B EB =
′ m V = ∙ 2∙ 4 =16 J
2 2
6 m/det 2 m/det 1 1
2 2
10) E A=
2
m V = ∙ 6 ∙ 6 =108 J
2
6 kg 2 kg 112 J
1 2 1 2
E B = m V = ∙ 2 ∙2 = 4 J
2 2
3 m/det 4 m/det 1 1 E hilang = 42 J
2 2
E A = m V = ∙ 3∙ 6 =54 J
′
2 2
6 kg 2 kg 70 J
1 2 1 2
E B = m V = ∙ 2∙ 4 =16 J
′
2 2
A
11) 10 0 m/det P =40 sd
m/det
4 kg 6 kg

A B
V= ?
V = 1,67 m/det
4 kg 6 kg

A B

12) 10 2 m/det P=50+10=60 sd

m/det
5 kg 5 kg

A B
?
V= ?
V = 2,4 m/det
5 kg 5 kg

A B
 4 m/det 6 m/det 17
13)
4 kg 2 kg
P=16 −1 2=4 sd
A B
4=4 V +2

0,5 m/det
4 kg 2 kg 1 m/det
′
A B P = 4 V +2

2 m/det 4 m/det
14)
6 kg 4 kg
P=12− 16=− 4 sd
A B − 4=6 V +12 , 8

− 4 ,2 m / det
6 kg 4 kg 3,2 m/det
′
A B P = 4 V +(− 16 , 8)
 18
e
Koefisien restitusi menyatakan seberapa besar ke relatif
benda setelah tumbukan dibandingkan dengan ke
relatif benda sebelum tumbukan.

10
m/det A e = 0,8
8 m/det

10
m/det B e = 0,6
6 m/det

10
m/det C e = 0,7
7 m/det

0≤e ≤1
 Latihan 19

1) 10
m/det 6 m/det

e = 0,6

2) 15
m/det

e = 0,47 7 m/det

12 m/det
3)
e = 0,67

8 m/det

14
4) m/det
e = 0,3

4 m/det
 2 m/det 3 m/det 20
4 m/det
1) 6 m/det
4 2
4 kg 2 kg
kg kg

A B A B

Sebelum Sesudah

5 m/det 3 m/det 4 m/det

6 m/det
2)
6 kg 2 kg 6 2
kg kg

A B A B

6 m/det 3 m/det 4,5 m/det

3) 5 m/det
4 kg 3 kg 4 3
kg kg

A B
 21
4) 𝑉 𝑉
mA 𝐴
m B
𝐵

𝑉 𝑉
𝐴′ 𝐵′

mA mB

(𝑉 𝐴 −𝑉 𝐵 )
′ ′

𝑒=⊝
𝑉 𝐴 −𝑉 𝐵
2 m/det
10
5) m/det 4 m/det 10 m/det
4 kg 2 kg 4 kg 2 kg

A B A B

V A/ B =12m/det (kekanan)
 6 m/det
10 2 m/det
6) m/det
2 kg 2 kg
2 kg 2 kg

A B
V A/ B =8 m/det (ke kanan)
 Jenis tumbukan 22
4 m/det 6 m/det
5 3 m/det
1) m/det
6 kg 2 kg 6 kg 2 kg

A B A B
Elasitas sempurna

Sesudah = 84 J
10 2 m/det
m/det 6 m/det
2)
2 kg 2 kg

A B A B
Tidak elastik sama sekali

3) Elasitas sebagian
0≤e ≤1

⊚kerjakanlatihanhal14−17,hitunge dantentukan jenis tumbukan

 Soal menantang 23
ʘ Apakah tumbukan ini mungkin terjadi ?
2 m/det
10
m/det
4 kg 2 kg Sebelum
A B
8 m/det
2 m/det
4 kg 2 kg Sesudah

A B 8 m/det 2 m/det

𝑒=⊝
ʘ Apakah tumbukan ini mungkin terjadi ?
V A
V B

A B Sebelum

V ′
V B′
𝑒=⊝
A
A B Sesudah

′
A B 𝑉 𝐴/𝐵 =⊝𝑉 𝐴/𝐵